Organic Agriculture : Advantages and Current Challenges [622455]

UNIVERSITATEA DE ȘTIINȚE AGRONOMICE ȘI MEDICINĂ
VETERINARĂ DIN BUCUREȘTI
Facultatea de Management, Inginerie Economică în Agricultură și
Dezvoltare Rurală
Master
: Agribusiness,
anul
II
Organic Agriculture : Advantages and Current Challenges
Masterand: [anonimizat] –anul 2, grupa 1

Organic Agriculture:
advantages and current
challenges
Organic Agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of
soils, ecosystems
and
people. It
relies on
ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with
adverse effects. Organic Agriculture combines
tradition, innovation
and
science
to benefit the shared
environment and promote
fair relationships
and a good
quality of life
for all involved.”
(
General Assembly of
IFOAM
–
Organics International)

Introduction
•Nowadays, with the modernization and industrialization
developing at strong rates, conventional agriculture has
become more of a business rather than a way to supply the
population with real, clean, safe -to consume food. Thankfully,
people are starting to see reason and realize that now, more
than ever, we need to go back to the roots of traditional,
sustainable farming if we are to feed our and the future
generations with quality nutrition. The only way we can
achieve that is to support organic agriculture
•Organic farming promotes sustainable, diversified and
balanced production systems, in order to prevent crop and
environmental pollution. Organic production in plant culture,
without the use of harmful traditional products, has been of
special concern for several decades in economically developed
countries. Interest in organic products and production is also
growing in our country

Introduction
•Inorder toextend theorganic farming system inRomania, national legislative
regulations have been established regarding the production, processing and
capitalization oforganic agri-food products, inaccordance with the
international norms inthis regard .Among them, wemention :Government
Emergency Ordinance no.34/2000 ,respectively Law no.38/2001 ;H.G.no.
917/2001 forthe approval ofthe methodological norms forapplying these
regulations (including theannexes tothemethodological norms) etc.Forthe
implementation ofthese provisions
•National Authority forOrganic Products (ANPE) works, asaspecialized service
within theMinistry ofAgriculture, Food, Forestry and theEnvironment, which
ensures compliance with allspecific legal provisions and ensures control over
theorganic product methods ofagri-food products .
•The technologies ofthe field plants are elaborated inthe spirit ofthese
regulations, economically efficient and clean, with the prevention of
environmental deterioration and the maintenance ofthe fundamental
resources ofagriculture .Itisadvisable toplace thecrops inisolation onthe
plots converted toorganic farming, after the best precursors, some which
also improve soil fertility (such aslegumes and green fertilizers), use only
fertilizers allowed inorganic farming and exclude allpesticides that pollute
theproduction .and theenvironment .
•Diseases, pests and weeds in this culture system, are fought by cultivating the most resistant varieties / hybrids, through a ppropriate
isolation, mechanical and physical control procedures, protecting the useful entomofauna etc. The technological solutions env isaged are
based on the knowledge of the elements of plant biology, orienting the specialist in their application in different climatic and soil conditions.
The optimum vegetation conditions, the whole complex of phytotechnical measures are highlighted, in order to increase the photosynthetic
yield of useful biomass production and to highlight the genetic potential of the cultivated varieties and hybrids.

Agricultural systems
•The agricultural system represents aset ofsectors,
technologies, machines and technological aggregates, in
which thesoil isused asthemain production resource
foragricultural crops, orchards, vineyards, vegetables,
flowers and foranimal husbandry .The structure ofthe
sectors may differ from one farm toanother .InEurope,
intheagricultural field, depending onthetechnologies
used, their level ofintensification, specialization, the
quantity and quality ofthe biomass, the relationships
with the environment, etc.,different agricultural
systems are practiced :sustainable, conventional,
biological, organic ,precision, extensive .
•Organic farming has emerged asanalternative tothe
intensive, conventional (industrialized) practice of
agriculture based onmaximizing production through the
use ofinputs, energy -intensive production boosters in
large quantities, with theaim ofcontinuously increasing
agricultural production, for aconstantly increasing,
mainly urban population .

Agricultural systems
•Emphasizing intensification factors such as:theuseinlarge quantities of
synthetic fertilizers with rapid input and accessibility on plants,
mobilization ofnutritional and biotic reserves inthesoil, through drastic
interventions onthesoil, introduction into thegenome ofcrop plants of
genes ofresistance todiseases, pests and weeds through theso-called
genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which have animpact on
biodiversity and biotic balance insoil, water, atmosphere and
agricultural products have had particularly serious consequences by
gradually decreasing the organic matter content inthe soil, through
deterioration ofthe soil structure, byincreasing the risk oferosion,
reducing the number ofrepresentatives ofthe mesofauna (rhymes,
colemboles ),byincreasing thedegree ofcompaction and settlement of
the soil and, finally, bythe significant reduction ofitsnatural fertility .
Above the environment, serious damage was caused bypollution with
nitritesand nitrates insurface and groundwater, byaccumulation of
toxic substances insoil, feed and agricultural products with serious
consequences on human and animal health .Asaresult ofthe
penetration oftoxins inthesoil-plant -animal -human circuit, irreversible
mutations have occurred onthe micro, meso and macrobiotic fauna,
with consequences onthe millennial balance ofthe environment and
especially onhuman health .

Organic Agriculture
•Theoretical principles of the organic farming system were
founded in the 30 -40s of our century by Sir Albert Howard
and Lady Eva Balfour. For the version used in the United
Kingdom and Ireland, the name of "organic agriculture" has
ceased, while the system applied in the USA is called
"organic farming" (Rodale, 1942) with the mutation of this
system which has become today "sustainable agriculture".
As a defining element, the system excludes from
agricultural practice the use of all non -renewable natural
resources, including fossil energy.
•The system of organic agriculture has as theoretical basis
the full use of the natural fertility of the soil and of the
factors that favor it. The nutritional material for the plants
in the crop is provided by the legumes from the soil, and
the mineral elements from the deeper layers of the soil are
brought to the surface by the use in the soil of plants with
deep roots. It is also used in tandem, groups of plants with
different input and requirements regarding macro and
microelements ( egthe association of legumes -herbs).
Particular attention is paid to soil life, especially the
mycorrhizae complex, which increases the accessibility of
plants to the face of mineral elements (especially P), also
playing a protective role on the plant against soil
pathogens .

Organic Agriculture
The principles and practices behind organic farming have been expressed concisely in the standards document of the
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement (IFOAM).
According to these IFOAM standards, organic farming has the role:
• to produce food of high quality and in sufficient quantity;
• working with natural systems;
• to encourage and strengthen biological cycles within the agricultural system;
• to maintain and increase the long -term fertility of the soils;
• to use as much renewable resources as possible in agricultural systems;
• to work as much as possible in a closed system;
• to ensure all living conditions for animals to enable them to fulfill all aspects of their inborn behavior;
• Avoid all forms of pollution that may result from agricultural techniques;
• To maintain the genetic diversity of the agricultural system and its surroundings, including protection plants and wild
habitats;
• Toallow agricultural producers to obtain adequate income and satisfaction from their work, including ensuring a safe
job.

Organic Agriculture
Organic farming can be defined as a production
system that largely avoids or excludes the use of
synthetic compound fertilizers, pesticides,
growth regulators and feed additives. Organic
farming systems are based on crop rotation, use
of crop residues, animal manure, manure, off –
farm organic waste. The concept of soil as a living
system that favors the activities of useful
organisms is the center of this definition of
organic farming.
This definition can be divided into 3 parts:
• What organic farmers do not do;
• What positive things they do;
• An indication of the vision underlying the soil
as a living system through which the farmer, in
harmony with nature, they should seek to
develop them .

Why organic farming ?
The traditional aim ofmaximizing agricultural production iscounteracted byagreat
concern about the rural and the environment and the fact that limited natural
resources need tobebetter managed .Atthesame time, subsidized overproduction in
Europe has brought aflow ofunbearable financial strain aswell asnumerous political
contradictions .
While increased productivity hasresulted infood self-sufficiency and surplus inEurope,
theactual cost ofsupport fortheCAP (Common Agricultural Policies) hasincreased by
28%since themid-1970 s,while farm incomes have declined bynearly 50.%.Dramatic
changes inagricultural practices have resulted inaloss ofnatural habitat and species
(ega1/5loss ofliving fences and more than ¾ofwetland habitats) .
The major questions and criticisms ofmodern intensive agricultural practice refer tothe
fact that it:
•damages thesoilstructure ;
•damages thenatural environment ;
•Creates potential risks offoodborne illness ;
•Reduced thequality ofthefood ;
•Itisanenergy -intensive system ;
•Itinvolves systems ofintensive animal production that areethically unacceptable .
Organic farming has apositive contribution inallthese fields, contributing tothe
conservation of soil structure, soil, microorganisms and insects, soil and
environmental protection .

Organic Agriculture in Europe
•Insome developed countries organic farming isanimportant market
segment .Annually there isanincrease inthe value oforganic products,
between 20-30%.Inthe European Union, more than 3.7million hectares
were cultivated according toecological technologies, in2001 (2.9%ofthe
agricultural area used) .InDenmark, in2002 ,300 thousand hectares (10%of
the area) were cultivated inanecological system ;inthe UK, 3%ofthe
agricultural area used was cultivated ;inGermany, the value oforganic
products represented 3.8billion USD ;InFrance, the market fororganic
products isgrowing (USD 2.5billion, in2002 ,intotal production) .The French
Government has drawn upamulti -annual program forthedevelopment of
organic agriculture, onthe basis ofwhich itaims tobecome the main
European supplier oforganic products (Zahiu Letiition 2004 ).
•Itisexpected that atEUlevel, thesurface oforganic crops willexceed 10%of
thetotal .
•Council Regulation (EEC) no.2092 /91established the framework forthe
production, marketing and support oforganic farming inthe EU.Itwas
subsequently completed and developed .
•The recognition ofthe organic production system atEUlevel iscurrently
based ontheEEC Regulation no.2029 /1999 ,based onwhich new measures
ofdevelopment ofthis sector areestablished .
•InMay 2002 ,theEuropean Parliament asked theEuropean Commission to
develop adirective that would bethe basis ofaprogram forre-evaluating
and reducing pesticides used since 2003 and focusing onanew concept,
namely "Sustainable use ofpesticides" (EUDirective 41/414 /EEC) .Under
this directive, allactive substances ofpesticides that were authorized before
1993 will besubject toreview, using new test methods ontoxicity and
environmental impact .

Organic Agriculture in Romania
InRomania, theconcerns fortheinstitutional organization ofthemarket fororganic products areembodied inthe
legislation and institutions harmonized with those operating intheEU(Zahiu Lition 2004 .)
The Ministry ofAgriculture, Forests and Rural Development has adopted the basic legislative and institutional
framework, partly harmonized with theEUregulations inthis field, necessary forthedevelopment ofthecontrolled
ecological agriculture, materialized in:
•Government Emergency Ordinance no.34/2000 regarding organic food products, approved byLaw no.38ofMarch
7,2001 .
•Government Decision no.917 ofSeptember 132001 forapproving the Methodological Norms forapplying the
provisions oftheGovernment Emergency Ordinance no.34/2000 onorganic food products .This includes therules
and principles oforganic production forplants and plant products, animals and beekeeping, the listofproducts
allowed foruse inorganic farming, theingredients and processing methods that can beused inthepreparation of
organic foods, themaximum number ofanimals perhectare and theareas .minimum animal shelters .
•Government Decision no.677/2001 regarding theestablishment oftheFood Bioresources Institute .
•Order oftheMinister ofAgriculture, Food and Forests no.70/2002 regarding theestablishment oftheCommission
forthedevelopment oforganic farming inRomania .
Common Order no.417/110/2002 oftheMinister ofAgriculture, Food and Forests and oftheNational Authority for
Consumer Protection approved thespecific rules regarding thelabeling oforganic agri-food products .
ORDER -No.219 of21.03.2007 fortheapproval oftheRules regarding theregistration ofoperators inorganic farming .
These normative acts establish the authority responsible fororganic farming, the general rules and principles of
organic production, theduration oftheconversion period, thelabeling, theinspection and certification system, the
sanctions that apply tothose who deviate from these rules .They also establish the rules and principles oforganic
production, the listofproducts allowed tobeused inorganic farming, aswell asthe ingredients and processing
methods that canbeused inthepreparation oforganic foods .

Organic Agriculture in Romania
The basic principles oforganic food production inRomania, according totheEmergency Ordinance
no.34/2000 ,are:
•elimination ofanypolluting technologies ;
•production structures and isolations, inwhich the main role isplayed bybreeds, species and
varieties with high adaptability ;
•continuous support and improvement ofthesoil's natural fertility ;
•integrating thegrowth ofanimals intheproduction system ofplants and plant products ;
•economical use ofconventional energy resources and their replacement largely byrational use of
reusable secondary products ;
•application oftechnologies forboth plant cultivation and animal breeding, which meet theneeds of
species, varieties and breeds .
The duration oftheconversion period ofconventional products into organic ones varies from three
years forperennial crops and plantations, to10weeks forbirds purchased attheageofthree days .
Inestablishing the production rules stipulated inthe Ordinance, itwas considered torespect the
principles oforganic food production contained intheCouncil Regulation (EEC) no.2092 /1991 and in
the amendments thereto, the Council Regulation no.1804 /1999 ,aswell asthe regulations ofthe
International Federation forthePromotion ofOrganic Agriculture (INFOAM) .
The National Authority forOrganic Products was established within MAPDR, asaspecialized service
that ensures compliance with thespecific legal provisions and thecontrol regarding themethods of
organic production inthe agri-food sector .Aregional structure was also created, with one
responsible fororganic production ineach county .

Organic Agriculture in Romania
•Anational Inspection and Certification Body hasalso been
setupfortheinstitutional preparation forintegration into
European structures .Foreign inspection and certification
bodies that carry out such activities onthe territory of
Romania have also been accredited .
•Recently the National Federation forOrganic Agriculture
was established inRomania .Intheperiod 2000 -2004 ,the
transposition ofthe Community legislation into the
national legislation was carried out(Zahiu Letiitia 2004 ).
•The legislative and institutional concerns areaccompanied
bythe expansion ofthe organic production and the
formation ofthe internal market ofthese products .The
evolution ofthe cultivated surfaces inthe ecological
system isasfollows :
••17438 hacultivated in2000 ;
••57200 hacultivated in2003 ;
••75,500 ha,cultivated, in2004 ;
••140000 ha,cultivated, cultivated in2007Specific ation MU Achieved
2000 2001 2002
1. Total Area ha 17438 28800 43850
Cereal s ha 4000 8000 12000
Feed Crops andPastures Ha 9300 14000 20000
OilandProtein ha 4000 6000 10000
Vegetables ha 38 400 1000
Fruit ha – – 50
Berries ha 50 100 300
Other crops ha 50 300 500Evolution of certified surfaces in organic farming
Specific ation Achieved
2000 2001 2002
1. Total Quantity
d.c:13.502 24.400 38.900
Cereal s 7.200 12.500 15.000
OilandProtein 5.500 7.200 12.000
Vegetables 600 4.000 10.000
Fruit – – 200
Berries 200 400 1.200
Other Crops 2 300 500Evolution of biologically certified productions
Source : Agriculture of Romania, MAAP ,
Bucharest , 2003

The organic movement in the world
•Organic farmers to succeed in an indifferent and occasionally hostile environment, have become confident in
their own strength, often trying and failing, but learning. During this time, they also learned the need to
cooperate and share their experience.
•In the early 1980s, the Elm Farm Research Center was established to research and develop the field of organic
products. It has established close links with universities and other research institutions in the UK and Europe.
•Biodynamic producers are represented in the UK by the Bio -Dynamic Agricultural Association, while gardeners
benefit greatly from the existence of the Henry Doubleday Research Association, at the National Center for
Organic Gardening near Coventry. The number and diversity of organizations within the organic movement
that is reflected internationally, both numerically and in terms of opinions that differ obviously, are gathered in
IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement). IFOAM sets basic standards
•which will be adopted by national organizations and monitor these national standards to allow participation in
international trade. In addition, IFOAM encourages the exchange of information and ideas through
conferences, research seminars and through its own magazines in circulation languages ​​and through the
IFOAM bulletin.
•The idea behind organic farming has been around since 1920, after which it has evolved considerably and
continues to evolve as new scientific research becomes available, but retaining the fundamental philosophical
perspective of working with natural systems and respecting the environment that supports us.
•The organic movement announces a change in agriculture that occurs simultaneously in any developed
agricultural nation in the world. Organic farming is far from a return to the past, it is in fact an agriculture for
the future.

The market for organic products
Different studies, carried out by Sylvander and Daquet , on the consumption of “bio products” in the European Union countries, show us
the level of consumption of these products, located between 3 and 13% for permanent consumers and between 23 and 53% for occa sional
consumers . The development of the organic products market in the European Union countries is based on several factors:
• The existence of organized production, transformation and marketing chains;
• The existence of a potential market not covered by production. If we take into account, the percentage to the permanent and occasional
bio consumers, located between 3 and 53%, we can appreciate that there is one high percentage of casual consumers, who could become
permanent in the near future, in conditions for the existence of commercial policies for attracting them.
The "bio products" are found on the market with conventional products and with products with a "Bio image" such as farmer products,
clean products (integrated agriculture) dietary products and red -labeled products.
"Organic products" are relatively well known in the European Union. A study by Daquet shows that 37.7% of consumers give an exact
definition of a bio product and 21.3% give a close definition. Due to the large price difference between "organic products" a nd conventional
ones, the difference between 110 and 350% we can talk about a segmentation of the market for organic products.
Sylvander presents two major categories of consumers:
• The first category, of the permanent consumers, is composed of higher education staff working generally in the public admin istration,
knowledgeable of the legislative framework and of young people who generally live in the urban environment;
• The second category is composed of intermediate professions between the first category and the working professions, consist ingof
young people in particular. The basic consideration that motivates the decision is the absence of chemical residues and a cer tain affinity for
the environmental problems. The big difference in price for a particular product, can even lead to the modification of the pu rchase
decision, taking into account the lower salaries of this category

The market for organic products
Another study, conducted by Daquet , segments
the market into 4 categories of “consumers bio "
•Military consumers (These are permanent
consumers of convinced „bio products ” of this
agriculture)
•Consumers of „organic farmer products”.
(Consumers are looking for the authenticity of a
product and a return to the past);
•Dietary Consumers (Consumers are looking for a
cure for the disease or a food more healthy for
the body);
•““ Newcomers ”consumers (Their motivation lies
in the protection concerns environment, taste of
the product, its shape, etc…).

The market for organic products -development
The development ofamarket for organic products can be
achieved through thecreation ofcommercial policies adapted to
the specific ofeach region, taking into account the degree of
urbanization, theexisting professional categories, thedegree of
environmental damage and implicitly the sensitivity ofthe
inhabitants ofanarea tothis problem .
The outlook fortheorganic products market isfavorable, with all
thelimits currently inplace .Supporting these products isnotyet
stimulating .Bythe Government Decisions no.1593 /2003 and
no.1594 /2003 payments aremade onproduct of:600 lei/kg
wheat, 400 lei/kgvegetables forhuman consumption, 7000 lei
/kgbeef, 10,000 lei/kgpork, 7000 lei/kgpoultry meat, 1000
Euro /egg.This support isgranted forlimited quantities of
products .
There are great prospects for organic products on the
Community market .Inthe future, sorting diversification is
required tomeet the demands ofconsumers .The exploitation
structures and the large workforce inagriculture provide a
favorable environment for organic production, which finds
important market niches inthe European Union and other
countries .

The market for organic products -development
Significant advantages can beobtained asaresult ofextensive
production systems ortheorganization oforganic farms .But organic
production and extension have limits inallcountries .Allthemore so
inthecase ofRomania, where extensive agriculture ispracticed .On
theother hand, organic production islimited byhigh prices and low
purchasing power ofthepopulation .
Organic farming isanopportunity forRomania, butitcannot become
analternative fordevelopment because thelow level ofyields does
notprovide thedomestic consumption requirement .
Although the prices oforganic products are higher than those of
conventional products, thelarge area of​​subsistence households and
the lack oftechnical and technological modernization cause high
costs that canhardly becovered .Ontheother hand, thelow level of
income ofthepopulation causes that theconsumer requirements are
directed toproducts obtained inintensive production systems, whose
prices aremuch lower .

The market for organic products -development
The formation of a strong sector of organic agricultural production for the internal market requires time, entrepreneurial ed ucation,
important investments in the marketing and transport infrastructure, in the control and certification of products. These prod ucts can
more easily find niche markets in Western European countries.
The internal market for organic products can become functional at lower costs with efforts to educate the consumption behavio r of
the population and increase the incomes.
MAPDR's concerns for the development of organic farming have intensified lately.
Actions for:
• strengthening the institutional construction;
• increase of the cultivated areas in ecological system on 140000 ha, in 2007;
• development of the internal market of organic products and creation of an available one for export to different assortments ;
• extension of scientific research on organic farming;
• control of organic production;
• granting premiums to the agricultural producers during the production convexity period and a support through the SAPARD pro gram
regarding the protection of the environment and the preservation of the natural landscape;
• the professional training of the personnel in different components of the organic products chain, etc.
The principles of sustainable development of the rural space in ecological level, must be in accordance with the economic, so cial
development and avoid environmental degradation (Nicoleta Mateoc -Sîrb, 2002).

Challenges before organic agriculture practices
#1
First, let’s paysome attention to
the necessity of preventing
conventional agriculture
practices from contaminating
organic farms .This isacrucial
point, because inorder for
something tobeclassified as
organic and get that premium
price that people pay with their
good earned money,
organizations and organic
companies have toabsolutely
guarantee consumers that
there’s nopesticide residue on
their products .Inthesame time
ifthere’s any contamination
from neighboring farmers who
are using pesticides, then
organic farmers can’t sell their
produce as organic atthat
moment .That doesn’t sound
fair. In that reference,
Supporters oforganics believe
that the either the neighboring
farmer who’s contaminating the
crops or the company that
provides the chemicals should
compensate the sustainable
farmer#2
Though more modern organic practices
are stepping forward for producing
higher yields, the growing organic
market and the current production
temps represent achallenge which
leads tothe costs oforganic products
being higher than those ofmass
production .Cultivation costs are also
higher because more time and energy
isrequired togrow organic food
#3
Supply -Demand correlation issuffering a
mismatch .Aswesaid, growing demand and
limited supply augment the pressure on
organic produce .Location -specific hybrid
production strategies canbeasolution tothis
problem by making organic food more
mainstream .What adds tothe price ofthe
end products are things like:specialized
training ofthefarmers, special processing and
packaging, storage, logistics and distribution
costs .Despite that, ifcompanies invest and
strive for achieving excellence inallthose
areas, that will ease the reduction ofcosts,
hence prices offinal items#4
Another issue appears tobethe
shortage ofchoices and diversity
inmore segments ofthe food
and drink market .Buyers would
like tohave more options when
shopping rather than paying a
little more forcertain types of
food, when the rest they
consume is non-organic .
Unfortunately, organically
cultivated crop fields areasmall
part ofthewhole acreage ofthe
crops .The pleasant news isthat
organic food categories have
grown their number to200,with
products like fruits, vegetables,
herbs and spices, flours, tea,
cereals, honey, milk etc.What’s
also crucial tothe development
and increase of organic
categories isaprecise regular
audit and cross -contamination
prevention#5
Many farmers are skeptical about running
asustainable natural farm due tothe higher
production costs, aswell asthe3-year transition
time period when farmers are onhold before
having their farms certified .The good thing isthat
thisproblem was discussed, particularly intheUS
by food manufacturers that offer financial
incentives tocompensate thetransition period .For
example, Kashi has created aseal“Certified
Transitional ”tolabel products originating from farm
houses intransition .Ardent Mills pays farmers
greater remuneration forfoods grown onland in
organic transition .Atlast, butdefinitely notleast,
one ofthemajor issues with promoting organic
agricultural practices isthestrong presence offake
organic products on the market .Counterfeit
products have ahuge negative impact because
they shakeconsumers’ trust.The Government,
however, hasestablished strict penalties forselling
non-genuine organic output .Organic farmersaren’t
able tosave their produce using pesticides aspart
ofthe traditional agriculture .Once again, the
Government has thetask topersuade research
institutions, biologist, chemists, and agricultural
scientists tocome upwith organic herbicides .https://organicpowerfoods.com/

Conclusions
The sustainable development of the rural area
represents not only the obtaining of good quality and non –
polluting products, but also the assistance of the process of
processing the products of processing of agricultural
products into food products, based on the technological
procedures of manufacture. realization of investment
projects, economic efficiency indicators, profitability of
capitalization and extraction yields of useful substance,
following the economic development. Sustainable
development strategies force processors to analyze their
projects and from an ecological point of view , which usually
leads to higher costs. In conclusion, we mention that it is
necessary that the economic activity must also be analyzed
in terms of its environmental effects.
Organic organic farming is a modern alternative to
developing traditional agriculture and adapting to industrial
agriculture ( T.Iancu , 2007). The increase in demand for
organic products in recent years has made this system
widely known and growing at an increasing rate of
development .

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