Provocari Si Solutii In Traducerea Textelor Specializate

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Provocari Si Solutii In Traducerea Textelor Specializate

Byadmin ianuarie 1, 2024

PROIECT DE LICENȚĂ

Provocări și soluții în traducerea textelor specializate

CONTENTS

INTRОDUCTION

This work is on the topic “Challenges and solutions in translating specialized texts”.

I chose the hotel “Macon Residence Wellness and Spa” to perform my internship because of the cooperation agreement between my university, Free International University of Moldova and University “Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov” from Bulgaria.

Another reason was the desire to implement my knowledge in the field of tourism in order to get acquainted with translation in the field of tourism where English serves as a basic tool of communication. This internship presents a double advantage because, besides practicing English, I learned a different profession, that of an Administrator. Whilst at work I was the main figure in the hotel’s operation. I worked closely with the Manager and Owner to ensure that everything goes properly. This job was a myriad of consistent daily and altering responsibilities – mainly taking reservations and checking people in and out of the hotel. This position gave me an excellent overview of how the entire hotel operates.

The internship took place from the 5th of June 2014 till the 3rd of September 2014 in favourable conditions for me, along with a friendly staff, from which I learned many new things.

The topic of this study is relevant because of its ongoing recurrence in the translation field. This has also been underlined by the frequent studies on the topic of specialized translation. The theoretical value of studying this topic – “Challenges and solutions in translating specialized texts” – is that the chosen issues for consideration stand at the meeting point of several disciplines. The topic under consideration has been widely discussed in the specialized literature.

When working on this license project, I tried to fulfil the following objectives:

The application of theoretical knowledge in practice. Although we have obtained theoretical knowledge at the university, it is far from being enough to embrace the profession of translator or interpreter. In order to be a successful professional it is essential to invest in yourself and assimilate information from various sources.

The improvement of my analytical and academic writing skills. Writing is a skill like any other that can be achieved throughout practice and reading. Acuity and style are the key еlеmеnts. Accuracy involves the writing of properly composed sentences and not misusing the words while style requires self-development.

The development of the field experience. To deepen professional education.

The goals that I did my best to achieve during my work on this license project are the following:

to determine the characteristics of specialized texts;

to identify the linguistic problems in the translation of specialized terms;

to study the theoretical aspects and show the nature of the challenges and solutions in translating of specialized texts;

to identify the difficulties encountered in the process of translation of specialized terms and formulate methods to overcome them;

to outline possible solutions in the field of the given theme for my License Project.

My license project has a traditional structure that includes the following elements: Introduction, two Sections, Conclusions, Bibliography and Annexes.

In Section I – Peculiarities of the Specialized Texts in the Translation Process – are revealed common questions on the historical aspect of the topic under consideration. I have also defined the basic concepts and urgency of the topic under consideration, analysed in greater detail the content and the contemporaneousness of such topic, as well as provided the opinions of various specialists in the field. Consideration has also been given to the theoretical basis of translation of technical terms. I have presented the scientists’ approaches to the definition of, ‘term’, the specificity of the translation of technical texts and pointed out the linguistic problems of translation of English terminology.

Section II – Practical Aspects regarding Challenges in the Translation Process – is based on empirical individual data. The Section sets out the practical aspects of the translation of the terms, the specificity of the terminological structure. I have formulated the essential problems of translation of technical texts and documents, as well as the possible ways to overcome difficulties in the translation of specialized texts. The Section begins with a brief introduction followed by an original text (ST) and its translations into Romanian and French (TT1, TT2), both being taken from the translation practice corpus. In addition, I have proceeded to a brief comment on the typology of the texts, textual genres, terminology and description of grammatical categories and etymology.

Thus, the relevance of this problem has determined the choice of the topic of this license project, the scope of my study and its logical construction.

I have conducted my research and practical work on the basis texts containing touristic and hotel management terminology.

When working on my License Project, I consulted the basic educational literature, the fundamental theoretical works in this area, the results of the empirical research mostly of prominent foreign authors in the field of technical terms, instruction manuals and technical documentation, articles and reviews published in specialized periodicals, reference books, as well as other relevant sources of information.

The methodical and practical value of the work is determined by the fact that the resulting theoretical research findings and specific linguistic material will help me in my future career as a translator.

I. PECULIARITIES OF THE SPECIALIZED TEXTS IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

I.1. Considerations on the nature of specialized texts

As the translation teacher W.M. Amer stated, “translation is the gateway for understanding others and their civilizations” [9, online]. Universities are concerned to teach and graduate proficient and efficient translators, as mistakes in this field may be disastrous.

In chemical texts, the translation mistakes can cause lethal poisoning or horrible explosion. In legal translation, they can illicitly make a defendant lose a very expensive court case. In aeronautics, they may bring a plane down from the sky.

Specialized language is a challenge for any user of a foreign language, because it requires a good knowledge of the terminology on one hand and of grammatical aspects of the TL on the other hand. The translation of a specialized text would not be possible without the appropriate use of specific terminology.

First of all, specialized translation is a translation of specialized documentation and texts, one of the most difficult types of translation, which requires a special approach. Specialized translation requires the translator to have knowledge of the field for translation and to master the terminology. This is due to the differences in the value of the same terms for each of the areas of specialized knowledge. It is important to be an expert in the field of the source text (ST), with appropriate education or specific experience to operate freely the special terminology.

According to N.T. Zanón, “the translator must not only perfectly understand the text, but also accurately describe it, as required by the standards of documents and should therefore have an excellent command of both the SL and the TL” [2, p. 14]. Also, when evaluating a translation it is essential to have a clear understanding of what type of text the ST is. When translating a specialized text it is necessary to possess appropriate knowledge about the transfer of the terms from the source language (SL) into the target language (TL).

When it comes to the specialized translation, we should comprehend the ST first, and then we need to spot the specialized linguistic elements or terms that belong to the area of specialization we are dealing with, to be able to produce the TT. Thinking about content and style requires the search of equivalent specialized terms in the TL.

In specialized translation the elements to be analysed are mainly the following:

The level of specialization of the text. A specialized text can have a medium level of specialization, so that it is understandable, not only by technical personnel, but also by people having a competence in related fields; or it can be intended only for experts in that field, and therefore have a very high level of specialization.

The field. Terms generally have only one equivalent in other languages, that is, correspond to one object or phenomenon. However thanks to the phenomenon of crossover borrowings, it can occur that in a given language a term is borrowed from a different sector. In order for the one-to-one correspondence to be guaranteed, it is therefore indispensable to know in what field the text was written so that the terminology would be disambiguated;

The text aim. The specialized text is characterized by a very high informational content, to the detriment of its poetic and connotative content [10, online].

The informational goal of the ST is the absolute dominant in specialized translation. The non-literary translator’s primary purpose is not inevitably “fidelity” to the form of the text – which, frequently, must be ameliorated – but the total reproduction of the information of the ST and their adjustment to the norms and editorial conventions of the target language and culture.

“Interlingual specialized translation can be practically free of translational loss, excepting the loss common to all forms of communication. Given there is no confusion by the translator about the sector the text belongs to, the level of specialization and the knowledge of the text’s aim, the operation should have no loss” [10, online].

Counting only on bilingual and monolingual dictionaries is not enough. In order to create a qualitative specialized translation, a professional translator must know the field in which he/she translates. Such translator would have to find information about it in specialized dictionaries, consult relevant databases, glossaries or even parallel texts in order to find, when necessary, a precise and appropriate term.

From the practice it is known that sometimes people who lack knowledge about specialized terms or the field of specialization would attempt to translate specialized texts relying only on the fact that they know the SL and the TL well enough. That might cause important loss of the content and it is actually a waste of time because such translation will need a final revision implying an expert to check it.

According to F. Giannoni-Crystal, “lost in translation issues are those hidden legal, cultural, linguistic differences and false similarities that complicate international transactions and litigation because of language and legal system barriers” [14, online].

Language barriers occur when people do not speak the same language or when a translation is completely impossible (for example, the English word ‘trust’ does not have a translation in many languages. E.T. Higgins and A.W. Kruglanski affirmed that “in French for example, the word for trust indicates that one merely has “confidence” in someone or something. Several other languages either do not have specific words for trust or have created new words only recently. For instance there is no noun in Norwegian that corresponds to the English definition of trust, and the Japanese invented a new word to capture the construct merely a century ago” [1, p. 588].

Translation problems may be categorized as pragmatic, cultural, linguistic or text specific issues. Here are some categorized outlines in regard to such issues.

1. The pragmatic translation problems:

arise from the differences between the extra lingual situations and can be identified by checking on the extra textual factors (sender, receiveer, receiver, medium, time, place, motive, text function);

are present in every translation task and can be generalized regardless of the languages and cultures involved or the direction of the translation process;

are the most important problems to deal with in the initial phases of translator training.

2. Cultural translation problems:

result from the differences in the norms and conventions guiding verbal and nonverbal behaviour in the two cultures involved;

are present in almost every translation task particularly in instrumental translations.

3. Linguistic translation problems

arise from structural differences in the vocabulary, syntax and suprasegmental features of the two languages;

some of these are restricted to language pairs, as might be the case of cognates or false friends, one-to-many or one-to-zero equivalences.

Contrastive grammar and comparative stylistics can provide valuable help in solving these problems [17, online].

If all the available resources have been consulted but the equivalent still could not be found then, we can find our way out by considering the following solutions to the encountered challenges:

paraphrasing the terms or simply reproducing them in italics;

creating new terms in the TL and including a footnote explaining the reasons of their creation;

observing the terminology of specialized works and recording the terms in glossaries.

I.2. Specific linguistic features of specialized texts

In the opinion of E. De Campos, “specialized texts use a special kind of language. Such a language of specialized knowledge has its own technical lexicon, the fundamentals of which are a particular system of terminology, and specific rules of introducing terminological units into a text, namely its own cognitive syntax” [11, online]. At the lexical level, the terms must be translated accurately, while at the syntactical level, the specialized texts must provide transparency, unambiguous character and accuracy of thought.

Terminology is always based on peculiar terms, appropriate to a certain field of science or technology. “Terms are words and compound words or multi-word expressions that in specific contexts are given specific meanings—these may deviate from the meanings the same words have in other contexts and in everyday language” [20, online]. Multi-word and international terms (with Greek or Latin roots), and neologisms, are often used as terms.

The importance of terms in specialized texts varies as the opinions differ. Some linguists state that terms consist of not more than 5% of the text vocabulary and others say that they constitute 20-30% of the whole vocabulary of the texts. Terms have a tendency to be used in their primary meaning, as they indicate with exactitude a precise scientific perception and distinct objects. According to E. Źrałka, “a specialized language will be realized in the scientific-technological style, mainly because of its professionally restricted range of vocabulary” [21, online].

Neutral words compose the greater part of the vocabulary of scientific style (60-70%) with an amount of common literary vocabulary, together with such words as: in consequences of, respectively, indicate, approximately, etc. (circa 10%).

Moreover, technology and academic science are as well characterized by a high degree of nominalization, which is expressed by a plentiful use of nominal groups.

Apart from the specific lexical stratum, a specialized language uses specific syntactic elements and grammatical constructions, characteristic for the scientific style. A typical feature of the specialized texts is the broad use of several grammatical structures, such as the passive voice involving the verbs: infer, assume, conclude, suppose, etc. (e.g. passive voice – The agreement was concluded by the union leaders and the management – is preferable to the active voice – The union leaders as well as the management concluded the agreement); The impersonal style of specialized texts is much more common in English than in Slavic languages, for example. Typical for legal texts are the use of the following:

third person plural or singular;

participle structures;

consent verbs, such as: ‘authorize’ and ‘permit’;

frequent performatives, such as: ‘confirm’, ‘declare’, ‘commit’;

modal verbs, which are very much specific for contracts, as they regulate rights, obligations, and prohibitions;

Unlike the above, several grammatical constructions, such as the imperatives, are not characteristic for the specialized texts.

The comprehensible division of the text into units is peculiar for the layout. Such division is most typical for the codified texts (e.g. petitions, contracts, medical diagnosis, birth certificates etc.).

The most important challenge that I identified during the translation of the specialized texts was the translation of the special terminology. I have realized that the best solution to overcome these challenges is the ongoing education as it offers didactic material and guidance from our professors. The process of learning should be continuous because that is the only way to gain knowledge that would help in the course of the practical work. Workshops and attending meetings will be always useful as well.

II. PRACTICAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE CHALLENGES IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

II.1. Analysis of the difficulties in the translation of tourist texts and identification of possible solutions

As outlined by I.D. Muñoz, “tourism is an activity which involves the direct contact between cultures and all that this concept includes namely folklore, customs, gastronomy, dancing, rules, etc. This makes us consider the language of tourism an element of inestimable value between tourists and the place they are visiting and, above all, a joint element between the local and foreign cultures involved” [16, online]. Thus, in order to ensure a good communication between the local population and the potential or future tourists, it is important to deliver high quality translations of the tourist texts. Very frequently, the texts are of a poor quality containing information that is blurred and abounds in various mistakes. A reason why it happens is the lack of research into the specialized language and terminology of such texts. A solution to such problem might be considering the translations carried out by professional and skilled translators or finding an expert who is a native speaker of the TL.

The translation quality depends on the ability of the translator to carry out a work without mistakes at all levels. The main problem in translating tourist texts is the transfer of the concepts regarding the cultures involved. Very often touristic texts may inform about things that simply do not exist in a foreign culture or that the target audience has never heard of. Such cultural differences need adequate solutions in order to overcome communication loss and barriers.

Translating is much harder when you lack appropriate skills and knowledge. Even if the specialized texts are based mostly on specialized vocabulary it is not enough to make a good translation. This is why it is vital to implement the important knowledge about the translation techniques we gathered at the theoretical and practical lessons. Since tourist texts are seen mostly as a part of the general language there were few terms I worked with and for which I needed a specialized dictionary for translating. The explanatory and bilingual dictionaries were of a great help when in need to overcome difficulties that occurred in the process of translation and complicated terms.

In what follows, I will bring and analyse fragments taken mainly from the tourist and travel industry texts that I translated during my practice of translation, with special emphasis on the challenges I had to face and some possible solutions.

Let us consider the following example:

ST1: What matters most is the air that one practically can’t enjoy anyplace else – a combination of sea and mountain air, where its concentration within the bay area and retention by the mountain range make Sveti Vlas a really unique spot along the entire seaside of Bulgaria.

TT1: Ceea ce contează cel mai mult este aerul, de care practic, nu te poți bucura niciunde în lume – o combinație de briză de mare și aer de munte, care se concentrează în zona golfului și oprit de lanțul muntos face Sveti Vlas un loc cu adevărat unic pe întregul litoral bulgar.

TT2: Ce qui compte le plus, c’est l'air que l'on ne peut pas savourer pratiquement nulle part ailleurs – une combinaison d’air de montagne et de mer, dont la concentration dans la zone de baie bloquée par la chaîne de montagnes rend Sveti Vlas un endroit vraiment unique tout au long du bord de la Mer Noire en Bulgarie.

The main challenge regarding the examples above is linked to the style of the text. As we can see from the above, the tourist texts largely use an emphatic language. This is common for the three English, Romanian and French versions to the same extent. We can discuss about the two levels of features of the emphatic language:

the lexical level, which is characterized with the use of lexical units of superlative connotation, which actually betrays an exalted style aimed at persuading the tourists to visit a specific location:

ST: ‘enjoy’, ‘a really unique spot’, ‘the entire seaside’;

TT1:‘a se bucura de’, ‘cu adevarat unic’, ‘pe întregul litoral’;

TT2:‘savourer’, ‘vraiment unique’, ‘tout au long du bord’.

the grammatical level, which is characterized with the use of an emphasizing structure and a negative pronoun that aims at rendering the unicity of the tourist location:

ST: ‘What matters most is…’, ‘one practically can’t enjoy any place else’, ‘the entire seaside’;

TT1: ‘Ceea ce contează cel mai mult este…’, ‘de care practic, nu te poți bucura nici unde în lume;

TT2: ‘Ce qui compte le plus est…’, ‘que l'on ne peut pas savourer pratiquement nulle part ailleurs’.

Let us consider the example below:

ST: The vicinity of the Sveti Vlas Resort to other tourist centers in the country is yet another advantage.

TT1: Imediata apropiere a stațiunii Sveti Vlas de alte centre turistice din țară prezintă un alt avantaj.

TT2: Le voisinage du Sveti Vlas à d'autres centres touristiques dans le pays est toujours un avantage de plus.

When translating ST into TT1, I used reformulation (sometimes known as equivalence) and calque translation when translating into TT2:

ST: The vicinity;

TT1: Imediata apropiere;

TT2: Le voisinage.

Since there are no specific rules for translating the proper names of geographical locations, I had to look up for a correspondent term in an atlas or a similar source. English has the tendency to keep the original form of the name regarding the geographical terms but that is not always the case for other languages. My research brought me to various forms and because the rules are never absolute I decided to stick to the original and consider the borrowing technique:

ST: Sveti Vlas;

TT1: Sveti Vlas;

TT2: Sveti Vlas.

The challenges in the following example are rather curious:

ST: Sveti Vlas is a small resort township almost touching to the Sunny Beach Resort to the north and spreading along the natural sea bay to the Eleni Resort.

TT1: Sveti Vlas este un mic orășel situat în vecinătatea stațiunii Sunny Beach la nord și întinzându-se de-a lungul golfului natural până la stațiunii Eleni.

TT2: Sveti Vlas est une petite commune de station de vacances presque touchant la station balnéaire Sunny Beach au nord, en s’étendant tout au long de la baie naturelle de mer jusqu’à la station de vacances d’Eleni.

When translating ST into TT1, I used the following techniques:

literal translation (transposition):

ST: spreading along the natural sea bay;

TT1: întinzându-se de-a lungul golfului natural;

TT2: s’étendant tout au long de la baie naturelle de mer.

reformulation or equivalence:

ST: ‘almost touching’, ‘resort’;

TT1: ‘situat în vecinătatea’, ‘stațiunii’;

TT2: ‘presque touchant’, ‘station de vacances’.

The difficulty that I encountered during the translation of the above fragment was whether to translate or to omit the repetitive term ‘resort’. Since this is a specialized text, it is known that one of its features is to repeat the same term by making thus reference to the same object. The given fragment is far from being an example taken from an instruction or manual but at the same time cannot be assigned to pure general language. I think the best solution in this case is to choose a path that would include features of the both types of vocabulary.

ST: ‘small resort township’, ‘Sunny Beach Resort’, ‘Eleni Resort’;

TT1: ‘mic orășel ’, ‘stațiunea Sunny Beach’, ‘stațiunea Eleni’;

TT2: ‘petite commune de station de vacances’, ‘station balnéaire Sunny Beach’, ‘station de vacances d’Eleni’.

Another challenge that appeared in the process of translation was the occurrence of the English preposition ‘to’ in the phrase ‘touching to the Sunny Beach Resort’ which is not in its ordinary use. It caused rereading the fragment several times in order to come up with the appropriate translation.

In TT1 and TT2 below, I used mainly the literal translation technique, which is rather appropriate and convenient for the purposes of a faithful translation:

ST: The Sveti Vlas Resort is unique also for the opportunities it offers for active recreation both on land and at sea: there are the new beaches and trips on speed boats and yachts, sea fishing and journeys organized as far as Turkey.

TT1: Stațiunea Sveti Vlas este de asemenea, unică, datorită oportunităților pe care le oferă pentru o odihnă activă, atât peuscat cât și pe mare: plajele noi și excursiile pe vase și iaht-uri, pescuitul maritim și călătoriile organizate până în Turcia.

TT2: La station Sveti Vlas est aussi unique pour les occasions qu’elle offre pour les moyens de récréation active terrestres et aquatiques: il y a les plages toutes nouvelles et les voyages en bateaux à vitesse et en yachts, la grande pêche au large et les voyages organisés autant que la Turquie.

The main challenges in translating this fragment were the inappropriate word order ‘unique also’ instead of ‘also unique’ and the use of preposition ‘for’ instead of the more appropriate term ‘including’. The translation did not present any difficulty but instead I had to take care of mistakes made in the ST.

Let us consider the following example:

ST: At Macon, there is a cult of healthy lifestyle and sports. We have created all pre-conditions so that you may maintain your tone and improve your health in the generous Bulgarian sun.

TT1: La Macon, există un cult al modului sănătos de viață și al sportului. Am creat toate precondițiile, astfel încât să vă puteți menține tonusul și să vă îmbunătățiți sănătatea dumneavoastră sub soarele generos al Bulgariei.

TT2: À Macon, il y a un culte de style de vie sain et le sport. Nous avons créé toutes les conditions nécessaires pour que vous puissiez maintenir votre tonus et améliorer votre santé sous un soleil bulgare généreux.

(À Macon, louent le style de vie sain et le sport. Nous avons créé toutes les conditions nécessaires pour que vous puissiez maintenir votre tonus et améliorer votre santé en soleil bulgare généreux.)

The main translation technique used in the TT1 and TT2 above is the literal translation.

Let us examine the following example:

ST: there is a cult of healthy lifestyle and sports;

TT1: există un cult al modului sănătos de viață și al sportului;

TT2: il y a un culte de style de vie sain et le sport.

Since in English the noun ‘cult’ mainly has a negative meaning and sometimes referring to a group sharing the same beliefs, I find it hard to think of a noun having the meaning that is close to its equivalent. In Romanian and French the noun ‘cult’ has lost its negative connotation and can be widely used in various situations.

Here follows another example:

ST: – a small Olympic swimming pool of 25m length and 5 lanes, and also 2 open and 1 covered swimming pool;

– two open sports grounds for tennis, basketball, football, and roller skate hockey;

– beach volleyball court and bocce alley;

– sports hall for practicing of various sports: karate and other martial arts, wrestling, gymnastics and dance classes.

TT1: – piscină de 25 m lungime cu 5 benzi, precum și alte 2 piscine în aer liber și 1 piscină în interiorul hotelului;

– două terenuri sportive pentru tenis de câmp și un teren pentru baschet, fotbal și hochei pe role;

– teren pentru volei de plajă și o alee pentru bocce;

– sală pentru practicarea diferitor sporturi: karate și alte arte marțiale, lupte, gimnastică și dans.

TT2: – une piscine de 25m longueur à 5 couloirs, 2 piscines de plein air et 1 piscine couverte;

– deux terrains sportifs de plein air pour le tennis, le basket-ball, le football et le hockey sur patin à roulettes;

– 1 terrain pour le volley de plage et 1 terrain de bocce;

– 1 hall sportif pour pratiquer des sports divers: karaté et d'autres arts martiaux, lutte, gymnastique et leçons de danse.

In the first sentence of the fragment the translator used additional information or terms describing the same concept. Another mistake is the use of adjective ‘small’ while describing the ‘Olympic swimming pool’ in ST. When referring to the size of Olympic swimming pools we can only distinguish between long course where the race course is 50 m in length and short course with a distance of 25 m between touch panels. I can conclude that ‘small’ stands for ‘short course’ and as a result the challenge encountered was to commonplace (write down) the changes and transfer it in the TL. One more challenge for me was the decision between translating all the terms describing the same concept by identifying which part of the sentence stands for main information and which for secondary. Since I cannot make changes in the original and I do not want my translation to be very different from the ST fragment 1 decided to transfer into TT1 and TT2 the secondary information only.

The translation in Romanian was a challenge while translating the second line of the fragment. First of all tennis and basketball use ‘courts’ and not ‘grounds’, again a mistake made in the ST. In my translation in order for it to be reliable I had to divide the list of sports using the appropriate names for the places where they can be practiced. In the original the translator failed to specify whether ‘football’ stands for ‘soccer’ or for ‘American football’. If information is for Europeans that may not be a problem but it may create a great confusion if the information would be read by someone from the North American continent.

Another mistake that required careful reading of the fragment for several times was the use of preposition ‘of’ before ‘various sports’ in ST which clearly does not belong there.

Let us consider the underlined phrase in the following example:

ST: The sea is just a few walking minutes away and there you can engage in water sports: swimming, yachting, etc.

TT1: Marea este la doar câteva minute de mers pe jos unde puteți practica sporturile nautice: înot, yachting, etc.

TT2: La mer est juste quelques minutes à pied et là vous pouvez vous pratiquer des sports nautiques : la natation, le yachting, etc.

The translator transferred the fragment using the word-for-word translation instead of modulation technique emphasizing the failed attempt to personalize it. The phrase ‘a few walking minutes’ would sound better if re-phrased as ‘a few minutes ’walk’, which is more suitable for the English version.

The prevailing translation technique used in the translation of ST above is the calque translation technique:

ST: a few walking minutes;

TT1: la câteva minute de mers pe jos;

TT2: quelques minutes à pied.

In the example below, I have noticed the following changes in the translation process:

ST: The main functions of the front office department are:

During Guest Cycle: Pre arrival, arrival, ongoing responsibilities, departure and after departure activities.

TT1: Principalele funcții ale departamenului recepție sunt:

În timpul ciclului de deservire a oaspeților: responsabilitățile până la sosire /la sosire/ pe parcursul sejurului, activități la plecare/după plecare.

TT2: Les fonctions principales du département de la réception sont :

Pendant le cycle d’accueil des hôtes: responsabilités de pré-arrivée /d’arrivée, / pendant la période du séjour, activités de départ /après départ.

The main challenge in the process of translation of the above fragment was the identification of appropriate equivalents for ST phrases. Since the word-for-word translation would not transfer the meaning, consequently, the most noticeable change that occurred in the TT1 and TT2 is the abundant use of prepositions and partitive article in TT2.

ST: ‘pre arrival, arrival’, ‘ongoing responsibilities’, ‘departure and after departure activities’;

TT1: ‘până la sosire /la sosire’, ‘pe parcursul sejurului’ ‘la plecare/după plecare’;

TT2: ‘de pré-arrivée /d’arrivée’, ‘pendant la période du séjour’, ‘de départ /après départ’.

Let us consider the underlined words in the example below:

ST: Reservation becomes guaranteed in case of full prepayment by cash or CC.

TT1: Rezervare este garantată în caz de efectuarea plății în avans a sumei depline în numerar sau cu cardul de credit.

TT2: La réservation est garantée en cas de prépaiement complet en espèces ou par carte de crédit.

The segment did not present great difficulty during translation process but I came across the English phrase ‘by cash’ which has specific equivalents in TT1 and TT2 in the form of collocation.

ST: by cash;

TT1: sumei în numerar

TT2: en espèces.

One more challenge present in the same fragment was the identification of the meaning of the abbreviation ‘CC’ that stands for ‘credit card’ and giving the relevant translation based on a change of word order in TT1 and TT2.

ST: CC;

TT1: cardul de credit

TT2: carte de crédit.

Let us consider the translation of collocations built on the phenomenon of adjectivation in the example below:

ST: The main services include hotel facilities offered for accommodation, cleaning the rooms, luggage room, wakeup call at certain times etc.

TT1: Principalele servicii includ servicii hoteliere oferite de cazare, curățenie în camere, cameră pentru bagaje, apel de trezire, etc.

TT2: Les services principaux incluent des services d'hôtel offerts pour le logement, le nettoyage des chambres, salle de bagages, réveil par téléphone, etc.

What makes this sentence worth taking into count is the presence of the adjectivation. Such nominal groups are not hard to translate if you rely on right-to-left construction which is easily employed in English. Because many Romanic languages including Romanian have the left-to-right construction, after translation the word order and size of the text is changed.

ST: ‘hotel facilities’, ‘luggage room’, ‘wakeup call’;

TT1: ‘servicii hoteliere’, ‘cameră pentru bagaje’, ‘apel de trezire’;

TT2: ‘des services d'hôtel’, ‘salle de bagages’ , ‘réveil par téléphone’.

In addition, the false friend ‘facilities’ in ST needs to be translated as ‘servicii’ in TT1 and ‘services’ in TT2.

In the example below the translation challenges were as follows:

ST: Check-in: From 14:00 / Check-out: Until 12:00;

TT1: Check-in: Începând cu ora 14:00 / Check-out: Până la ora 12:00;

TT2: Arrivée à partir de 14:00 / Départ jusqu'à 12:00.

The main challenge regarding the translation of the above fragment was the necessity to choose between the direct technique of borrowing and the oblique technique of equivalence. I consulted some sources before translating and I identified that both variants are correct and it is up to the translator to pick the one he considers the most suitable.

ST: ‘Check-in’, ‘Check-out’;

TT1: ‘Check-in’, ‘Check-out’;

TT2: ‘Arrivée’, ‘Départ’.

At this point, the conclusion is that, in my capacity of beginner translator, I made a preferential use of the word-for-word, reformulation or equivalence, literal and borrowing translation techniques. I think that there is always room for improvement and in my future work I will try the use of more sophisticated translation techniques. One conclusion is very clear to me: it is a skill like any other and practice makes it perfect.

The reason why tourist texts are of a poor quality lies at the basis of professionalism and lack of training of translators. Most of them are not familiar with the specific features of such texts (style, cultural differences, etc.). A lot of other factors like technological problems, lack of translation instructions, lack of time and not enough money can influence the reliability of touristic texts. It is very important to translate from effective promotional materials and is vital for companies to hire such experts in the first place.

In order to achieve better results in tourist translations a solution may be a greater attention from the universities towards this specialized translation. In general tourist texts are considered a part of general translation many tend to underestimate it. Even if few academic institutions around the word offer courses in tourist translation it is not enough because such type of specialized translation needs to be included and studied just like other sorts of texts. This is very important because not only students will learn the features of the texts, their genres but will get acquainted with the cultural difficulties that in this case are very important and can’t be learned from a specialized dictionary.

II.2. Analysis of the terms from the field of tourist texts

In this subsection I will try to make the analysis of some terms taken from the social texts from my practice of translation. My basic working tools were the Online Dictionary of Hotels, Tourism and Catering Management and the Online Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality. Therefore, please consider the following terms:

Abroad (adv.)

Definition – out of doors, away from home.

Origin – mid-15c. a-+broad (adj.) ‘out of one’s country, overseas’.

Romanian translation – în străinătate, peste graniță.

The technique used is the reformulation.

Resort (noun)

Definition – place people go for recreation.

Origin – from Old French resort, ‘resource, a help, an aid, a remedy’.

Romanian translation – stațiune.

The technique used is the calque.

Round trip (noun)

Definition – a journey to a given place and back again, usually over the same route; also a ticket for such trip.

Origin – from Latin rotundus ‘round’(adj.) ‘like a wheel, circular, round’ + ‘trip’ (noun), mid 15c. ‘a short journey or voyage’.

Romanian translation – dus-întors.

The technique used is the reformulation.

Immigration (noun)

Definition – the movement of people into another country or region to which they are not native in order to settle there.

Origin – from Latin imigrare ‘to remove, go into, move in’.

Romanian translation – imigrare.

The technique used is the blueprint translation or calque.

Single (noun)

Definition – room to accommodate one person, occupancy by one person.

Origin – mid-15c., ‘a person alone, an individual’, from single (adj.).

Romanian translation – cameră pentru o singură persoană ce are un singur pat / cameră single.

The technique used is the reformulation / borrowing.

Breakfast (noun)

Definition – a morning meal.

Origin – mid-15c., from break (v.) + fast (n.).

Romanian translation – micul dejun, masa de dimineață.

The technique used is the reformulation.

Twin (noun)

Definition -a type of hotel accommodation with twin beds for occupancy by two persons.

Origin – Old English twin ‘consisting of two, twofold, double, two-by-two’.

Romanian translation – cameră pentru două persoane cu două paturi separate / cameră twin.

The technique used is the reformulation / borrowing.

It is very important to mention that translators should be very attentive when making word-for-word translations. I. Horea has pointed out that “false friends or false cognates are words that may sound similar in two or more languages but in actuality mean different things” [15, online]. In the examples below, the terms have the same or nearly the same spelling/pronunciation, while the meanings are different:

the English noun ‘rent’ seemingly resembling the Romanian noun ‘rentă’ meaning, in fact ‘chirie’;

the English noun ‘advertisment’ seemingly resembling the Romanian noun ‘avertisment’ meaning, in fact ‘publicitate’;

the English noun ‘caution’ seemingly resembling the Romanian noun ‘cauțiune’ meaning, in fact ‘atenție, avertisment’;

the English noun ‘camera’ seemingly resembling the Romanian noun ‘cameră’ meaning, in fact ‘aparat foto’;

the English noun ‘chef’ seemingly resembling the Romanian noun ‘șef’ meaning, in fact ‘bucatar șef’.

Every good translator must be well-trained and proficient in the field of translation that he has chosen to specialize in. Moreover, a good translator must test himself once in a while in terms of accuracy in understanding and applying the terms.

CONCLUSION

Becoming a translator is more than embracing only one vocation. Every translator should have something of an actor or a mimic in them and even possess to some extent a profession that is far from being related to that of a translator. What makes it difficult is keeping in mind the translation of lots of words and the need to consult a lot of sources and dictionaries. As a future translator I can say that translation plays a very important role in our lives, because its main aim is to ensure the communication between people.

Translation is a cultural process and it is nothing more but an act of communication between two cultures at the level of language. It establishes a relation between the source and the target languages. Translation opens up cross-cultural dialogs and if viewed diachronically, it underlines the tradition of a culture and its metamorphosis during years through the development of its language.

It is important to study the culture of the target readers. Often, ideas and even words are particular to specific cultures. It is not enough to have passing and superficial knowledge of the other language to produce good translations. You must have complete understanding of both languages and posses the ability to deal with differences in their meaning. The cultural ideas that encounter in the process of translation involve not only memorizing lots of details about words but also require an insight of the culture. It is important to take into count factors like tone or intentions when a word has no translation into the language you are translating. Many cultures have similar behaviours or traits only the techniques they use to express them are different. The most significant cultural assessments are intentions, meanings and ideas. That is something that can be challenging but requires years of experience.

Being fluent, understanding, speaking, reading and writing does not make you a translator. Like any other profession it requires training and a lot of years of practice. What characterizes a translator is the curiosity and hunger for the real-world, experienced through travel, new cultures and foreign languages, living abroad and even paying attention to how people use words around them to communicate. They acquire the ability to develop extraordinary remembering skills that help them to remember words they never heard before or heard only once. The translator should possess not only the specific terminology, but also a large amount of vocabulary from various fields. The choice of methods, techniques and strategies is essential to overcome the translation problems. The same language may be translated differently between different countries, as words may express different meanings. Mistranslating the word or its meaning may become offensive, but at the same time the literal translations are not every time accurate. Consequently, keeping the meaning and the original message of the source text during translation process is viewed more as an art than a science. I have come to the conclusions that a translator should understand the core of the text, and then adequately convey its meaning in the target language, even if it will change the original structure.

During the translation practice I had the possibility to assess the level of my theoretical training in the field of translation and to apply my knowledge in the process of translation of tourist texts. When translating, I managed to understand some linguistic and extralinguistic features both in the English and Romanian languages.

In conclusion, it is important to underline that being a translator is exciting, especially now when translation is one of the most required jobs by today’s society. As language is constantly changing, it will be years before an intelligent computer program appears to translate and understand as well as humans do. As a result, translators’ job will be protected for years to come.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Higgins, Edward Tory; Kruglanski, Arie W. Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles. New York: Guilford Press, 2007. 1010 p.

Zanón, Noa Talaván. A University Handbook on Terminology and Specialized Translation. Madrid: UNED, 2011. 115 p.

Dictionaries

Budușan, Valeria; Esztergar, Clara. Dicționar francez-român, român-francez. Chișinău: Știința, 2000. 709 p.

Hornby, Albert S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. London/New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. 1428 p.

Lewis, Norman. Word Power Made Easy. New York: Pocket Books, 1979. 528 p.

Merriam-Webster Thesaurus. New York: Pocket Books, 1978. 634 p.

Plăcintar, Emilia; Bertea, Mircea. Dicționar englez-român, român-englez. Chișinău: Știința, 2000. 709 p.

Webster’s American English Dictionary. Springfield: Federal Street Press, 1995. 405 p.

Internet sources

Amer, Walid Mohammad. Teaching Translation at Gaza Universities: Problems and Solutions, available at http://www.qou.edu (visited 02/04/15).

Communication and Quality in Interpretation and Translation, available at http://www.scribd.com/doc/140172424 (visited 18/04/2015).

De Campos, Elizabeth. The Practice of Specialized Translation: A Case Study of an Academic Certificate, available at http://www.contextjournal.files.wordpress.com (visited 18/04/15).

Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism, available at https://englishedu.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/dictionary-of-travel-tourism-hospitality.pdf (visited 28/04/15).

Dictionnaires Larousse bilingues en ligne, available at http://www.larousse.fr/ (visited 28/04/2015).

Giannoni-Crystal, Francesca. Lost in Translation Issues that Can Hurt Your Deal, available at http://www.italchamber.org (visited 02/04/15).

Horea, Ioana. The Threat of “False Friends” in Learning English, available at http://www.intranslations.com/admin/files/falsefriends.pdf (visited 12/05/15).

Muñoz, Isabel Durán. Analysing Common Mistakes in Translation of Tourist Texts (Spanish, English and German), available at http://www.dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/4419765.pdf, (visited 27/04/15).

Nord, Christiane. Functional Approach to Translation, available at http://www.pfri.uniri.hr/~bopri/documents/06NORD-STanalysisfol_001.pdf, (visited 15/04/15).

Online Etymology Dictionary, available at http://www.etymonline.com (visited 05/05/2015).

Oxford Dictionaries, available at http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/ (visited 28/04/2015).

Wikipedia, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/ (visited 09/05/15).

Źrałka, Edyta. Teaching Specialised Translation through Official Documents, available at http://www.jostrans.org (visited 18/04/15).

ANNEXES

ANNEX 1. Examples of terms from tourist texts

ANNEX 2. Location of Hotel Macon Residence Wellness & SPA – ST

Hotel Macon Residence Wellness & SPA is located in the Sveti Vlas Resort not far from the largest resort at the Bulgarian Black Seaside, the Sunny Beach Resort.

About Sveti Vlas: Sveti Vlas is a small resort township almost touching to the Sunny Beach Resort to the north and spreading along the natural sea bay to the Eleni Resort.

Always quiet and calm weather, without storms, a small town with all necessary elements of year-round infrastructure, with new beaches and a Marina. Everything is practically at arm’s length; excellent restaurants and shopping areas.

The vicinity of the Sveti Vlas Resort to other tourist centers in the country is yet another advantage. The resort is at a 45-minute drive from the International Burgas Airport (41,5 km), a 20-minute drive from the ancient town of Nessebar (10,4 km) and just a 9-minute drive from the Sunny Beach Resort (5 km.). That makes it easy for tourists to combine a holiday at the Sveti Vlas Resort with visits to places of interest in ancient towns, and entertainment in nearby resorts.

What matters most is the air that one practically can’t enjoy anyplace else – a combination of sea and mountain air, where its concentration within the bay area and retention by the mountain range make Sveti Vlas a really unique spot along the entire seaside of Bulgaria.

The Sveti Vlas Resort is unique also for the opportunities it offers for active recreation both on land and at sea: there are the new beaches and trips on speed boats and yachts, sea fishing and journeys organized as far as Turkey. On the other part, one can walk near the mountain range or ride a bicycle along eco trails starting from the hotel itself, or one can book a safari jeep drive or take horse riding classes. There are numerous beautiful and interesting spots in the vicinity.

Not by coincidence this place has been named after the Biblical healer Vlasia and was announced a seaside resort and climate resort in 1963.

Locația Hotelului Macon Residence Wellness & SPA – TT

Hotelul Macon Residence Wellness & SPA este situate în stațiunea Sveti Vlas nu departe de cea mai mare stațiune bulgară de pe litoralul mării negre, Sunny Beach.

Despre Sveti Vlas: Sveti Vlas este un mic orășel situat în vecinătatea stațiunii Sunny Beach la nord și întinzându-se de-a lungul golfului natural până la resortul Eleni.

Vremea este întotdeauna liniștită și calmă, fără furtuni, un oraș mic cu toate elementele de infrastructură necesară pe tot parcursul anului, cu noi plaje și un port. Totul este practic la o lungime de braț – restaurante excelente și zone comerciale.

Imediata apropiere a stațiunii Sveti Vlas de alte centre turistice din țară prezintă un altavantaj.Stațiunea se află la o distanță de 45 de minute de Aeroportul Internațional Burgas (41,5 km), la o distanță de 20 de minute de vechiuloraș Nessebar (10,4 km) și la doar 9 minute distanță cu automobilul de stațiunea Sunny Beach (5 km.) Aceasta permite turiștilor combinarea unei vacanțe în stațiunea Sveti Vlas cu vizitarea locurilor din orașele anticece prezintă interes cât și cu divertismentul din stațiunile din apropiere.

Ceea ce contează cel mai mult este aerul, de care practic, nu te poți bucura niciunde în lume- o combinație de briză de mare și aer de munte, care se concentrează în zona golfului și oprit de lanțul muntos face Sveti Vlas un loc cu adevărat unic pe întregul litoral bulgar.

Stațiunea Sveti Vlas este de asemenea, unică, datorită oportunităților pe care le oferă pentru o odihnă activă, atât pe uscat cât și pe mare: plajele noi și excursiile pe vase și iaht-uri, pescuitul maritim și călătoriile organizate până în Turcia. Pe de altă parte, se poate plimba în apropierea munților sau ieși la o plimbare cu bicicleta de-alungul traseelor ecologice pornind chiar de la hotel,sau se poate rezerva un Jeep Safari, ori lua lecții de hipism. Există multe locuri frumoase și interesante în apropiere.

Nu este o coincidență că acest loc poartă numele vindecătorului biblic Vlasia și a fost numit stațiune balneară și stațiune climatică în 1963.

ANNEX 3. Entertainment and sports – ST

At Macon, there is a cult of healthy lifestyle and sports. We have created all pre-conditions so that you may maintain your tone and improve your health in the generous Bulgarian sun.

We have provided for you:

– a small Olympic swimming pool of 25m length and 5 lanes, and also 2 open and 1 covered swimming pool

– two open sports grounds for tennis, basketball, football, and roller skate hockey

– beach volleyball court and bocce alley

– sports hall for practicing of various sports: karate and other martial arts, wrestling, gymnastics and dance classes

– street workout station and table tennis tables

– fitness hall fitted with professional training equipment

Apart from that you can rent sports equipment (bicycles, roller skates, tennis rackets and balls, golf clubs, etc.).

The sea is just a few walking minutes away and there you can engage in water sports: swimming, yachting, etc.

Along with promoting of healthy way of life our Company pays special attention to the sport-oriented development of the younger generation and children’s sports. That is one of our most important objectives.

Entertainment for Children and Adults

Hotel «Macon Residence Wellness & SPA» offers both children and adults various options for filling their spare time.

Our youngest guests can enjoy the children playgrounds fitted with swings and slides, and trampoline, football, tennis table and darts for older children.
Along with that, there are daily entertainment programs offering games, drawing classes, children’s disco parties, and karaoke for children and adults.

Organized trips, meeting of guests and departures

At the front office you can book services as transfer from/to the airport, car rental, coach trips, jeep safari, yacht trips, etc.

Divertisment și sport – TT

La Macon, există un cult al sportului și al stilului de viață sănătos. Am creat toate precondițiile, astfel încât să vă puteți menține tonusul și să vă îmbunătățiți sănătatea dumneavoastră sub soarele generos al Bulgariei.

Hotelul nostru prevede:

– piscină de 25 m lungime cu 5 benzi, precum și alte 2 piscine în aer liber și 1 piscină în interiorul hotelului;

– două terenuri sportive pentru tenis de câmp și un teren pentru baschet, fotbal și hochei pe role;

– teren pentru volei de plajăși o alee pentru bocce;

– sală pentru practicarea diferitor sporturi: karate și alte arte marțiale, lupte, gimnastică și dans;

– Stație pentru antrenamente în aer liber și mese pentru tenis de masă;

– Sala de fitness dotată cu echipament profesional;

Pe lângă toate se poate inchiria echipament sportiv (biciclete, role, rachete de tenis și mingi, crose de golf, etc.).

Marea este la doar câteva minute de mers pe jos unde puteți practica sporturile nautice: înot, yachting, etc.

Odată cu promovarea modului sănătos de viață, compania noastră acordă o deosebită atenție dezvoltării orientate spre sport a tinerei generații și sportului pentru copii. Acesta este unul dintre obiectivele noastre cele mai importante.

Divertisment pentru copii și adulți

Hotelul «Macon ResidenceWellness& SPA» oferă atât pentru copii cât și pentru adulți, diferite opțiuni pentru organizarea timpului liber.

Oaspeții noștri mai tineri se pot bucura de locurile de joacă pentru copii dotate cu leagăne și tobogane,trambulină, fotbal, tenis de masă și darts pentru copiii mai mari.

Pe lângă aceasta, programele de divertisment zilnice oferă cursuri de desen, petreceri, discotecă pentru copii și karaoke pentru copii și adulți.

Excursii organizate, ședințe pentru oaspeți și plecări

La front office puteți rezerva servicii de transfer de la și sprea eroport, închirieri auto, excursii cu autocarul, Jeep Safari, excursii cu iahtul, etc.

ANNEX 4. Front office department – ST

At the hub of the hotel world is the reception desk where most guest transactions take place. It is here that the guest is received, registered and assigned a room. Information, mail, messages, complaints and room accounts are all dealt with here. Therefore, to a large extent, the reception team is the key to an enjoyable and problem-free stay for the hotel guest. It is also the centre of attraction and money generation for the establishment. The front office department is the nerve centre, the hub and the heart of the hotel. Front office personnel have more contact with guests than staffs in other departments. This is the department where the guest first checks in and finally checks out of the hotel. The front office is the main communication centre. As it is the major revenue generating department, it is equipped with staffs of good quality and personality. The front office is the show window and hence it is furnished and maintained with good furniture and fittings. Front office is well designed in an orderly manner. Regardless of how the hotel is organized, the front office is always an essential “focal point”.

The front office is the main controlling centre of all guest services, and also coordinates the back office functions with these services. It serves as a main channel of two way communications i.e. from hotel to guest and guest to hotel. Front office is the name given to all the offices situated in the front of the house, that is, the lobby, where the guest is received, provided information, checked-in, his luggage is handled, his accounts are settled at departure, and his problems, complaints and suggestions are looked after. Foreign guests use the front desk to exchange currency, find a translator, or request other special assistance. The front desk often serves as the hotel control center for guest requests concerning housekeeping or engineering issues. In addition, it may also be a base of operations during an emergency, such as a fire or a guest injury.

Front office functions include reservations, registration, room and rate assignment, check-in, guest services, room status, maintenance and settlement of guest accounts and creation of guest history records. The front office compiles and maintains a comprehensive data base of guest information, coordinates guest services, and ensures guest satisfaction. These functions are accomplished by personnel in diverse areas of the front office department. The main functions of the front office department are:

1. During Guest Cycle: Pre arrival, arrival, ongoing responsibilities, departure and after departure activities.

2. Guest Services: Reservations, registration, occupancy services, checkout and history, maintain accurate room status information, process future room reservations, when there is no reservation department or when the reservation department is closed, coordinate guest services, provide information about the hotel, the surrounding community, and any attractions or events of interest to guests.

3. Guest Accounting: Establishment of credit, charge posting, night audit and settlement, maintain guest accounts and monitor credit limits, produce guest account statements and complete proper financial settlement.

The front office department of a hotel comprises of various sections. Depending on the size of the hotels, the sections may vary. In small or medium sized hotels the sections may be merged and handled accordingly. The following are the sections of the front office department.

1. Reservation Section is responsible for booking of rooms in advance. It is responsible for the receiving of the room requests, reservation analyzing and documentation of the room requests received. This section of the department depends upon the size of the hotel; if the hotel is small sized there may be not be a separate section for reservations. This section is mostly found in mid sized and large sized hotel.

2. Front Desk Section is responsible for receiving the guest, registering of the guest, assigning of room and room keys and remote controls for television and air conditioners if such services are available and assistance to the guest during their stay. They are also a source of information for government offices.

3. Bell Desk is mainly responsible for luggage handling of the guests. It consists of group of uniformed staff for guest services. This section is maintained separately in large hotels only.

4. Travel Desk Section handles the transportation facility of the hotel guest. It assists in the booking of air tickets, hiring of the car and other transportation facilities. It also arranges / organizes city tours, sightseeing tours to the guests on request.

5. Business Centers serve the guests with laptops, internet, mobiles, facsimile, LCD projectors, and photocopier and also on request secretarial facilities. This is the latest addition in the large and medium sized hotels, in line with the electronic era.

6. Concierge Section provides information about the hotel, its services and amenities, city, town, country, travel and transport, banks etc. They can also handle the guest luggage and bags if the hotel does not have the bell desk section. The receiving and distribution of mail and message, packets, news papers and magazines in the early mornings to guest room are also attended to. In addition, it may also handle the hiring of the car and booking of air tickets and other transportation facilities if there is no travel desk in the hotel.

7. Cashiering Section is responsible for maintaining and recording guest accounts and bills and folio of guest and either cash or credit settlement of guest folios at the time of departure.

8. Communication and Telephone Section handles the guest telephones and messages, both incoming and outgoing of the guest.

Departamentul recepție – TT

În centrul lumii unui hotel este recepția unde au loc mai multe tranzacții din partea oaspeților. Aici oaspeții sunt primți, înregistrați și li se atribuie o cameră. Informațiile, e-mail-uri, mesaje, plângeri și evidența camerelor, toate sunt administrate aici. Prin urmare, într-o mare măsură, echipa de recepție este cheia unei șederi plăcute și fără probleme pentru oaspeți. De asemenea, este centrul de atracție și generarea de bani pentru instituție. Departamentul recepție este sistemul nervos, punctul central și inima hotelului. Personalul recepției au mai mult contact cu persoanele decât personalul din alte departamente. Acesta este departamentul unde oaspeții se cazează și în cele din urmă pleacă din hotel. Recepția este centrul principal de comunicare. Așa cum este departamentul major generator de venituri, acesta este echipat cu personal de bună calitate și cu personalitate. Recepția este vitrina și, prin urmare, este mobilat șimenținut cu mobilier bun și accesorii. Recepția este bine proiectată într-o manieră ordonată. Indiferent de modul în care hotelul este organizat, recepția este întotdeauna un "punct focal" esențial.

Recepția este principalul centru de control al tuturor serviciilor pentru oaspeți și coordonează, de asemenea, funcțiile de back office cu aceste servicii. Ea servește ca un canal principal de comunicare pe două nivele adică de la hotel la oaspete și oaspete la hotel. Recepția este numele dat tuturor oficiilor situate în partea din față a clădirii, care este, vestibulul, unde este primit oaspetele, îi sunt furnizate informații, cazat, rezolvată problema bagajului, conturile sale sunt decontate la plecare, cât și problemele sale, reclamații și sugestii sunt luate în vedere. Oaspeții străini utilizează recepția drep tmijloc de schimb valutar, găsesc un traducător, sau solicită alt tip de asistență specială. Recepția de multe ori servește ca centrul de control al hotelului pentru cererile oaspeților privind problemele de menaj sau de inginerie. În plus, aceasta poate fi, de asemenea, o bază de operațiuni în timpul unei situații de urgență, cum ar fi un incendiu sau un traumatism al oaspeteului.

Funcțiile recepției includ rezervări, înregistrări, alocarea camerelor și ratelor, servicii destinate clienților, starea camerelor, întreținerea și lichidarea conturilor clienților și crearea istoricului de înregistrări. Recepția compilează și menține o bază de date cuprinzătoare de informații despre oaspete, coordonează serviciile clienților și asigură satisfacția clienților. Aceste funcții sunt realizate de personal în diverse domenii ale departamentului recepție. Principalele funcții ale departamenului recepție sunt:

1. În timpul ciclului de deservire a oaspeților: responsabilitățile până la sosire /la sosire/ pe parcursul sejurului, activități la plecare/după plecare

2. Servicii pentu oaspeți: Rezervari, înregistrare, servicii de cazare temporară, plecări și istoric, menținerea informațiilor exacte despre starea camerelor, proces de rezervări ale camerelor pe viitor, atunci când nu există nici un departament de rezervare sau în cazul în care departamentul de rezervare este închis, coordonarea serviciilor clienților,

Furnizarea informațiilor despre hotel ,comunitatea din jur, precum și orice atracții sau evenimente de interes pentru vizitatori.

3. Contabilitate: Stabilire credit, stabilirea taxei de postare, audit de noapteși de decontare, menținerea conturilor clienților și monitorizarea limită de credit, prezentarea extraselor de cont ale cliențilorși de decontare financiară adecvată completă.

Departamentul recepție a unui hotel cuprinde diverse secțiuni. În funcție de mărimea hotelurilor, secțiunile pot varia. În hotelurile mici sau mijlocii secțiunile pot fi fuzionate și tratate corespunzător. Secțiunile departamentului recepție:

1. Secțiunea Rezervare este responsabilă pentru rezervarea camerelor în avans. Aceasta este responsabilă pentru primirea solicitărilor de camere, analizarea rezervărilor și documentarea solicitărilor de camere primite. Această secțiune a departamentului depinde de mărimea hotelului; în cazul în care hotelul este de mici dimensiuni s-arputea să nu existe o secțiune separată pentru rezervări. Această secțiune este în cea mai mare parte gasită la hotelurile de dimensiuni medii și mari.

2. Secțiunea Recepție este responsabilă pentru primirea oaspeților, înregistrarea oaspeților, înmânarea cheilor de la camere și telecomenzilor pentru televiziune și de aer condiționat dacă aceste servicii sunt disponibile și de asistență pentru oaspeți în timpul sejuruluilor. Este, de asemenea, o sursă de informare pentru birourile guvernamentale.

3. Bell Desk este în principu responsabil de administrarea bagajelor oaspeților. Este alcătuit dintr-un grup de personal în uniformă pentru serviciile clienților. Această secțiune este menținută separat în hotelurile mari.

4. Secțiunea Biroului de Turism se ocupă de facilitarea de transport pentru oaspeți. Acesta oferă servicii de rezervări de bilete de avion, închiriereri auto și alte facilități de transport. De asemenea, aranjează / organizeaza tururi prin orașe, tururi de vizitare pentru clienți la dorință.

5. Centrele de Afaceri deservesc oaspeții cu laptop-uri, internet, telefoane mobile, fax, proiectoare LCD și fotocopiator și de asemenea, la cerere, facilități de secretariat. Aceasta este cea mai recentă secțiune în hotelurile mari și mijlocii, datorită epocii electronice.

6. Secțiunea de Concierge conține informații despre hotel, serviciile sale și facilități, municipiu, oraș, țară, de călătoriiși de transport, bănci etc. Ea se poate ocupa, de asemenea și de bagajele oaspeților dacă hotelul nu conține secțiunea Bell Desk. Primirea și distribuirea corespondenței și mesajelor, coletelor, ziarelor și revistelor dimineața devreme în camere. În plus, de asemenea, închirieri auto și rezervări de bilete de avion și alte facilități de transport în cazul în care nu există nici un birou de turism în hotel.

7. Secțiunea de Casă este responsabilă pentru menținerea și înregistrarea conturilor oaspeților și facturilor în folio și numerar a oaspeților sau de credit de decontare în folio din partea oaspeților în momentul plecării.

8. Secțiunea de Comunicare și Telefonie constituie apelurile telefonice și mesajele de la și către oaspeți.

ANNEX 5. General information on Macon Residence Wellness & SPA – ST

All accommodation units feature a balcony, a flat-screen TV and a fully-equipped kitchenette. The rooms face the pool, sea or a park. The private bathrooms are fitted with a shower, free toiletries and a hairdryer. Free Wi-Fi is available in all areas.

A bar is available at the property. In the à la carte restaurant guests can enjoy a buffet breakfast and international cuisine.

On site, a tennis court and fitness centre is available for a surcharge. For relaxation, guests can enjoy the spa facilities for an extra charge. Also bicycle rental and a children’s playground are available.

The centre of Sunny beach can be found at a distance of 5.5 km. The Burgas Airport is 35 km away and an airport shuttle can be arranged upon request at an additional charge.

Amenities of Macon Residence

Outdoors-BBQ Facilities, Outdoor Pool (seasonal)

Activities-Tennis Court, Ping-Pong, Sauna, Fitness Center, Spa, Massage, Hot Tub, Turkish/Steam Bath, Indoor Pool (seasonal), Bicycle Rental, Playground, Entertainment Staff

Food & Drink-Bar, Restaurant with Dining Menu

Internet Free! WiFi is available in public areas and is free of charge.

WiFi is available in the hotel rooms and charges apply.

Parking Free! Free private parking is available on site (reservation is not needed).

Services Airport Shuttle (surcharge), 24-Hour Front Desk, Baggage Storage, Meeting/Banquet Facilities

General Safe, Non-smoking Rooms, Family Rooms, Elevator

Languages spoken English, Russian

Policies of Macon Residence

Check-in: From 14:00

Check-out: Until 12:00

Cancelation/ prepayment-Cancelation and prepayment policies vary according to room type. Please enter the dates of your stay and check what conditions apply to your preferred room.

Children All children are welcome.

Extra Beds Extra beds are not available. The maximum number of cribs in a room is 1.

Any type of extra bed or crib is upon request and needs to be confirmed by management.

Informație generală despre Macon Residence Wellness & SPA – TT

Având piscină în aer liber, cu șezlonguri gratuite și umbrele de soare, precum și o piscină interioară sezonieră, Macon Residence se află la doar 550 de metri de coasta Mării Negre, în Vlas. Oferă camere cu aer condiționat și un restaurant.

Toate unitățile de cazare sunt dotate cu balcon, TV cu ecran plat și chicinetă complet echipată. Camerele au vedere la piscină, mare sau un parc. Băile private includ duș, articole de toaletă gratuite și uscător de păr. Internetul Wi-Fi este disponibil gratuit în toate zonele.

Proprietatea pune la dispoziție un bar. În restaurantul à la carte puteți savura un mic dejun tip bufet și preparate din bucătăria internațională.

Reședința oferă teren de tenis, iar un centru de fitness este disponibil la un cost suplimentar. Pentru relaxare, oaspeții se pot bucura de facilități spa la un cost suplimentar. De asemenea, sunt disponibile închiriere de biciclete și un loc de joacă pentru copii.

Centrul stațiunii Sunny Beach se află la 5,5 km. Aeroportul Burgas este la 35 km, iar un transfer de la/la aeroport poate fi aranjat la cerere și la un cost suplimentar.

Facilități oferite de Macon Residence

Exterior-grătar, piscină în aer liber (deschisă în sezon);

Activități: teren de tenis, tenis de masă, saună, sală de fitness, spa & centru de wellness, masaj, cadă cu hidromasaj, baie turcească/baie de aburi, piscină interioară (deschisă în sezon), închirieri biciclete, teren de joacă pentru copii, animatori;

Mâncăruri și băuturi-bar, restaurant (à la carte);

Internet Gratuit! Internet wireless este disponibil în zone publice și este gratuit.

Internet wireless este disponibil în camerele hotelului și se aplică taxe;

Parcare Gratuit! Este posibilă parcarea privată gratuit la proprietate (nu este necesară rezervare);

Servicii-transfer de la/la aeroport (contra cost), recepție deschisă nonstop, cameră de bagaje, săli de conferință și petreceri;

General-seif, camere pentru nefumători, camere de familie, lift;

Limbi vorbite-rusă, engleză.

Politicile de la Macon Residence

Check-in: Începând cu ora 14:00

Check-out: Până la ora 12:00

Anulare/ plată în avans

Politica de anulare și plată în avans variază în funcție de tipul camerei. Vă rugăm să introduceți datele șederii dvs. și să verificați condițiile camerei cerute de dvs.

Copii-Toți copiii sunt bineveniți

Paturi suplimentare-Nu sunt disponibile paturi suplimentare.

Capacitatea maximă pentru pătuțuri într-o cameră este: 1

Orice tip de pat suplimentar sau pătuț de copil este furnizat la cerere și trebuie să fie confirmat de hotel.