Strengthening the global partnerships for sustainable development for the post -2015 [601505]

BISMUN 2015
Strengthening the global partnerships for sustainable development for the post -2015
development agenda
ECOSOC Study Guid e

Bakouni, Ioanna

Strengthening the global partnerships for sustainable development for the post -2015
development agenda
ECOSOC Study Guide
Bakouni, Ioanna
Page 1
Contents
Welcoming letter ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. ………… 2
Introduction ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. ……………….. 3
Presentation of the Economic & Social Council ………………………….. ………………………. 3
Chapter I: Sustainable Development – Definitions and Theoretical Background ……… 5
Chapter II: UN Development Agenda ………………………….. ………………………….. ……….. 6
MDGs ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. ……………………. 6
SDGs ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. …………………….. 7
Post-2015 sustainable development goals ………………………….. ………………………….. .. 9
Chapter III: UN Partnerships in the post -2015 Development Agenda …………………… 10
Chapter IV: Critique on SDGs and future steps ………………………….. ……………………… 13
Concluding Remarks ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. …. 14
Bibliography ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. ……………. 16
Useful Links ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. …………….. 19
ANNEX ………………………….. ………………………….. ………………………….. …………………… 20

Strengthening the global partnerships for sustainable development for the post -2015
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Welcoming letter

Dear participants,

It is our outmost pleasure to welcome you all to the Economic and Social Council. We
would like to personally congratulate you all for participating in BISMUN and
promise you that we will make every possible effort to facilitate you throughout the
Conference.
We certainly hope this year’s conference will trigger you r creativity in problem –
solving, since the first topic our Council will be facing is rather challenging. Indeed
the question regarding the post -2015 development agenda is a rather demanding one,
since several factors contribute to the perplexity of the issue. Our focus will be given
on the aspect of sustainability as endorsed in the post -2015 development goals and to
be more precise on enforcing the global partnerships that could help achieve the goals
set by the UN. We are waiting for your innovative ideas and your flare in shaping the
future of UN’s developmental agenda.
We hop e this study guide will serve as the starting point of your research and we hope
it will motivate you to explore in detail the topic we will be discussing. We urge you
to be well -prepared since the debate s will be heated! We will remain at your disposal
for anything you may need and we will be more than happy to assist you in any
possible way!

We thank you for your cooperation and we are l ooking forward to meeting you all in
Bucharest!

Warmest regards,

The Board of the ECOSOC
Bakouni Joanna -Eugenia
Batra Kartikeya

Strengthening the global partnerships for sustainable development for the post -2015
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Introduction

“Sustainable development is the pathway to the future we want for all. It offers a
framework to generate economic growth, achieve social justice, exercise
environmental stewardship and strengthen governance.”1 – Ban Ki -Moon

1 From Secretary -General’s remark at a G20 working dinner on “Sustainable Development for all”, 5
September 2013, available online; http://www.un.org/sg/statements/index.asp?nid=7073
Presentation of the Economic & Social Council
The Economic and Social Council (ECO SOC) is the United Nations’ central platform for reflection, debate, and
innovative thin king on sustainable development . It is one of the six main UN organs, established by the UN
Charter (1946). The ECOSOC deals mainly with the following areas of interest:
 Coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on economic, social and
envir onmental issues; as well as the implementation of the internationally agreed development goals.
 Supervision of the subsidiary and expert bodies in the economic, social and environmental fields.
 Special attention to the integrated and coordinated implementa tion of, and follow -up to, the outcomes of
all major United Nations conferences summits in the economic, social, environmental and related fields.
The ECOSOC engages a wide variety of stakeholders – policymakers, parliamentarians, academics, major
groups, foundations, business sector representatives and 3,200+ registered non-governmental organizations – in a
productive dialogue on sustainable development through a programmatic cycle of meetings. The work of the
Council is guided by an issue -based approach, and there is an annual theme that accompanies each programmatic
cycle, ensuring a sustained and focused discussion among multiple stakeholders.
For more information: http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/ab out/index.shtml

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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) account for the first global effort in
setting development priorities and driving the allocation of resources towards
strengthening not only policy, but also addressing the most pressing socioeconomic
challenges acro ss the globe. The MDGs defined for the first time a set of time -bound,
quantitative targets to operationalize the basic dimensions of human development.
Several accomplishments have been made, towards the goal of promoting sustainable
human development.
Nevertheless , the overall trends have been uneven and most o f the progress,
particularly in relation to poverty reduction, is concentrated in East and South East
Asia, and in p articular China. Gaps remain across other areas, especially in reducing
hunger an d malnutrition . In addition, sustainability factors and environment
dimensions have not been properly addressed by the curren t MDG framework, in
particular, climate -related disasters have intensified significant ly over the past few
decades. Other critiques of the MDGs framework point towards their technocratic,
reductionist nature (focus on minimum ac hievements such as primary school
enrolment as opposed to secondary education or the quality of education in general),
failure to address poverty in middle -income countries and their weak accountability
mechanisms. These challenges are in fact related to the methodology used for
monitoring and impl ementation of the MDGs wh ich has been highly criticized,
especially the targets as they proved to be set ina dequately for some countries.
Given these ex periences with MDG framework, it is vital to rethink and adapt the
monitoring and assessment methodology for a new set of goals to allow us determine
realistic targets and effectively assess the impact on local, national and international
levels. In this study guide we will discuss the future of the development goals and the
impact of partnerships in forming a more integrated development approach taking into
special consideration the question of sustainability .

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Chapter I: Sustainable Development – Definitions and Theoretical Background

Development as a notion has a clear linkage to growth and productivity , since
economic growth increases income, triggering demand, which in turn increases
individual expenditure (Schumpeter & Diplom -Volkswirt, 2003) . The supplementary
resources generated can be used to increase quality of life, frequently through
investing in improving social services. One of the most prominent issues in the field
of development is that of sustainability.
The notion of sustainability has received an increased attention throughout the last
two decades, both from i nternational organisations but also from corporations and
individuals. Even though sustainability has received several different definitions, the
central idea can be explained as following: “ Sustainable development is the process of
human development via a non-discriminative, inclusive, just, fair and secure way”.
(Karvounis & Georgakellos, 2003) .
What differentiates sustainable development from other developmental theories and
notions is that it focuses on safeguarding the future promoting ways of development
that will aid in securing the positive developmental outcomes for future generations.
In other words and according to the World Bank Glossary2 development is considered
sustainable if it “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs.” The sustainable development question
lies on the hypothesis that societies need to manage economic, social, and natural
capital, which may be non -substitutable and whose consumption might be
irreversible.
The UN recognizing the imperative need of protecting the future generations from the
irreversible outcomes of irrational economic decisions, has taken several actions to
promote s ustainable development. The milestone action towards this direction can be
considered the UN Conference on Sustainable Development, commonly known as
Rio+ (2012). The Rio + Convention set a series of goal to be achieved in a determined
timeframe .3

2 Available online: http://www.worldbank.org/depweb/english/modules/glossa ry.html
3 The exact timeframe can be consulted in the Annex of this study guide

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Chapt er II: UN Development Agenda

MDGs

In 2000, the United Nations Millennium Declaration was adopted, committing the
signatories to a new global partnership to reduce extreme poverty and setting out a
series of time -bound targets – with a deadline of 2015 – that have become known as
the Millennium Development Goals. The MDGs recognize the contribution that
developed countries can make through trade, development assistance, debt relief, and
technology transfer. The goals were divided into 8 categories4, revis ed in 2007 and
are as following :

4 Each goal has targets and indicators that the targets have been met.

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Several MDG targets have been met , while others still remain out of track resulting in
an imperative need to review and re -adapt the UN development agenda . The United
Nations’ Secretary General has established in January of 2012, a ‘System Task Team’
(UNTT) on the Post -2015 Agenda. This task team assembles more than 60 UN
agencies and in ternational organizations. This Task Team has published a report,
entitled ‘Realizing the Future We Want , which basically outlined the UN development
agenda beyond 2015. Additionally, the Task Team is working in th ree different
directions. Two working groups to provide analytical inputs on the global partnership
for de velopment and on monitoring and indicators were established to further thi nking
on these important issues .
Moreover, the Rio+20 Outcome Document has launched an inclusive
intergovernmental process to formulate Sustainable De velopment Goals through an
Open Working Group consisting of 30 members nominated by member states. This
Open Working Group is responsible to establish a resolution to coordinate and make
the process consistent with the Post -2015 UN Development Agenda. Seventeen SDGs
have been decided upon, and they must go hand in hand with the Post – 2015 Agenda.
SDGs5

The SDGs were firstly introduced, i n “The future we want ”, the Rio+ outcome
document:
“248. We resolve to establish an inclusive an d transparent intergovernmental process
on sustainable development goals that is open to all stakeholders, with a view to
developing global sustainable develo pment goals to be agreed by the General
Assembly. An open working group shall be constituted no later than at the opening of
the sixty -seventh session of the Assembly and shall comprise 30 representatives,
nominated by M ember Stat es from the five United Nations regional groups, with the
aim of achievi ng fair, equitable and balanced geographical representation. At the
outset, this open working group will decide on its methods of work, including
developing modalit ies to ens ure the full involvement of relevant stakeholders and
expertise from civil society, the scientific community and the United Nations system in
its work, in order to provide a diversity of perspectives and experien ce. It will submit
a report, to the Assembly at its sixty -eighth session, containing a proposal for
sustainable development goals for consideration and appropriate action. ”
The sustainable development goals are the following:
Goal 1 . End poverty in all its forms everywhere

5 http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/68/970

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Goal 2 . End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well -being for all at all ages
Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong
learning opp ortunities for all
Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for
all
Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, r eliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Goal 8. Promote sustained, inc lusive and sustainable economic growth, full and
productive employment and decent work for all
Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization and foster innovation
Goal 10. Reduce in equality within and among countries
Goal 11. Make cities and human settlem ents inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13. Take urgent action t o combat climate change and its impact
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for
sustainable development
Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land
degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Goal 16. Promote peaceful and incl usive societies for sustainable development,
provide access to justice for all and build e ffective, accountable and inclusive
institutions at all levels
Goal 17. Strengthen the means of im plementation and revitalize the global
partnership for sustainable development

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Post-2015 sustainable development goals

“The question is not whether to abandon global targets but rather how to impro ve the
MDG architecture and how to adjust them to the priorities beyond 2015. ”6

The development agenda beyond 2015 is currently being fuelled by two significant
policy processes :
1. General Assembly (GA) 2010; focused on the follow -up to the MDGs;
2. UN Conference on Sustainable Development outcome and the resulting
sustainable development goals (SDGs).

The 2010 United Nations Summit on the Millennium Development Goals was the first
formal step towards a post -2015 development agenda . The GA adopted resolution
65/1 on 19 October 2010, mandating that the Secretary -General initiate a consultation
process across the UN system, civil society, academia, think tanks, private
organizations and make recommendations in his annual reports for further steps to
advance the development agenda beyond 2015. The Econ omic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) would serve as a principal body for coordination, policy review, dialogue,
and development of recommendations on the issues of economic and social
development and for the follow up on the MDGs.
The second policy process ori ginated with the UN Conference on Sustainable
Development (Rio + 20). This conference, held in June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro,
brought together governments, civil society, and private sector to discuss how to
achieve global prosperity while protecting the env ironment. One of the main
outcomes of the conference was the agreement by Member States to start the process
of developing a set of SDGs, which will build upon the MDGs and align with the
post-2015 development agenda. The outcome document, The Future We Want, was
adopted in GA resolution 66/288 on 11 September 2012. The outcome called for a
wide range of actions such as “strengthening the UN Environment Programme
(UNEP), promoting corporate sustainability, taking steps to go beyond gross domestic
product in assessing the well -being of a country, developing strategy for sustainable
development financing and adopting a framework to tackle sustainable production.” It
also stressed the importance of creating an intergovernmental Open Working Group
(OWG) on Sus tainable Development Goals, which would be mandated to prepare
proposals on the SDGs and involve relevant stakeholders and experts from civil

6 Vandemoortele, If Not the Millennium Develop ment Goals, then What? 2011, p. 9.

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society, academia, and the UN system in its work. The Secretary -General was also
mandated by the resolution to ens ure all necessary support in the work of the UN
system and establish an inter -agency technical support team and expert p anels in
developing the SDGs.
In terms of the SDGs, Rio+20 did not elaborate specific goals but highlighted more
broadly that they shoul d be “concise, action -oriented, limited in number, easy to
communicate and universally applicable to all countries considering their different
contexts, capacities and levels of development.” This approach suggests that new
goals will potentially be applic able to not only developing countries but to all
countries, since human poverty, inequality and exclusion are major challenges facing
middle -income and rich, developed countries. However, what is still required is a new
approach in setting goals, targets a nd indicators given that the shift towards
sustainable development is going to be complex and difficult requiring clear
measurement mechanisms to be in place that would allow monitoring and quantifying
the SDGs.
Chapter III: UN Partnerships in the post -2015 Development Agenda

The UN system is uniquely positioned to facilitate an inclusive multi -stakeholder
process to advocate for a post – 2015 agenda informed by national and local priorities.
Beginning in September 2012, the UN began the consultations, pursuant to GA
resolution 65/1 (2010), with a wide range of stakeholders, including government, civil
society, private sector, and academia and already has been able to engage
approximately 200,000 people in a majority of countries of the world.
Post 2015 development agenda: Initiatives and partnerships
Name Date Description
MY World 2012 Online survey launched in September 2012, in
which 75,000 people voted and expressed ideas
about how the post -2015 development agenda
should be arranged. MY World will continue
gathering feedback and suggestions from people
on the new set of goals up until 2015.
UN
Development
Group
(UNDG)
country –
specific June 2012 –
March 2013 Established guidelines for at least 50 countries,
promoting inclusive consulta tions with
governments and relevant stakeholders. The
outcome of this was a creation of the global
UNDG report The Global Conversation Begins:
Emerging Views for a New Development Agenda .

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consultation s This report reflects on 83 national dialogues
across a range of countries as well as discussions
with communities, groups, young people who
assume responsibility for the next development
agenda.
UN System
Task Team 2011 The Task Team brings together senior experts
designated by 50 UN system entities and other
internat ional organizations to coordinate
preparations for beyond 2015 goals. Their report
highlights that the MDG framework with
concrete goals and targets should be retained, but
entail key dimensions of a more holistic approach
such as “(1) inclusive social dev elopment; (2)
inclusive economic development; (3)
environmental sustainability; and (4) peace and
security.”
High -level
Panel of
Eminent
Persons 2012 The High -Level Panel is tasked with providing a
vision on how SDGs ought to be formulated and
how the post-2015 agenda should be framed. .” It
also introduces a list of new goals with targets
and indicators to be set for 2030 including:
monitoring, accountability mechanisms involving
states, civil society, private sector, and
international development comm unity.
Open
Working
Group on
Sustainable
Development
Goals 2013 -2014 Further elaborate on post -2015 SDGs
UN
Sustainable
Development
Solutions
Network
(SDSN) 2012 Provides technical and scientific expertise from
academia, civil society and the private sec tor to
address sustainable development at local national
and global scale. The Network entails 12
thematic groups of global experts working to
identify best practices and they also have
provided technical assistance for the High -level
Panel of Eminent Pers ons in producing the report
to the Secretary -General.
Regional ongoing Mainly: Economic Commission for Europe

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consultations
with key
commissions (ECE), Economic and Social Commission for
Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), Economic
Commission for Latin America and the
Caribbean (ECLAC), Economic Commission for
Africa (ECA) and Economic and Social
Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
Purpose: to prepare a report on regional
perspectives regarding the development of post –
2015 agenda

It is a well -established princ iple that sustainable development cannot be achieved by
governments alone – it requires the active participation of all people. The Major
Groups, representing key sectors of society, help channel the engagement of citizens,
economic and social actors, and expert practitioners in United Nations
intergovernmental processes related to sustainable development. The Major Groups
structure has provided a platform for interaction with UN Member States, as well as
engagement in the follow -up and review of sustainabl e development commitments.
Throughout 2015 and beyond, the role of Major Groups and other stakeholders will be
critical to ensure broad participation and inclusion of diverse perspectives, in
particular in connection with the negotiation and implementation stages of the Post –
2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and in
conjunction with the High Level Political Forum (HLPF)7.
The key areas of global partnerships include the following areas:
 Women
 Children and Youth
 Indigenous Peoples
 Non-Governmental Organizations
 Local Authorities
 Workers and Trade Unions
 Business and Industry
 Scientific and Technological Community
 Farmers

7 http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/majorgroups

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Major Groups and other stakeholders (MGoS) continue to demonstrate a high level of
engagement with intergovernmental processes at the UN. The coordination of their
input to intergovernmental processes on sustainable development has been led by
UNDESA/Division for Sustainable Development (DSD). Also the UN Office for
Sustainable Development8
Member States ultimately decide upon the modalities of participation of MGoS. Thus,
the engagement and participation of MGoS in intergovernmental processes related to
sustainable development varies depending on the particular sustainable development
topic under discussion.
Chapter IV: Critique on SDGs and future steps

Currently there is no universally accepted definition of SDGs or monitoring
methodology with clear targets and indicators. The Bellagio Principles for Sustainable
Development represent one of the first attempts to outline what could be the
principles for monitoring the SDGs. The discussion took place among a group of
experts focusing on how to frame certain development aspects beyond MDG
framework. The key point of the Bellagio Goals is the focus o n individual countries
and their national contexts in determining global targets to ensure they are applicable
and realistic for both developing and developed countries.
According to the High -Level Panel, peer -review process at regional level is essential
in assessing the effectiveness of policies regarding the implementation of the SDGs
and their impact across various countries. The proposed measurement indicators and
monitoring system however have not yet been agreed on. In addition to the work done
by th e Panel, the Leadership Council of the Sustainable Development Solution
Network (SDSN) reframed the proposed SDGs and suggested narrowing them down
to 10 Goals which have been put forward for consideration by the Secretary -General
and the OWG on sustainabl e development.
However, these proposals have not yet been ag reed on. In a recent report , the
Secretary -General referred to all the previous discussions on how post -2015 agenda
ought to be framed and indicated that the new framework will have to be much
broader that MDGs. One of the key recommendations of the Secretary -General is to
hold the UN summit in 2015 to adopt the new agenda and in preparation for this, he
requests GA’s President to arrange consultations for procedural resolution which

8 http://www.unosd.org/

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could call th e Secretary -General to p repare a “report on modalities, format and
organization for submission to the GA by March 2014.”
Given the continuous discussion on how the post -2015 development agenda should
look like, the UN is facing a challenge in developing an d determining a set of
indicators for the SDGs and their monitoring system. Several suggestions have been
put forward by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). In the
working paper on Measuring Progress towards SDGs, the IISD recom mends
designing the process of SDGs indicators and the indicator system itself to be based
on a set of purpose -built principles. The main task is to decide how to conceptualize
and develop the indicators; by whom and how implementation mechanisms,
monitori ng and reporting should be crafted9. It is important to note that scientific and
science policy guidelines will be required in order to selecting indicators, define
thresholds and developing pathways that connect present conditions of SDGs with the
future targets. In this respect, quantitative indicators revealing trends over time will be
needed and will have to be designed in such way that allow illustrating,
communicating complex data and trends in a simple form that help to shape policies.
Ultimately, th e selection of SDGs, their targets and indicators will present an
opportunity to develop national statistical capacities and collect important information
regarding ways to enhance sustainable development across the world.
Concluding Remarks

Given the ext ensive work done by various sectors in discussing the priorities for the
post-2015 agenda, further steps now require deciding and finalizing the new set of
SDGs with clear indicators, targets, and measurement system. This, however, is not
going to be achie ved easily, especially in developing the progress measurement
system for SDGs. It is also essential to examine the indicators to determine if they
capture the long -term conceptual perspective. More work is needed for gathering
information though comprehens ive surveys at a micro level for each theme of
sustainable development, in particular evidence is lacking for a large number of
countries on the wellbeing of individuals. Partnerships will continue to play a decisive
role in the process of developing the p ost-2015 sustainable development agenda, but
the capacity to coordinate effectively all stakeholders poses a threat in the process.
Questions to consider for further research could include :

9 A notable example would be the Bellagio Sustainability Assessment and Measurement Principles
(STAMP) developed in a multi -stakeholder process organized by IISD and the Organization for
Economic Co -operation and Development (OECD).

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 How feasible is it to initiate a peer -review process to monitor t he
implementation of SDGs across regions?
 Who would initiate such feedback review and consolidation?
 How would it feed into the global review on the SDGs?
 What could be the sources and mechanisms to finance the SDGs?
 How national statistical capacities and information collection systems could be
strengthened?
 How the UN multi -stakeholder system can be improved to match the SDG
approach? In what way can regional partnerships ameliorate the effectiveness
in the implementation of SDG s?
…

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United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network. (2013). An Action
Agenda for Sustainable Development: Report for the UN Secretary -General.
Retrieved from:http://unsdsn.org/files/2013/06/130613 -SDSN -An-Action -Agenda –
for-Sustainable -Development -FINAL.pdf
United Nations System Task Team on the Post -2015 Development Agenda. (2012).
Review of the contributions of the MDG Agenda to foster dev elopment: lessons for
the post -2015 UN development agenda [Report]. Retrieved from:
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg_assessment_Aug.pdf
United Nations, Committee for Development Policy. (2012). The United Nations
Development Strategy Beyond 2015 [ Policy Note]. Retrieved from:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/cdp/cdp_publications/2012cdppolicyn
ote.pdf
United Nations, Development and Policy Analysis Division. (2011). Realizing the
Future We Want for All: Report to the Secretary -General. R etrieved from:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/untt_report.pdf

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United Nations. (2013). Economic and Social Council Discusses its Contribution to
the Elaboration of the Post -2015 Development Agenda [Article]. Retrieved from:
http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B9C2E/(httpNewsByYear_en)/F8D1DA20FAF0
C816C1257B9E0059B1BD?OpenDocument
United Nations. (n.d.). Beyond 2015. Millennium Development Goals [Website].
Retrieved from: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/beyond2015.shtml
Vandemoortel e, J. (2011). “If Not the Millennium Development Goals, then What?”
Third World Quarterly 31(1), pp. 9 –25.

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Useful Links

 http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
 http://www.undp.org/mdg/?
 http://www.who.int/topics/millennium_development_goals/en/
 http://www.un. org/en/ecosoc/about/mdg.shtml
 http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/beyond2015.shtml
 http://post2015.org/
 https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/topics/sustainabledevelopmentgoals
 http://www.sustainabledevelopment2015.org/
 http://www.theguardian.com/global -development/2015/jan/19/sustainable –
development -goals -united -nations
 http://www.uncsd2012.org/index.php?page=view&type=400&nr=218&menu
=45
 http://unsdsn.org/resources/goals -and-targets/

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ANNEX
Rio + Convention Goals Timeframe
2012 UN System, in cooperation with relevant donors and international
organizations to coordinate and provide information upon request on:
(a) matching interested countries with the partners best suited to
provide requested support in;
(b) too lboxes and/or best practices in applying policies on green
economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty
eradication at all levels;
(c) models or good examples of policies of green economy in the
context of sustainable development and pove rty eradication;
(d) methodologies for evaluation of policies of green economy in the
context of sustainable development and poverty eradication;
(e) existing and emerging platforms that contribute in this regard. (para
66)
Strengthen ECOSOC within its Charter mandate and recognize its key
role in achieving a balanced integration of the three dimensions of
sustainable development. We look forward to the Review of the
Implementation of General Assembly 61/16 on the Strengthening of
ECOSOC. (para 83)
Establish an inclusive and transparent intergovernmental process on
sustainable development goals that is open to all stakeholders, with a
view to developing global sustainable development goals to be agreed
by the General Assembly by constituting an open wo rking group by the
opening of the GA 67th session comprising of 30 representatives
nominated by Member States from the 5 regional groups. (para 248)
Establish an intergovernmental process under the United Nations
General Assembly to assess financing needs, consider the effectiveness,
consistency and synergies of existing instruments and frameworks, and
evaluate additional initiatives, with a view to prepare a report proposing
options on an effective Sustainable Development Financing Strategy to
facili tate the mobilization of resources and their effective use in
achieving sustainable development objectives. (para 255)
We recognize that greater coherence and coordination among the
various funding mechanisms and initiatives related to sustainable
develo pment are crucial. We reiterate the importance of ensuring that
developing countries have steady and predictable access to adequate

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financing from all sources to promote sustainable development. (para
262)
United Nations General Assembly, in its 67th Ses sion, to adopt a
Resolution strengthening and upgrading UNEP (para 88)
2012 -2013 We reaffirm the important work and inclusive nature of the Committee
on World Food Security, including through its role in facilitating
country -initiated assessments on sustainable food production and food
security. We take note of the ongoing discussions on responsible
agricultural investment in the framework of the Committee on World
Food Security, as well as the principles for responsible agricultural
investment. (para 155)
2012 -2015 We emphasize the need to accord the highest priority to poverty
eradication within the United Nations development agenda, addressing
the root causes and challenges of poverty through integrated,
coordinated and coherent strategies at all levels. (para 106)
2012 -2016 We support the development of sustainable transport systems, including
energy efficient multi -modal transport systems, notably public mass
transportation systems, clean fuels and vehicles… We also recognize
that the special development needs of landlocked and transit developing
countries need to be taken into account while establishing sustainable
transit transport systems. We acknowledge the need for international
support to developing countries in this regard. (para 133)
2013 Establish a universal intergovernmental high level political forum
(HLPF), building on the strengths, experiences, resources and inclusive
participation modalities of the Commission on Sustainable
Development, and subsequently replacing the Commission (para 84)
Relevant UN system agencies to identify options for a facilitation
mechanism that promotes the development, transfer and dissemination
of clean and environmentally sound technologies by, inter alia,
assessing technology needs of developing countries, options to address
them and capacity building…
The UN Secretary General, on the basis of the options identified and
taking into account existing models, to make recommendations
regarding the facilitation mechanism to General Assembly 67th ses sion
(para 273)
UN system to improve the management of facilities and operations, by

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taking into account sustainable development practices (para 96)
2013 -2016 Secretary -General to provide initial input to the work of the working
group and establish an inter-agency technical support team and expert
panels, as needed, drawing on all relevant expert advice. Reports on the
progress of work will be made regularly to the General Assembly. (para
249)
2014 Complete the first global integrated assessment of the state of the
marine environment by 2014 and its subsequent consideration by the
Assembly (para 161)
Identify and mainstream strategies by 2014 that further assist
developing countries, in particular the least developed countries and
small island develop ing States, in developing their national capacity to
conserve, sustainably manage and realize the benefits of sustainable
fisheries, including through improved market access for fish products
from developing countries (para 174)
An intergovernmental comm ittee, comprising thirty experts nominated
by regional groups, with equitable geographical representation, will
implement this process, concluding its work by 2014. (para 256)
2025 Take action to reduce the incidence and impacts of [marine] pollution
on m arine ecosystems, including through the effective implementation
of relevant conventions adopted in the framework of the International
Maritime Organization (IMO), and the follow -up of the relevant
initiatives… as well as the adoption of coordinated stra tegies to this end.
We further commit to take action to, by 2025, based on collected
scientific data, achieve significant reductions in marine debris to
prevent harm to the coastal and marine environment. (para 163)