International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online) [619849]

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

Page | 14
Research Publish Journals Design , Simulate and Analyze Cafeteria System
Using Arena
M.Nizam Aqil
Industrial Engineering Department, University Of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Pakistan
Abstract : An effort is made to simulate and analyze Local Cafeteria and to increase profit using software Arena
(Student: [anonimizat]) . Arena logics are made to express complex conditions . New methodologies are designed towards
resource management and cost analysis in a multifunct ional Cafeteria system. Control and enterprise complex
structure using Arena improves not only efficiency of a system but also aids towards proper understanding of
organizational management .
Keywords: arena, simulation, cafeteria management, system management .
1. INTRODUCTION
This paper presents ways to design a general Cafeteria system, having complex belongings, in a simple way for proper
understanding and optimization of Cafeterias around the globe using software arena (student: [anonimizat]). Managin g cafeteria
is a problem for many but it can be overcome by doing simulation of it and getting concrete analysis from simulation
model. By using arena we can see and analyze how much baristas we need for proper management of cafeteria as well as
how much sitting tables or chairs we need for proper flow of customers. We can not only improve ongoing Cafeteria but
design a new properly managed cafeteria.
Study and research is made to design an optimal ongoing or new cafeteria using arena. Complex conditions a re defined in
arena logics for proper understanding of system.
2. DATA COLLECTION
The study is based on layout of normal Cafeterias with counters, varieties of drink s or food items , Table or chairs for
customers and baristas . Simple looking cafeterias have complex systems i.e. Variation in arrival of customer per hour,
Baristas on different time shifts , Tables or chair different for different variety of customers , Different queue at differe nt
locations in Cafeteria .
Below is data collected from a loc al cafeteria with all complex condition t hat normally each Cafeteria has
Cafeteria timing : 7a.m. – 8p.m.
Time and customers arrival rate:
Time Customer arrival rate
7a.m. -10a.m. 20/hour
10 a.m. – 12p.m. 25/hour
12 p.m. – 4p.m. 30/hour
4 p.m. – 8p.m. 35/hour
Types of customers:
Three types of customers arrive in a day about which 30% ar e Individuals, 40% are Pair or couples and 30% are groups of
four.

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals Tables for Sit i n Customers:
There are 8 chairs for Individuals, 2 tables for pairs or couple and 1 table for group of 4 .
Staff Members at Cafeteria:
Staff Members Salary / Hour Shift during which they are available
Staff Member # 1 $7 7a.m. – 8p.m.
Staff Member # 2 $7 7a.m. – 8p.m.
Staff Member # 3 $7 7a.m. – 8p.m
Staff Member # 4 $9 1p.m. – 8p.m
Staff Member # 5 $9 4p.m. – 6p.m
Product s served at Cafeteria :
Product Cost % of audience orders
Salad $3 50%
Tea or Coffee $1 20%
Juice $2 30%
Operations at Cafeteria and Staff member assigned to them:
Operation Operation time in minutes Staff -member assigned
Min. Mean Max.
Taking Oder at till 1 3 Any Staff member that is available
Preparation of Salad 2 3 4 Any Staff member that is available
Preparation of Tea or Coffee 1 2 3 Any Staff member that is available
Preparation of juice 2 Any Staff member that is available
Serving 1 Any Staff member that is available
Receiving bill at end 0.5 1 Any Staff member that is available
Behavior of Customers at Cafeteria:
 Customers leave cafeteria if there are more than 10 customers in queue at till
 Out of total customer ,each day, only 40% want Tables or Chairs to sit in
 If table or chair is not empty, 80% of customers left without payment even if their order is ready while 20% customer
wait for table or chair to be empty , sit in cu stomers usually take 30 minutes
3. APPROACH TO ARENA
Analysis and optimization of Cafeteria system purely depends on how design ing the model in Arena . Results from arena
model help s in understanding the system as well as allow s to improve it by putting ch anges in model and comparing
result s. Practicing different kind of suggestion s in real situations before realizing output is not a good idea therefore there
is always a need to simulate systems and check facts and figures before implementing any idea or suggestions .
Model for Cafeteria system :

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals
Logic in Submodule is as bellow

Logic in Submodule is as bellow

Logic in Submodule is as bellow

Logic in Submodule is as bellow

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals Logic in Submodule is as bellow

4. DESIGN OF MODEL
More precise and accurate the model, more precise and accurate will be the results . Design of Arena simulation model for
cafeteria or Restaurant based on data above involves
 Arrival rate
 Design of Queue at till
 Allocation of resources according to shift and availability
 Preparation of all types of products and assigning cost
 Serving same order to same customer
 Allocation of tables and chairs to customer
 Cost Analysis
 Showing results in user defined
Arrival rate:
Customers Arrival rate is described by sched ule in Create module as follows

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals Design of queue at till:
According to condition that Customers leave cafeteria if there are more than 10 customers in queue at till. Use D ecide
module to put condition on till process

Allocation of resources acco rding to shift and availability:
To a llocate resources according to data we have to use Type Set in defining the resource Shifts are described separately
for every resource in Schedule.

Resource shifts and costs are further described as

Preparation of all types of products:
Use S eparate module and gen erate orders to process then assign cost and record it
Assigning Cost by Variable in Assign module i.e. Variable1+2 for coffee means $2 per coffee

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals
Serving same order to same customer:
To make system capable of understanding to ser ve same order to same customer unique no. is assigned to ev ery order and
customer and use M atch module to match order to a customer

In order t o detect this M atch module is based on attribute specified in variable

Allocation of tables and chairs to customer:
Allocation of tables and chairs to three differ ent variety of customer s is designed by use of Decide module and P rocess
module

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals
Table occupancy time for individuals on chairs. WIP <=7 means seven places ar e available for individuals to s it on chairs
and whenever the eighth individual came it should have to wait according to conditions described.
Cost Analysis:
To perform Cost Analysis p lace Record module to record costs at different levels and assign them names

To determine Revenue use another R ecord module at the end with math logic in expression. Every variable represent Cost
value assigned to orders

Showing results in user defined:
Use R ecord module at different position in model to count no . of customers lost and no . of customers served. By this way
resul ts are easy to understand and analyze . Reports are detailed but in order to get what our desire is we use Record
module so that all d esired results shows at one place .
Arena can built different g raphs on data seen on User defined to express rational between diff erent variables w hich are
important for analysis and improvement .

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals 5. ANALYSIS
By running this Cafeteria system for 10 days we can analyze the system, by analyzing different component we can also
put suggestions in model and we can optimize this system .
RESOURCES OR STAFF -MEMBERS:
Utilization:

Cost :

USER DEFINED:
Only highlighted c osts should be considerable because these are based on variables described i.e . Total Cost m eans total
earned cost is 62 93 and lost cost is 1035 for 10 days

No. of customers lost due to queue at till, no. of customers lost due to unavailability of table in contrast with variety of
customers

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals
For analyzing the queue at different positions in the model

6. OPTIMIZATION
On the basis of arena model it is easy to detect where there is a need of improvement . Any kind of suggestions for
improvement can be tested on arena and analyze the results again and again unt il system is properly optimized . On the
basis of above results, by adding two more tables for Pair/Couples and reducing one Resource (one with 2 hour shift) we
move towards optimized results .
7. RESULTS

Total Cost means total earned cost is 6839 and lo st cost is 624 for 10 days.

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals
OPTIMAL SOLUTION:
This model shows increase in cost by adding two more table for couples or pairs at the loss of a resource. Although we
have earned profit but dispose due to queue at till beco me 100 . So again it’s not an optimal solution. In order to get
optimal solution one has to put all suggestions and see what arena analyzes in the case of Local Café . The best optimal
solution from all the suggestions was to fully utilize all five resources and add two tables for coupl es and one for g roup
and the results are as bel ow

Total Co st means total earned cost is 7 126 and lost cost is 83 for 10 days. Café can easily recover the cost of tables with in
a month.
8. CONCLUSION
The paper intended new methodologies to design, analyze and optimize not only resta urant and cafeteria systems but it
can easily be applied to various other service industries where customer behavior is of core importance. Cost is the most
important factor in any business , by simulating a system , one can not only reduce cost but can also allocate resources . It
allows not only to understand and analyze any single portion but system as a whole. The results of simulation gives
perception in to variety of possible outcomes and how to manage them. Optimizati on of whole system with comple x
belonging was always a hurdle but Arena overcome this issue efficiently and effectively.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author wo uld like to thank Muhammad Usman Qaisar * for assistance in data -collection and also to the Staff -members
of Paradise café** for analyzing their system.
Student of Industrial Engineering Department, Universit y of Engineering and Technology Taxila . Café located at
University of Engineering and T echnology Taxila.

International Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Technology ISSN 2348 -7593 (Online)
Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp: ( 14-24), Month: April 2016 – September 2016, Available at: www.researchpublish.com

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Research Publish Journals REF ERENCES
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[2] Brann, D.M. and B.C. Kulick. Simulation of restaurant operations using the restaurant modeling studio. in
Simulation Conference, 2002. Proceedings of the Winter. 2002. IEEE.
[3] Teilans, A., et al., Design of UML models and their simulation using ARENA. WSEAS Transactions on Computer
Research, 2008. 3(1): p. 67 -73.
[4] Whyte, T.C. and D.W. Starks. ACE: a decision tool for restaurant managers. in Proceedings of the 28th conference
on Winter simulation. 1996. IEEE Computer Society.
[5] Kharwat, A. Computer simulation: an important tool in the fast -food industry. in Simulation Conference, 1991.
Proceedings., Winter. 1991. IEEE.
[6] Steiger, N. and J. Joines, REDUCING SERVICE TIME AT A BUSY FAST FOOD RESTAURANT ON CAMPUS.