(GRADUL DIDACTIC TITLUL ȘTIINȚIFIC ȘI NUMELE ) ABSOLVENT CSÁK ELEMÉR-NORBERT ORADEA 2018 UNIVERSITATEA DIN ORADEA FACULTATEA DE GEOGRAFIE, TURISM ȘI… [308191]

[anonimizat] …

FORMA DE ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNT …

Lucrare de licență

COORDONATOR/I ȘTIINȚIFIC/I

(GRADUL DIDACTIC TITLUL ȘTIINȚIFIC ȘI NUMELE )

ABSOLVENT: [anonimizat]ÁK ELEMÉR-NORBERT

ORADEA

2018

[anonimizat] …

FORMA DE ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNT …

TITLUL LUCRĂRII

COORDONATOR/I ȘTIINȚIFIC/I

(GRADUL DIDACTIC TITLUL ȘTIINȚIFIC ȘI NUMELE)

ABSOLVENT: [anonimizat]ÁK ELEMÉR-NORBERT

ORADEA

2018

Contents

Page

1. Introducion 4

1.1 Purpose 5

1.2 Paper structure 6

1.3 Literature knowledge 7

1.3.1 Natural Resources 7

1.3.1.1 Prospecting the relief resources 7

1.3.1.2 Prospecting the hydrographic resources 8

1.3.1.3 Prospecting the climate resources 8

1.3.1.4 Prospecting the biogeographyc resources 8

1.3.2 Man-made resources 9

1.3.3 Accomodation units 9

1.3.4 Restoration units 10

1.3.5 Entertainment units 10

1.3.6 Other 11

1.4 Ioșia Neighbourhood 11

2. Methodology 13

3. Surveyed tourist resources from Ioșia neighbourhood 17

3.1 Natural resources 17

3.2 Man-made resources 18

3.3. Accomodation facilities. 23

3.4 Restauration Facilities 25

3.5 Entertainment Facilities 30

3.6 Others 34

4. Analysis results of the surveyed tourist resources 38

4.1 Data analysis 38

4.2 Data interpretation 43

5. Solutions and proposals for the tourist development of Ioșia neighbourhood 44

6. Conclusions 46

7. References 47

1.Introduction

Research is a [anonimizat].

„[anonimizat]. [anonimizat], military personnel and other are heavily dependent upon geographic research to provide pertinent data they need to make tactical and strategic decisions. Specifically, [anonimizat]. [anonimizat]. Basic research personnel attempt to acquire data through experimentation by discribing and evaluating usefulness of thery for observation of new principles and laws. [anonimizat], reformulate and extend theory. [anonimizat], seek to use theory to derive implications for practice. [anonimizat] a particular deficiency or gap in geographic knowledge. [anonimizat] "unique entities" in the context of the environment” (Moriarty,1981). Research has numerous types depending on different aspects. [anonimizat]. This research is based on the exploratory researh type which is used to explore a new topic about which the researcher does not know much or when the researcher wants to familiarize with the subject.

„The literature on tourism research methods has begun to be influenced by the significant conceptual development in cultural geography and related disciplines of the 1990s. These developments offer research methods and practices through which to understand the increasing complex character of being a tourist. Therefore it becomes possible to make critically evaluate and empirically investigate the contexts through which tourism operates: brochures, marketing, destination branding and so on. The significant component for geography here is the ways in which space s activated, constructed and constituted by the tourist.” (Crouch, 1999)

Many texts make the distinction between two different types of research: pure and applied research. Pure research for Kumar (1996) is concerned with the development, examination, verification and refinement of research methods. For other researchers research is about expanding the limits of knowledge by adding to theory without an immediate application it would be referred to as pure research.

Applied research on the other hand is conducted to analyze and find a solution to a problem that has direct relevance to the recreation and travel industry. (Mick F., Martin E., Mike W., 2000)

There are three main styles of research: survey method, experimental method and ethnopgraphic method.

In this case the research method will be the survey method. The survey method requires respondents to reply to a number of questions that have been previously determined as relevant to the research in order to compare the responses. Data may be collected through an interviewer or self-completion. This way has advantage because a lot of information can be collected in a relatively short period of time. The data will be processed inductively by looking for patterns in the data. (Mick F., Martin E., Mike W., 2000)

„Space has long been at the core of geographical thinking. However, new methods have emerged to complement the more familiar, traditional, geographic research methods of spatial measuring and longdistance mapping, of tourist movement to and between destinations. Space has often been mapped into fairly static models, emphasizing trend rather than processess, business models of production and consumption. Landscapes and destinations have been refigured in the early 1990s in the light of landscape geographies, but posited as construct for the tourist. (Ringer and Hughes, 1998)

Purpose

The purpose of this tourist territory survey is to research the Ioșia Neighbourhood in order to find and locate the useful resources that are hidden in this periphery location of Oradea city, because this distric of Iosia does not have a good reputation among the locals. The locals from other districts, like Centru Civic, Nufărul, Rogerius, Cantemir, think that Ioșia is one of the worst parts of the city and this was exemplified by infooradea.ro in one of their survey. The detailed examination contain the answers of the respondents based on a scale from 0 to 100 granted to the naighbourhoods answering the cost of living. (fig 1.1) (https://infooradea.ro/studiu-oradea-in-top-3-centre-urbane-cu-cel-mai-avantajos-cost-al-vietii-vezi-clasamentul/infografic-costul-vietii-cartiere-oradea/)

Exemplified by this chart the Ioșia district is not the favorite neighbourhood of the city, because it performes quite awful in the eyes of the locals from other quarters, that is why the main purpose of this territory survey is to contradict the avarage people and show them the real appearance and potential ot this unit.

After the research is done, the data will be used to create the proposals of tourism development based on analysis that can be a further analyzed by the counsil which will determine if the solutions and proposals are fit for this district.

1.2 Paper structure

The thesis is structure in 6 chapters. The first chapter is introduction one that contains the purpose of the thesis, the paper structure of it, the literature knowledge used in order to research the element and Ioșia neighbourhood description and localization

The second chapter is composed by the methodology where the territory survey is described with the component elemnts, the localization of of the resources in the district based on the map and after that the process of analyzing the data in tables and charts.

The third chapter contains all the resources researched on the field describing some of the characteristics of them based on the a classification composed by natural, man-made, accomodation, restoration, entertainment units and other elements.

The fourth chapter is composed by the analysis results of the surveyed tourist resources where the data is analyzed in charts and tables and after that the data is interpretated.

The fifth chapter contains the solutions and proposals for the tourist development of Ioșia neighbourhood, in what tourists units can the district evolve and in which ones it can not evolve because that would a failure.

The sixth chapter is composed by the conclusions that describes the outcomes of the whole thesis ending the documentation.

1.3 Literature knowledge

1.3.1 Natural resources

The natural setting is constituted in a large domain in tourism by the following three characteristics:- the top tourism resource;

-background for touristic activities motivated by other types of attractions (mainly the anthropic ones);

-material support for all touristic activities.

Except the pedological component, whose attributes are not part of the motivations of the touristic act, but it participates in creating the atractions which determines the formation of a variety of recreational or curative options.

The lithologic substrate, relief, hydrography, climate, vegetation and fauna create the totality of resources that underpin the initiation of a tourism act and contribute to the satisfaction for tourism of the population. All the elements become not only an atractive resource but also factors for promoting the attributes of each other, thereby a close interrelation is born between them with a beneficial role in affirming the activities of the tourist geosphere.

1.3.1.1. Prospecting the relief resouces

The relief is the natural frame component with the largest reverberation in tourism, this including all three attributes stated initially, namely: attractive resource, landscape background and physical support of the activities of the whole field.

Among the relief forms with a superior touristic value we can identify: glacial valleys, glacial cirques, passes, gorges and defilee, caves, plains, hills, mountains. (Cocean…

Oradea is situated on the Western Plain on Crișul Repede Corridor, which is between the Plopișului Mountains and Pădurea Craiului Mountains and it is drained by Crișul Repede river and Borod. Within it the Vad-Borod depression has developed, divided by the Vadu Crișului defile in two compartments: Borod in east and Vad in vest, which, starting from the Subpiatră village is expanding and shaping the Depresiunea Intracolinară a Oradiei. (Alexandru Ilieș, 2010, Monografia Judetului Bihor Volumul I, https://www.academia.edu/12238238/Monografia_judetului_Bihor_vol._1?ends_sutd_reg_path=true)

1.3.1.2. Prospecting the hydrographic resources

The hydrography is the second element of the frame with a major weight in creating the attractive wealth of the earth globe. Often it exceeds the relief forms in participating to the recreational offer of some territories, this is because it has a multitude of forms in which the water intervenes in the tourism system, starting from the fresh water continuing with the thermal, mineral or with the salted water of the lakes, seas, oceans.

One of the most widespread forms of tourism is the seashore one combined with helio-marine recreation, other forms of tourism are on the rivers, lakes and restoration in the mineral or thermal waters.

Surface flowing waters like rivers and main stems become areas for practicing recreational tourism based on swimming, pleasure sailing and fishing and also they play a role in touristic transport.( Cocean,….

„Crișul Repede River springs from the Gilău Mountains, at 710 m altitude near the Izvorul Crișului settlement. It is a trans-boundary river, from its total length of 209 km, 171 km is found in Romania.” It crosses a collection of landforms, where three sectors can be analyzed, „upper course until Vadul Crișului, a main course until Oradea and a lower course until the confluence with Tisa in Hungary.” (Vigh Melinda, Qualitative aspects of Crișul Repede River, http://aerapa.conference.ubbcluj.ro/2012/pdf/38%20Vigh%20Melinda.pdf)

1.3.1.3 Prospecting the climate resources

The climatic elements are manifested as factors as conditions of progress in tourism, most often without a concrete identity. The „good weather” becomes a natural state, considered as indispensable by tourist eager to relax in the open air in summer or winter. (Cocean….

Oradea by positioning has a climate with continental moderate character. Due to the western predominance of air mass circulations winters are characterized by a milder general climate. The general climate of Oradea is given by the interactions between the main climatic factors, respectively the solar radiation, the general circulation of the atmosphere and physico-geographyc features.( Stupariu, 2012)

1.3.1.4 Prospecting the biogeographyc resources

A specific component of the natural framework, biogeography, mening the plants and animals, participate in a special way at the definition of tourism potential. On the other hand, their way of involvement is different, flora is a fundamental element of the geographic landscape, having the background role or the second plan while fauna determines two forms of recreative tourism, namely hunting and recreational fishing.( Cocean,…

The vegetation in the county is grouped in associations, as a result, depending on the climate, its dominant asset is central european. There is a particularly obvious vertical zone reported to the vegetation. Depending on the existing physico-geographic conditions and their interpenetration, there is a subalpine vegetation, a vegetation of forest domain and a vegetation of forest steppe

The geographic position of the county conditions the presence of the Central European faunistic elements in the hilly or mountainous region and the panoenic elements in Câmpia Crișurilor. They constitute the faunistic areas and levels corresponding approximately with the vegetation areas and floors. The most common animals being rodents, reptiles, from birds we can mention the quail, and the aquatic animals in Crișul Repede river being the common carp, the northern pike and perch. (I. O. Berindei, 1971)

1.3.2 Man-made resources

The anthropic resources are characterized by the extreme diversity of objectives that the human creativity and the human spirit can create, the exceptionally attractive values that some of the anthropic objectives can have, the recognized perishability of many human creations that is why they have the necessity of protection and conservation.

Within the tourist resources of anthropogenic origin we include historical, religious, cultural, economic objectives, monuments, specific tourist objectives and etnographic tourist objectives. (Cocean, 2001)

Due to the fact that Ioșia neighbourhood was built in communism, that mainly focused on the accommodation part for the locals with few man-made attractions, the main tourist attractions are the religious buildings.

The religious attractions are the proven fact that the romanians were born christians, reinforced by the crosses found in daco-roman settlements from the II and IV century and by the voyages travaled by Andrew the apostle in Dobrogea. Unlike the historical building the religious atractions were protected along the history. (Cocean, 1997)

1.3.3 Accomodation units

Housing is one of the most important life components giving shelter, safety and warmth, as well as providing a place to rest. Housing has an essential role in economic development of each country, accounting for 10‒20 % of total economical activity in the country. The need for accomodation is not only one of the basic human needs, but also the indicator of living standard of the population. Today it is a topical issue that housing has to be comfortable, economical and reasonably maintainable. (Inita H. 2016) (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311626984_Housing_Concept_and_Analysis_of_Housing_Classification)

The typology of the accomodation units is based on different criterias. The following parameters are taken into account in defining types: size, comfort, functionality, period of use, the type of tourism they serve. Two major groups of accomodations can be identified: principal accomodation units (hotels, motels, villas, chalet) and secondary accomodation untis that are integrated in the temporary tourism domain and at a modest level of functionality (pensions and campings). (Cocean, 2009 ? Geografia Turismului)

1.3.4 Restoration units

The definition of restoration based on the dictionary is the action of returning something to a former owner, place or condition. The human restoration is one of the most important facilities that a tourist needs in order to relax and regenarate the energy that was lost during the tourism process, that is why it is a necessity in tourism. The most common objectives are the restaurant, coffee shops, fast-foods.

A restaurant is business which prepares and serves food and drinks to the costumers in exchange for money. There is a great variety of restaurant characteristics that can be identified by the cuisine, service or appearance. Another difference that can be classified is the price ranges that can be inexpensive fast food restaurants and cafeterias to mid-priced family restaurants, to high-priced luxury establishments. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restaurant)

A coffee shop is is an establishment which primarly serves hot coffee, related coffee beverages, tea, and other hot beverages but another favorite product can be the iced coffee or iced tea, especially in the hot summer. Cafés often serve alcoholic beverages and light food sharing the same characteristics of a bar, an example for this can be Havana in Ioșia Nord that has the aspect of a bar and a coffee shop too while they offer entertainment through a projector. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeehouse)

1.3.5 Entertainment units

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, entertain can be defined by providing someone with amusement or enjoyment. „According to Tseng, the Bureau of Labor Statistics treats entertainment spending as comprising four categories: fees and admissions; televisions, radios, and sound equipment; pets, toys, and playground equipment; and other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services” (http://www.jogoremoto.pt/docs/extra/FjSXoz.pdf)

Purpose-built structures as venues for entertainment that accommodate audiences have produced many famous and innovative buildings, the most characteristic buildings for the entertainment facility are the theater, circus, opera house, cinema but unfortunatly Ioșia neighbourhood is not equipped with these kind of objectives. The most representative entertainment units can be identified by bath, casinos, fitness clubs, culture house, and an arena in this area.

1.3.6 Other

The last but not least element of this research survey is the analysis of other interesting or usefull element of the area that can be helpful for tourist along its stay. The other category is not the most important part of the Ioșia neighbourhood but it constitutes an esential role for the smooth travel and stay in this area. Most of these elements can provide the tourist with useful locations and products when they need something in their ordinary lifes.

The other category is constructed by elements like banks, that can provide the tourist with the financial needs from their credit, markets, that has the role to provide the tourist with traditional healthy and natural products, fruits and vegetables and other elements for a fresh meal, pharmacy that contributes with common medications for any health issue, bakery that can provide a quick snack in the rush of the day and the supermarkets that are the basic need for every tourist even though they are not atractions but they are essentials for the common purchases that a tourist can have.

1.4 Ioșia Neighbourhood

„Oradea is located on the banks of Crișul Repede River near the eastern Hungarian border in the northwestern part of Romania.” (Luca Száraz, Oradea, Romania https://greensurge.eu/products/case-studies/Case_Study_Portrait_Oradea.pdf) The city is situated on the meeting point of the Crișana plain. It is sutuated 126 meters above sea-level, on the north-eastern part it is surrounded by the hills of Oradea, which are part of the Ses hills. (https://www.scribd.com/document/8072350/Oradea)

„The city today is an important centre of economic, social and cultural life in the western part of Romania and it is also the core city of its region. The per capita green space is 25 m² (2012) in the city which is somewhat lower than the EU average, but far more than the Romanian average, that is why the city won the title of ”Green Capital of Romania” in 2011.” (Luca Száraz, Oradea, Romania https://greensurge.eu/products/case-studies/Case_Study_Portrait_Oradea.pdf). Ioșia is one of the most important neighbourhoods from Oradea among Velența, Universității, Rogerius, Nufărul, Decebal-Dacia etc. districts

Ioșia is an outlying district in Oradea. From architectural point of view the whole neighbourhood is a mix of low density housing, in form of rural houses, and high-rise housing, in form of blocks built in the communist times, that’s why this part of the city is an exurban or „bedroom town” mainly focused on the accommodation part for the locals with few man-made, restoration or entertainment units.

It is located in the far southwest part of the city, and, although it has good infrastructure in terms of education, shopping, and transportation, the district still has serious problems of unpaved roads and country-style houses, especially in the so called Old Ioșia part of the quarter. Ioșia is usually divided into three parts: North Ioșia, Calea Aradului, also known as Ioșia Sud, and between these two, Old Ioșia.

Of the three parts of Ioșia, North Ioșia is the most advanced from numerous points of view. From educational point of view it has 2 high schools: Liceul Don Orione, which is a kindergarten too, and Liceul Industrial Sinteza, a secondary school: Școala Gimnazială Octavian Goga and 3 kindergartens, from leisure point of view it has a swimming pool: Ștrandul Ioșia, from supplying point of it has many supermarkets, a market also known as Piața Ioșia and other smaller grocery stores wide-spread along the territory to fulfill the nutritional needs of the locals, and last but not least it has a direct transportation route to the University of Oradea, being of the the two neighbourhoods that has a direct transportation to the University, the other one being Rogerius, the other districts does not have a direct transportation line and because of this they need to change the transportation unit in the City Center in order to reach the University. It is also one of the most picturesque part of city because of the natural resource: Crișul Repede river which separates North Ioșia from the Rogerius district.

The other part of Ioșia district is Calea Aradului, that is located on the southern part of Oradea, this part is the closest one to the European route E671 that link together Oradea with Arad, which is the capital city of Arad County. Another feature of the district is the fact that it is close to the Oradea International Airport, which was renovated in 2009 and now it meets the EU standards, allowing the easy acces to the county’s high tourist potential areas: Băile Felix hot springs, Padiș Natural Protected Area from other countrys too. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oradea_International_Airport)

Old Ioșia is completely composed of houses, most of them being traditional rural or village houses that have been built by other generations along the time, but over the decades the wealthy part of the locals have built larger houses, villas, in order to escape from the expensive real estate prices from the city center and the noises that come along with bustle.

The district is one the most beautiful parts of Oradea because it maintains a rustic, rural feel but it is still close to the city center, it can also provide insight to the authentic Romanian country life because this neighbourhood used to belong to the actual Sântandrei village, most of the elders living here are former village residents that still keep their traditions. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io%C8%99ia)

2. Methodology

Many texts make the distinction between two different types of research: pure and applied research. Pure research for Kumar (1996) is concerned with the development, examination, verification and refinement of research methods. For other researchers research is about expanding the limits of knowledge by adding to theory without an immediate application it would be referred to as pure research.

Applied research on the other hand is conducted to analyze and find a solution to a problem that has direct relevance to the recreation and travel industry. (Mick F., Martin E., Mike W., 2000)

There are three main styles of research: survey method, experimental method and ethnopgraphic method.

In this case the research method will be the survey method. The survey method requires respondents to reply to a number of questions that have been previously determined as relevant to the research in order to compare the responses. Data may be collected through an interviewer or self-completion. This way has advantage because a lot of information can be collected in a relatively short period of time. The data will be processed inductively by looking for patterns in the data. (Mick F., Martin E., Mike W., 2000)

The method used to survey the Ioșia Neighbourhood was based on a course from the third year, fifth semester where we were given a prospecting sheet that the students had to complete based on their field research. This survey is part of the quantitative research type, because it is an empirical research where the data are in the form of numbers, it has a pre-ordinate design, the setting is impersonal, controlled and manipulative conforming the theory and the process and procedure is rational. (Finn M. Elliott-White M. 2000)

The implementation of the survey sheet was a practical one, because in order to complete the necessary data enumerated on the analysis, the student had to walk from street to street in a district and count down the potential touristic resources, find an accas way for a foreign tourist to reach it easily and obtain a few useful information about the attraction.

The prospecting sheet was composed by eight elements. The first one being the District where the neighbourhood was specified, in this case it is Ioșia Neighbourhood. The second element is the Name of the attraction/tourist site where the objective is named. The third one is the type of the resource where it is discribed a category of things that have common characteristics, for example hotels, casinos, church, restaurant, coffee shop. The fourth element is the Address of attraction/tourist site expressing the exact location on the districts surface. The fifth element is Classification of the attraction/tourist site, the process in which the objects are diferentiated and understood for this the Legend is helpfull object where it is explained what each of the leatters mean, A is the natural attractions, B is the man-made attractions, C is the accomodation facilites, D is the restauration facilities ( restaurant, cafe, pub, etc), E is the entertainment facilites and F is other classification which is composed by other necessities that can a foreign tourist have. The sixth one is the Access ways where it is discribed the course of approach to the destination which can be by public transport, car, bike or other natural ways of progress. The seventh element is the Features that are individual properties of the attraction/tourist site that it is being observed. And the last component of the prospecting sheet is Scoring where each resource gets a grade from 4 to 10 based on the touristic potential, aspect, accessibility, effectiveness and necessarity for a foreign tourist (cf annex 1)

The territory survey was applied in the whole Ioșia neighbourhood that is divided into three areas: Old Ioșia (between Peța stream, Ovid Densușianu street, Oneștilor street and Lăpușului street), Ioșia-North (between Lăpușului street, Crișul Repede river, Ovid Densușianu street and Oneștilor street) and Ioșia-South (between Peța stream, Calea Aradului and Ovid Densușianu street and Calea Sântandrei) that is ilustrated on by fig. 2.2.

(http://www.transgex.ro/index.php/en/about-us/portfolio/70-iosia-en)

The research aproach was in pedestrian way, walking down the streets of the area and noting down the aspects of the objectives. The research started from Lăpușului street, following the Grigore Erofte street, Alexandru Cazaban street, Ovid Densuseanu street, Meșteșugarilor street, Salcâmilor street, Greierului street, Gheorghe Pop de Băsești street, Munteniei street, Nicola Bolcaș street, Aradului street, Oneștilor street and Meziadului street. This way the research counted down a total of 39 elements that are researched and later on characterized.

North Ioșia is the most developed territory of the three areas and it holds a total of 30 elements that were reasearched. It has a natural resource called Crișul Repede River merged with smaller green areas all around the district. Is compounded by two man-made attractions that are churches, one accomodation facility which is the luxurious Nevis hotel, six restoration facilites, three of them are coffee shops and the rest are restaurant and six entertainment facilites. Most of the other elements are from the other categories that can be banks, markets, supermarkets, pharmacies and so on and have a total of 14 objectives that represent the developed aspect of the area which is not found in Old Ioșia or South Ioșia and that is why North Ioșia has more of an aspect of an urban area.

In order to ilustrate and locate the resources found in the district a small map (fig 2.3) was

made that does not contain the elements from the other category because those elements are not that important and with them the map would have been too crowded. On this map it is ilustrated the arrangement of the natural, man-made, accomodation, restauration and entertainment facilites.

The next two areas that will be described are the elements found in Old Ioșia and South Ioșia. Old Ioșia is less developed than North Ioșia because this district is an accomodation facility for the locals, most of the building are common rural houses and they do not have any interest except the churches that were build for these locals. South Ioșia is the least developed district from all of them, this area represents the periphery range of this city and it is situated on the

border of the city Oradea, that is why there are few buildings and most of them are for housing.

In this area following the research there are nine elements worth to be mentioned. Six of them are churches for every type of religous belief, another two resources are accomodation facilites for tourists and the last objective is the biggest bakery in the area. In order to ilustrate and locate the arrangement of the resources a map was edited that has the man-made attractions, accomodation facilites and other resources on it. (fig 2.4).

After the identification process of the researched elements were finished, the final process was processing the data in an excel, where a table was edited containing all of the elements above mentioned in the territory survey but in an organized way. In the two pie charts there are ilustrated the classification percentage of the area and the typology of the attractions. Last but not least histogram was created in order to illustrate the scoring of the elements diveded in the 6 chategories above mentioned.

3. Surveyed tourist resources from Ioșia neighbourhood

3.1 Natural resources

Crișul Repede is the most important natural resource form Ioșia neighbourhood because this natural unit is the border between the North Ioșia district and the Rogerius one. The link between the two units is the Carol I. Bridge also known by the locals as Sovata bridge, because it is nearby that main road of the Regerius district, which was built in 2011 over the old pedestrian bridge that was built on pontoons and that is where it’s old name originates from, which was Podul de Pontoane, and the second link is Ovid Densușeanu Bridge over the Crișul Repede river. (Fig. 3.5)

This resource is one of the most popular resources among the locals in summer time becouse it has a picturesque landscape, especially during a sunset, it attracts the community of all ages. The infrastructure that is present on both sides of the river is modern because it was recently restored but unfortunately the pedestrian walkway in the Ioșia district is not maintained correctly and that is why the Rogerius one is more attractive with its bycicle road and lounge chairs, but it is too crowded.

There are present other natural resources as well in forms of parks and other smaller green areas with few trees or bushes, but they are smaller ones that can not be properly researched because of the lack of information but they serve as green areas in Ioșia neighbourhood and helped the city to win the title of ”Green Capital of Romania” in 2011. Most of the parks can be considered as entertainment units for the youngsters because they are equipped with slides, swings and other playground machineries.

3.2 Man-made resources

Churches

Biserica Penticostală Maranata

It is an evangelical church located in Old Ioșia district on the Greierului street, number 17. It is one of the few man-made attractions in this part of Ioșia. It is easily accessible by foot, but with a car it is harder to reach because around the church take place the road restauration processess and it gets challanging the acces, but another possibility can be the bus number 10 because it stops direcly in front of the building.

It was founded in 1991 with no architectural styles, the only specific aspect is the modern exterior painted in a light blue color combined with white. The building has two floors with a spacios main lobby where the liturgy is held and from that room the other smaller rooms can be accessed. The church holds ocasionally other events apart the liturgy like book releases, christening, or even concerts that can be visited by the public. (Fig. 3.6)(https://www.facebook.com/MaranataOradea/)

The final score that this building gets it is an 8 because it does not have an easy acces way because of the road restoration and because the building was damaged as result of the natural elements and it is visible from the outside that the plaster is cracked in most places.

Biserica Romano-Catolică Sfânta Tereza

It is a romano-catholic church located in Old Ioșia district on Gheorghe Pop de Băsești street, number 1. It is the only man-made attraction for catholic christians from the neighbourhood. A common acces way is the bus service 10, where the bus stops almost in front of the church but it can also be approached with other means of transportation, like cars, bikes or other vehicles.

The local priest answered a few questions in form of a interview about the church an he claimed that it was built around 1933 or 1934. The church is a small scale copy of the homonymous church from France, that is the Lisieux chatedral and was built in neo-raman style by the architect Sallerbeck Anton. Currently the chapel is in restoration and the external walls have been completely restored in 2014 and 2015 as you can see from the picture (Fig. 3.7) but the inside is still in rehabilitation process. (http://altmarius.ning.com/profiles/blogs/biserica-reformata-ret-oradea-judetul-bihor)

The final score that the building deserves is a 9 because from the outside is fully restored and you can bearly recognize the fact that it was built in around 1933 and it is well maintained, although it can not get the maximum score because the inside is still not ready for tourists but in the near future it will get the appreciation it deserves.

Biserica Reformată Ioșia

The only reformed church from the Old Ioșia district is this building that has an ample history because of the communism system and the opression that it got from the romanian locals. It is located on Gheorghe Pop de Băsești Street, number 5. It is a man-made attraction that can be reached with the bus service number 10 and any other type of vehicle because the infrastructure is developed.

It is a smaller church than the above mentioned ones because the church was built from a prayer house.(Fig 3.8) The prayer house was financially founded and built by the local christians in 1931. This building was also an orphanage but unfortunately the romanian power abolished that aspect of it and after that the only service of the building was worshipping. In 1954 a tower was built in front of the house forming the entrence and it still has only one tower. (http://users.atw.hu/ossi/index.html)

The final score that the building deserves is an 8 because the tourist interest is really low for a church as small as this with no special features but the historical problems and difficulties can make it interesting for the curious.

Biserica Ortodoxa Sfantul Nicolae

This building is an ortodox church situated in Old Ioșia district on Iacobilor street, number 1. It is a man-made attraction that can be accessed in pedestrian way but it is really close to one the tram station where the tram number 2 is stopping.

This church has a patron saint named Saint Ierarh Nicolae wich is the saint of poverty and humility. The building was made in 1977 but in 2010 was retored. The building from outside has a tall tower in the middle with 2 smaller ones on both sides of it and around the church there are the saints painted by hand.(Fig 3.9)(http://www.biserici.org/index.php?menu=CU&code=17173&criteria=oradea&quick=&radio=b&order=R.NAME)

The final score that the building gets it is an 8 because it is simple but marvelous from the outside but it does not have a special architectonic style in which it was built.

Biserica Sfinții Apostoli Petru și Pavel

This is building is another ortodox church from Old Ioșia neighbourhood that is located on Nicolae Bolcaș street, number 30. It is a man-made attraction that has two priests, namely Ioan Mitrașcă and Vasile Marin Dindelegan. The church can be accessed by most vehicles able to function on road or by the tram number 2.

The building has two patron saints that are Saint Apostle Peter and Paul and it was built in 1940 in byzantine revival style and even the wooden doors are carved in magnificent way and on the two sides of the church there are two carved wooden crosses. The building has 2 smaller towers in the front and a considerable one in the back of them.(Fig 3.10)(http://www.biserici.org/index.php?menu=BIBH&code=17172&criteria=&quick=&order=NAME)

The final score of the church is a 7 bacause even though it is a graceful architectural building it is not well maintained that can be observed by the fact that not even the painting is consistent on the roofs.

Biserica Creștină Baptistă Sion

This building is the only baptist church in Old Ioșia neighbourhood and it is located on Piteștilor street, number 18. It is a man-made attraction that was built in 1979 iune and the only access way to this church is the pedestrian way because accessing the building with a car it is not recommended as result of the insfrastructue.(Fig. 3.11) ( http://www.biserici.org/index.php?menu=BI&code=17144)

The final score for this church is a 6 because even though it is only 39 years old the building is in an atrocious state and it lacks the maintenance.

Biserica Ortodoxă Sfântul Duh Mângâietorul

This church is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 37A. It is a man-made attraction that is one of the churches built after the fall of communism in 1989. It is accessable on road by cars or other vehicles.

In 1992 the foundation stone was placed and the building was made in ecclesiastical architectural style but it is still not finished. In 2008 the building of the church was restrained but now the outside of it is complete but in the inside the pictures, furniture and heating is not entirely polished. The church has a form of a roman cross with uneven arms, the lenght is 36 meters and the width is 19 meters.(Fig 3.12) (http://punticrisene.ro/biserica-ortodoxa-sfantul-duh-mangaietorul/)

The final score of this building is an 8 because it is a grandiose church with simple architectural style but the inside is painted with stupendous murals and it has a multi-layerd chandelier that can be a touristic attraction.

Biserica Don Orione

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 48. It is a man-made attraction which is also a greco-chatolic church. It can be accessed by car, bycicle or any other vehicle, but the bus servise number 14, 19, 21N also has a station nearby.

The church was built in modern architectural style and it is part of Don Orione Center.(Fig 3.13) The Don Orione School and ccout group is also part of it and it even has a mini zoo for the childrens that contains farm animals that the children are allowed to pet whenever they want to. (http://www.biserici.org/index.php?menu=BI&code=19812)

The final score for this building is an 8 because it although has many social events for the youngsters and it has a good way of teaching the children the quality of life while they are having fun in scout camps and trips but the church itself does not have any special characteristics interesting for the tourists.

3.3. Accomodation facilities.

Hotels

Hotel Class

This building is situated in Old Ioșia on Meziadului street, number 2. It is an accomodation resource that is a three star hotel that can be easily accessed by road, but it has a strong rival in form of Nevis hotel that is on the other paralel street. The tourist can observe the modernism, elegance and comfort even from the reception.

The hotel offers 30 accomodation units structured in single, double and apartment rooms, all totalling a 60 person accomodation unit. It also has a spatious parking spot and a restaurant that can hold 400 persons being ideal for events. The price ranges between 120 Ron for a single room and 200 Ron for apartament suite for a day. (http://classhotel.ro/despre/)

The final score for this building is an 8 because although it is a modern one with urban landscape arrangement (Fig 3.14) in the trend and it provides all the needs that a client can have with its facilites and it is placed in a quiet area but for some tourist even this is not enough when they compare this building with the Nevis Hotel.

Hotel Nevis

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Lăpușului street, number 2. It is a accomodation facility that is a four star hotel right next to the city center and within walking distance of the main exhibit center in Oradea with high quality services.(Fig 3.15) It can be easily accessed on road with a car or the bus service number 10 or 14.

The hotel offers 63 rooms and three apartment suites of accomodation. Guests can also make appointments at the Wellness & SPA Center, which offers full SPA services and body remodelling treatments. Other services are secured parking lot the rooms are equiped with television, minibar, wireless internet access and air conditioning system. The price ranges between 195 Ron for a single room and 350 Ron for the apartament suite for a day and this price does not include the access to the Wellness & Spa Center. (http://www.hotelnevis.ro/index.html)

The final score for this hotel is a 9 because it has all the high quality facilites that a tourist needs for its stay but the prices are expensive for the ordinary tourist.

Pension

Pensiunea Ardealul

This building is situated in Old Ioșia on Meșteșugarilor street, number 3. It is an Accomodation resource that also has a tradtitional restaurant in which are held different events like wedding or festive dinners, with a capacity of 160 persons and a larger hall with more than 220 places available. It can be accessed by cars or other vehicles functioning on roads.

This pension has three stars and offers accommodation capacity of 20 palces in single, double, triple rooms and apartment suites.(Fig. 3.16) All the rooms have at their disposal a private bathroom, TV and cable, wireless internet and refrigerator. The price ranges between 100 Ron for a single room and 120 Ron for the apartment suit for a day. (http://pensiunea-ardealul.ro/)

The final score for this pension is a 9 because it has excelent facilities with a lively social life and a closeby traditional restaurant but it still allows the tourist to rest in silence and relax. The pirces are modest and relatively low.

3.4 Restauration Facilities

Coffee shop

Terasa Domino

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 47. It is a restauration facilitie that can offer for the tourist coffee and other liquids for small prices because it is a small business. It can be accessed on road or there is the nearby bycicle path along the Crișul Repede river that can reach this destination.

This coffee shop and bar is one of the older ones in the neighbourhood but it still functions because the locals enjoy the aspect of it and they did not let it go bankrupt, like the competing coffee shop that used to be nearby it, Crystal Coffee. This building is situated in a clearly visible zone and it has a spacious terrace where during summer the locals enjoy the football competition on a projector.(Fig 3.17)

Fig. 3.17 Terasa Domino

The final score for this building is an 8 because although it is a favorite one among the locals the fact that it is along in years is noticeable when you compare it with other units like Habana because it lacks maintenance.

Habana

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 51. It is a restauration facility that is the most popular from the area. Not only the locals of Ioșia district enjoy this coffe shop and bar, but also locals from other neighbourhoods visit it regularly. It is easily accessible with the local bus servive number 14, 19 and 21N, and even the roads are in good infrastructural conditions for cars or other vehicles.

The coffee shop and bar offers a good quality service but the prices can be compared to the ones from the city center. One of tha main feature of this coffee shop is the fact that next to it is its own fast food & grill construction from where the consumer can order while they watch the football match from the projector and they will deliver the food in a few minutes. Other features of the coffee shop is air conditioning, guarded parking lot, live music, exterior terrace, wireless internet.(Fig. 3.18)( https://www.romaniatonight.ro/ro/location/habana-cafe-oradea)

The final score for this building is a 10 because it offers excelent services while the tourist can enjoy one of the finest coffee assortments from the neighbourhood.

Coffee Point

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 44. It is a restauration facility that has a small a size because it mainly functions as a coffee to go business. It can be easily accessed by the bus service number 14, 19 and 21N and the road is in good condition for driving.

This coffee shop can not be compared to the other coffe shops in the area because the main goal of this business is the takeaway service that is why it is specialized in the coffee to go option not like the Havana where the costumer stays and enjoys the coffee in the shop. This small business offers a huge variety of coffee flavours with numerous assortments while it has an excelent quality.(Fig 3.19)

The final score for this building is a 10 because it is a unique concept in the neighbourhood in a modern aspect that wants to innovate the life of the locals.

Restaurants

Restaurant Firenze

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 56. It is a restauration facility that offers traditional cousine for the tourist for a reasonable price. It can be accessed by the bus service number 14, 19 and 21N and by other means of transportation.

The restaurant was founded in 2010 and has an a manager, with experience in the field for more than 20 years. The manager found that something is missing from the restaurant market in Oradea. There were no traditional dishes with taste specific to the dishes cooked in the villlages of the Western Hills transmitted from generation to generation. Some of the services are the delivery, catering, reserving, takaway, kids friendly. One of the main feature is the 10 Ron menu. (Fig. 3.20) ( https://yellow.place/en/restaurant-firenze-caffe-oradea-oradea-romania)

Fig 3.20 Restaurant Firenze

The final score for this building is a 7 because it can be hard to find for a tourist and it does not have an appealing exterior, and another reason is the fact that it is filled with uncultered locals that are there only because the food is cheap.

Restaurant Orhideea

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Lăpușului street, number 2. It is a restauration facility that is part of the Nevis complex that offers the tourist traditional and international cuisine. It can be accessed by road on different vehicles or by using the bus service number 14 and 10.

„With impeccable service from our qualified staff and a pleasant atmosphere Orhideea Restaurant by Nevis offers you unforgettable moments.” Is the description of the restaurant defined by the Nevis complex but it offers other services, like reservations, warm welcoming, kid friendly, waiter service, take out. From financial point of view the restaurant prices can be compared to the city center, for example the pasta ranges between 18 Ron and 24 Ron. (http://www.hotelnevis.ro/website/Restaurant-Orhideea-By-Nevis/index.html)

The final score this building gets is a 9 because it is placed in a great area because of the Nevis hotel that is next to it and the tourist can see the quality and hard work that was put in this restaurant from the inside and outside.(Fig 3.21)

Habana Grill & Fast Food

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 51. It is a restauration facility that is also a steakhouse with fast food attributes. It can be easily accessed by bus service number 14, 19 and 21N because the bus station is in front of the restaurant but it can be aproached by car or other mean of travel.

It is a restaurant type building that was founded in 2017 right next to the Havana coffee shop (Fig 3.22) and these two building are in symbiosis relationship just like the Stefy café and the Pizza e Panino by Due Fratelli on Republicii street from the city center. The coffee shops advertize the restauration facilities right next to them while the restaurant gives another service to the costumers from the coffee shop in form of food. (https://www.linkedin.com/company/habana-grill-fast-food)

The final score that this building gets is a 10 because it offers excelent food for a low price while the atmoshpere inside is great and friendly.

3.5 Entertainment Facilities

Bath

Ștrandul Ioșia

This facility is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 56. It is an entertainment facility on the left side of the Crișul Repede river on a surface of about 4,7 hectare. It can be accessed by the bus service number 14, 19 and 21N but the station is not exactly right next to the objective, but the tourist can access it more easily with a car or another vehicle.

The artificial beach has a recreational base consisted of 6 pools.(Fig 3.23) The water is changed every day for the smaller pools but the 2 deeper pools, with 2 meter depth, are only changed every two days.The water temperature is between 22-32 degrees except the children pool that is between 31-33 degrees. Another services are 25 hot water showers, 26 undressing booths, first aid point, 2 lifeguards, 2 commercial alimentation units, beach-volley and baschet fields and others.An adult ticket is 15 Ron per person and for childrens it is 7 Ron. (http://www.adporadea.ro/index.php/domeniu-public/strandul-iosia)

The final score that this building gets is a 5 because it lack hygiene, infrastructure, personal and maintenance.

Building

Casa Tineretului

This facility is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 47. It is an entertainment facility in the administration and property of Bihor Youth Foundation (F.R.T.Bihor). Its access ways can be the road next to it and the bycicle path that is nearby the building.

The Bihor Youth Foundation it caries out its activity in this building through self-financing, sponsorships and contributions. Here are active the artist groups that have participated and will participate in various cultural events in the country and abroad. In this building take place cultural events, weddings, courses and even bodybuilding. (https://www.casatineretului.ro/index.php)

The final score that this building gets is a 7 because it lacks maintenance and it requires a restoration but the social events are still going on until this day in this building, therefore it has an active community.(Fig 3.24)

Arena Antonio Alexe

This building is situated in North Ioșia on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 19. It is an entertainment facility that has a multifunctional hall. Its access ways can be the road right next to the building and the bycicle path on the left side of the Crișul Repede river.

It is used as a local base for men’s and woman’s basketball, volleyball and handball teams in the city. The capacity of the hall is 2,500 seats. The hall was named after Antonio Alexe, a former basketball player of CSM Oradea, who played for six years there but he died in 2005 in a car accident.(Fig 3.25) (https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arena_%E2%80%9EAntonio_Alexe%E2%80%9D)

The final score that this building gets is a 9 because it was recently restored and it is the most important sports hall from Oradea city that helds the handball, basketball and volleyball matches. The interior of the building helds other smaller sport clubs: fencing, karate and others.

Casinos

Casino 77777

This building is situated in North Ioșia, on Grigore Erofte street, number 16. It is an entertainment facility in form of a casino that was recently built. It can be easily accessed by car or other means of transportation.

It is a facility which houses and accomodates certain types of gambling activities. The casino design is an intricate process that involves optimising floor plan, decor and atmospherics to encourage gambling.

The final score that this building gets is a 9 because it is a smaller casino that is fairly hidden from the childrens. The design is a simple one and it bearly has lights that can atract the gamblers.(Fig 3.27)

Eldorado

This building is situated in North Ioșia, on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 46. It is an entertainment facility that has more lights and other atractive elements, that can be luxurios prizes, than the smaller one in this area. It can be accessed by the bus service number 14, 19 and 21N because the station is right next to the building but it can be accessed by other means of transportation too.

The name Eldorado comes from the word „El Dorado – the gilded”. According to the american spanish legend, it is the country of fabulous treasures. In this, conquerors, adventurers and treasure hunters also believed. The first Eldorado casino was opened in Oradea in 2007, after that it has spread across the city because of the high demand. (http://www.eldorado777.ro/tortenetunk)

The final score that this building gets is a 9 because although is a larger casino than the other one it is placed right on the main street where all the children travel with the bus and it can be a bad influence for them.(Fig 3.28)

Fitness club

Gym Mar Strong

This building is situated in North Ioșia, on Meziadului street, number 2. It is an entertainment facility for the sporty tourist that can not rest in peace on their stay in the city. It can be accessed by the main street Lapușului or by the bus service number 10.

It is the largest sports club from Oradea on an area of 2500 square meter(Fig 3.29), with a wide range of facilities and services that are box, kickbox, fit-box, tae-bo, crossfit, aerobics, fitness, bodybuilding and wireless internet. The one month subscription is 110 Ron but for only a day it is 20 Ron. (http://www.gymmar-strong.ro/sali-fitness-culturism-oradea.php)

The final score that this building gets is a 10 because it is one of the newest and largest fitness club from the entire city.

3.6 Other

Banks

In North Ioșia neighbourhood a tourist can find all types of banks and in this part there will be a short presentation of them, naming them, locating them and highlighting the better and moderner ones.

The Banca Cooperatistă Dacia-Oradea(Fig 3.30) is located on Lăpușului street, number 23. and it was scored with a 6 because it is one of the oldest banks in the area. The Raiffeisen Bank (Fig. 3.31) is located on Grigore Erofte street, number 22. and it was scored with a 7 because it is only a small office.The Transilvania Bank (Fig 3.32) is located on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 60. and it was scored with a 9 because it was recently restored. The BCR Bank (Fig 3.33) is located on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 58. and it was scored with a 10 because it is a larger bank and it has the best offers.

Although some of these banks are scored lower than the others all of them are able to exchange most of the common curencies into romanian currency and all of them have functioning ATMs.

Building

Nevis Events Hall

This building is part of the Nevis complex and it is situated on the Lăpușului street, number 2. It is a building special for the Nevis events that are held there by the costumers. These events can be weddings, baptism and other special occasion that are celebrated there.

The Nevis Events Hall has capacity of up to 200 guests, has very good acoustics and comes fully equipped with a professional sound system. Elegantly furnished, the hall can be decorated according to any wishes.(Fig.3.34) (http://www.hotelnevis.ro/website/Events/Weddings/index.html)

This building is scored with a 9 because it is one of the most luxurious events hall from this neighbourhood and it has all the facilities and services that a guest needs.

Market

Piața Ioșia

It is the only market from the neighbourhood and it is located on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 61 and it has a total surface of 4232 square metre. It is arrenged in tables in different sectors. There are 23 tables for commercial spaces, 64 tables for vegetables and fruits, 22 tables for various and bazaar and two display modules in the dairy hall.(Fig 3.35) (http://www.adporadea.ro/index.php/domeniu-privat/piata-iosia)

It is scored with a 10 because it used to be a really important point for the locals, especially close to holidays because this building allowed the locals to purchase the ingredients for the traditional meals but today it loses its importance. This place can be interesting for a tourist because it offers an insight to the real traditional aspect of the locals and of the villagers that live near the city.

Office

GBC – Grandhill Business Center

It is the only office type building in Ioșia neighbourhood and it is located on Lăpușului street, number 4. It is the first business center from Oradea. Is an office building designed to meet the the special needs of national and international companies, the building was built to European quality standards. It is an excelent opportunity to establish a company office in the most modern office building in Oradea.(Fig. 3.36) (http://www.wall-street.ro/catalog/anunt/5387/GBC-Grandhill-Business-Center.html)

This building is scored with a 7 because it was a failed business, dozens of spaces are empty because companies have no money to rent them but it had the most popular restaurant from the district because it was situated on the top of the building.

Pharmacy

Catena

It is a pharmacy building part of the romanian brand that is present all over the country, representing one of the most modern pharmacies in Romania.(Fig 3.37) This building is located on Meșteșugarilor street, number 73. (https://www.catena.ro/)

This building is scored with a 10 because it is one of the newest pharmacies from Ioșia and it has offers and products for every common sicknesses.

Bakery

Cidor

This building is the largest bakery from the area that functions nonstop.(Fig. 3.38) It is located on Tabéry Géza street, number 1. Cidor has a long experience in the bakery industry and in general of wheat flour preparations. (http://www.cidor.ro/)

This building is scored with an 8 because it does not have all the modern equipment and it was not renovated since it was built.

Supermarkets

Ioșia Nord is filled with supermarkets that offer fresh and quality products and they can be easily located all over the area. A few buildings that can be found are Novaeuro,(Fig 3.39) located on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 46., scored with a 6 because unfortunatly most of the beggars are situated around it. Trei G (Fig 3.40) is situated on Meziadului street, number 2., and it is scored with a 6 because the roof slightly collapsed after a storm and the supermarket was cut in half because they never rapaired the damages. Unicarm (Fig 3.41) is located on Grigore Erofte street, number 22., and it is scored with a 7 because this is yet another supermarket where the beggars are situated and bring down its value. Profi city (Fig 3.42) is located on Grigore Erofte street, number 7 and, scored with a 10 because it has great product offers. Best Market (Fig 3.43) is located on Alexandru Cazaban, number 39. It is a hungarian import supermarket that is scored with a 10 because it is the newest building, constructed in 2017. Carrefour (Fig 3.44) is located on Alexandru Cazaban street, number 51., and it is scored with a 10 because this is a new building that has low prices.

4. Analysis results of the surveyed tourist resources

4.1 Data analysis

Table analysis

After the process of field research the data was processed in an excel table according to the territory survey. In this table all the elements are categorized and organized. All the 39 elements are enumerated in different rows from up to bottom and described in different columns from left to right starting with the name of the objective, the type, the classification, the adress, the access way, a short feature description and the score. The last element is mainly used as a legend for the color interpretation from the class column. (Table 4.1)

In the total of 39 elements from all of Ioșia district we can identify one natural attraction, that is the Crișul Repede river, eight man-made attraction that are only the churches, three accomodation facilites divided in hotels and a pension, six restauration facilities from which three are coffe shops and three are restaurant, six entertainment facilites that are a bath, a culture house, an arena, two casinos and a fitness club, and last but not least the other category with 15 element that has four banks, an events hall, a market, an office building, a pharmacy, a bakery and six supermarkets.

The columns from left to right identify an element of the objective that can be its name, how it was initially labeled by the private owner. The type that characterizes the resources typology, in which it can be put. The third column is the class where the classification of the building is named by only an alphabetic letter. The adress column is used for the localization is space of the resource that is compounded by the street name and the number of it. The next column is the access way of the building that can help a foreign tourist to reach the destination by any means, that is why mostly it is used to describe the bus service that stops near the attraction. The features column is the small description of the building. The scoring column is the mark that the resource got based on different aspects, and this is a small part of the arrangements used in the table because the elements are in ascending order by the scores they got divided by the classification and typology. Finally the color meaning is meant to be the legend of the table while it discribes the class alphabetic letters.

Pie charts

In order to ilustrate the percentages of the classification and typology of the prospected elements from the Ioșia neighbourhood there were created two pie charts. The first pie chart ilustrates the classification of the resources that has 6 classes, where the natural attractions are part of the 3% of the total researched resources, the second lowest percentage has the accomodation facilities with 8%, the next two elements have the same percentage of 15% and they are the restauration facilites and entertainment facilites. The man-made attractions excel in comparison with the other elements with a 21% and the highest percentage that got from all the elements are part of the other category with a high 38%. (Chart 4.2)

Another pie chart that was made in order to illustrate the typology of the resources in Ioșia district in which the type column of the table was emphasized is the typology one where are ilustrated 16 types of building. In this pie chart we have eight elements that have only 3% of the total resources researched that are the market, office, pharmacy, bakery, river, pension, bath and the fitness club. These elements have such a low percentage because there were identified only one building of this type. The second lowest percentage is owned by the casinos and hotels with 5%, followed with 8% by the restaurant, coffee shops and buildings, with 10% the next type is the banks. The second highest one with 15% is owned by the supermarkets and the most common type researched in the field is the church one with 21%.(Chart 4.3)

Histogram

In order to illustrate the scoring system of the Ioșia neighbourhood elements a column chart was created that highlights the differences between the resources based on its score. The chart is structered in an ascending order dividing the classes between them whit a scoring system structured between 5 and 10 and it has a legend that explains the meaning of the colors used, where green is natural attraction, red is man-made attraction, blue is accomodation facility, yellow is restauration facility, orange is entertainment facility and with purple is the other category.

The lowest scored resource is the Ștrandul Ioșia bath with a 5. There are four elements scored with a 6 from which we can recognize a man-made attraction and three elements from the other category. The next score is 7 where are six elements in total, one man-made attraction, a restauration facility, an entertainment facility and three from the other category. Scored with 8 we can identify eight elements, five from the man-made attrations, one accomodation facility, a restauration facility and one element from the other category. The second highest score is the 9, that has a total of ten elements, one natural attraction, one man-made resources, two accomodation facilites, a restauration facility, three entertainment facilities and two elements from the other category. And finally with the highest score there are three restauration facilites and seven elements from the other category. The avarage score of all the elements researched in the Ioșia neighbourhood is a 8,3 with 20 elements that scored higher than 8 and 11 elements with lower than 8, plus the eight resources that have the final score of 8. (Chart 4.3)

4.2 Data interpretation

Ioșia district has a good potential because it is located near the city center but it is far enough from the agglomeration that it provides, therefore it is a quiet neighbourhood suitable for tourist leisure activities.

Analyzing the table and the charts we can identify the fact that this district lacks lot of natural, man-made, accomodation, restoration and entertainment units.

The only significant natural resource from this area is the Crișul Repede river, but this element is in bad condition because it is not maintained correctly on the left side of it. In comparison with Rogerius district, that is on the right side of the river, we can see the differences that is composed by a modern bycicle path, boats in form swan for entertainment and in general the infrastructure is more modern. On the left side the wilderness is strong along the poorly maintained path with no entertainment units. The lack of bigger parks is another problem for this district because the previous natural resource was transformed into parking spots.

The diversity of the man-made resources is another noticeable problem of this district because except the churches there are no other man-made resources that can be visited by the tourist. This district lacks the historical, cultural, economic resources, the monuments and even the actual tourist objectives, therefore the true touristic potential can not be high enough to attract the tourist because of the lack of interest of these churches by itself, they can not provide enough satisfaction of the tourist demand because the totality of the objectives can be visited in a day, therefore the tourist stay is really low.

The actual accomodation facilities from the district are enough for the current touristic demand but in order to develop a major one the district has to construct more of them in order to satisfy the higher needs of the tourist. After a development the actual 8% of the accomodation facilities will not be enough supply the tourist with accomodation.

The restauration facilities are a wide-spread in North Ioșia but in Old Ioșia and South Ioșia these elements are almost none. The tourists demands these elements in order to continue the discovery of the tourist objectives. The lack of this element, especially in the Old Ioșia district where most of the churches are situated, can be considered a problem because a tourist does not have a building where it can reload the energy that was lost during the stay. In North Ioșia this can not be considered a problem because the restauration facilities are mostly small but they are all over the place.

We can identify a lack of entertainment facility types in the Ioșia neighbourhodd because this element is only composed by casinos, bath, fitness club, arena and a cultural house. The diversity of this resource is really important for the tourist needs in order to relax while they entertain themselfes. Other entertainment facilities that can be developed in this area are the theather, cinema, ping-pond and biliard buildings, karting and others.

A noticable inequality of the elements is the majority of other category resources, that can be explained by the fact that this district is an accomodation area for the locals and in order to satisfy their daily needs there are lots of supermarkets, banks, pharmacies, bakeries and others.

5. Solutions and proposals for the tourist development of Ioșia neighbourhood

The fact that the Ioșia neighbourhood is not the most suitable district from Oradea city for touristic activites is justified by the lack of resources from the area. In order to transform an initially created accomodation area for the locals that is mostly composed of elderly population a massive and expensive development is required. Ioșia is not the most suitable district for cultural, religious, balneary, sport or agrotourism unit.

The cultural tourism unit aspect of Ioșia district is really low because it does not have cultural resources, the elements that are part of the culture of the city are situated in the city center in form of the strongold ruin, palaces and museums. Although the district has all the elements to become a religious touristic area because it has the most common religious cengregations, the churches does not have significant touristic potential. The balneary tourism development can be a failed attempt to create a touristic site because the competition is already high because of the nearby, already developed, balneary tourism units that are Băile Felix, Băile 1 Mai, Aquapark Nymphea or even the Hungarospa from Hajdúszoboszló.

The aspect of agrotourism unit of Ioșia district is feasible because of the extensive rural houses present in the Old Ioșia district but most of the times this is practiced in smaller villages with a particular cultural condition that can be identified by the clothing, habits and traditions. This element is missing because the locals from rural houses have adapted the urban lifestile leaving aside the simple rural life, therefore the tourist can not see the hard working villagers or even join them.

A possible development of the Ioșia district is into a tourism sports unit because of the presence of the only inside arena of the city. The city has other sport fields in form of football fields widespread, but neither of the other neighbourhoods has a covered arena and this gives Ioșia district an advantage to develop a sports tourism unit. The neighbourhood has a high development chance in the sports unit because it not only has the Arena Antonio Alexe sports hall with the inside arena, where most of important baschet, volley and handball matches are held but in this area there are two outside tennis fields and a football field. Here are present other smaller sport groups like fencing, karate combined with the main baschetball, volleyball and handball groups that can be joined by everyone.

The development in the field of sports can be a succesfull one because it already has all the elements that are required for the touristic activites but the only missing part is the promotion of it. Lately highly searched are the sports destinations, where the guests can actively assist or participate in sporting activites that can be the simple match watching from audience or even joining them for a training.

Another possible development for this district can be the educational tourism unit. Educational or learning types of tourism can take a variety of forms and can be understood according to a scale ranging from ‘general interest in learning while travelling’ at one end to ‘purposeful learning and travel’ at the other. This has two categories, the first category is the travellers that take guilded tours in order to learn and educate themselves. The second type would represent tourists dedicated to take part in distinct educational training courses. (Haukeland J. V. 2013) (https://www.nmbu.no/sites/default/files/pdfattachments/protour_arbeidsdokument_mo_50369-2013.pdf)

This neighbourhood can profit from the second type of educational tourists because this area can offer them a silent space where they can peacefully learn. Most of the persons from the second type of educational tourists are students that are situated come from a different country in order to learn from a foreign University. An important aspect can be the bus service number 14 that provides a direct route to the University. Another important element can be the courses that are held in the Casa Tineretului building and other aspect is the student dormitory that is situated near North Ioșia owned by the University of Oradea.

In order to develop an educational tourism unit in this district the most important character is the satisfaction of the students that would have the accomodation in this area. The youth, that are part of the second type, not only search for a calm accomodation unit but they have other needs that can be, entertainment in form of discos, pubs, concerts or other social events or buildings.

6. Conclusions

In conlusion, Ioșia neighbourhood from Oradea city is a periphery district that has really small touristic potential but this does not mean that in time it will not develope into a major touristic unit after the whole city evolves into a larger unit.

Using the literature knowledge collected referring to the tourist territory survey i was able to merge it into practice using the field survey to collect the esential data from the field this being the research on the terrain.

Along the territory survey of the Ioșia district there were identified the natarul resources, man-made resources, accomodation units, restoration units, entertainment units and other buildings that can be userful for a tourists daily life in order to analyse them in tables and charts to examplify the strenghts and weaknesses of the district, which elements need additional buildings in order to satisfy the tourist needs.

It is possible that this area will become the only tourist sports unit from the whole city because the city council finds this a profitable aspect and another achievable idea can be the educational and youth touristic unit development of the neighbourhood in order to move the city night life from the cultural touristic unit from the city center, because the youth can damage or even destroy the valuable palaces from the area.

Ioșia district could have the potential to be a major touristic unit because almost all of the elements can be identified in smaller or larger quantity, but in comparison to the city center, that is the real touristic potential, this district can not be considered a matching opponent of it and most of the development is processed in the city center or other neighbourhoods, leaving this district only a periphery with accomodation units for the elderly locals.

References:

Autor articol apud Moriarty (1981) ……….. https://gammathetaupsilon.org/the-geographical-bulletin/1980s/volume26/article3.pdf, accesat la

Supariu M, 2012, Municipiul Oradea. Studiu de Geografie Urbana, http://arhiva-www.uoradea.ro/attachment/791672704232e82e41d0a31a6bc16159/4f6577c9f0de60c96484f062a6ceee40/Stupariu-Marius-rezumat.pdf

Annex 1

District:

Legend:

A- natural attraction

B-man-made attraction

C-accommodation facilities

D-restauration facilities (restaurant, café, pub, etc)

E-entertainment facilities

F-other