GDB GIS, an informatic system of the management of prospecting and [615933]

GDB GIS, an informatic system of the management of prospecting and
geological research activities, the component of the digital Mine

VIRGIL MIHAI GH.M. RĂDULESCU, CORINA RĂDULESCU
Department of Resourses, Geodesy and Mining
Technical University of Cluj Napoca
CUNBM, str.dr.Victor Babes, nr.62A, 430183 Baia Mare
ROMANIA
[anonimizat] http://www.utcn.ro

A
bstract: – The MDB GIS Mining Data Base Geographical Information System is a new concept developed by
the authors from the MGIS, Mining GIS, through modulation and the adding of software and databases that will
lead to improved computerization of the mining activity. Considering the advantages and complexity of GIS,
the authors has kept this powerful information tool as a platform of the project, although the ability of GIS
technology in underground mining has not been fully realized. However, this technology provides adequate
capacity to solve problems involving the integration and analysis of spatial and descriptive data from a variety
of sources, the development of the MDB GIS project also being based on this characteristic. The entire mining
activity is based on geological research, prospecting and exploration, all data from these activities being needed
in order to create the geological database which, introduced in a GIS system, led to the formation of GGIS,
Geological GIS. What role do the geological data, included or not in GGIS, play in the configuration of MDB
GIS type mining databases is the theme of the paper, which I will try to answer.

Key-Words: – MDB GIS, mining databases, Geological GIS, mining industry.

1 Introduction
The global financial and economic crisis has also
left its strong mark on the global mining industry
but, paradoxically, the demand for raw materials has
remained constant. The mining industry has seen
spectacular growth in Africa, Asia, especially China
and India, Australia, Canada largely caused by the
exponential growth of raw materials from Asian
countries, primarily China and the transnational
nature of big mining corporations. In the EU,
Finland aims to promote, together with Sweden,
measures to encourage the mining industry at EU
level by promoting the extractive industry,
especially in the sector of metals, as a measure to
reduce the impact of the global economic crisis and
increase economic competitiveness by reducing
imports. The degree of computerization of mining
companies is extremely varied from mine to mine,
but the before mentioned transnational nature of the
extractive industry paradoxically makes some mines
in Africa, Senegal, Ghana, South Africa, Botswana
or Latin America, Chile, Peru to have a higher rate
of computerization compared to mining
organizations in countries with a centuries old
mining activity like the ones in Europe. The
computerization ways are different, with some companies opting for mining software, others
developing GIS platforms. Others, very rare, have
combined the two methods and most have
developed custom general software, tailored for the
field[2].

2 View on the issue
One may find, as we have said before, that the
largest mining companies use software specialized
for certain activities, that very few companies have
implemented a GIS computer system, including
only some activities, that there is specialized
software for mining activities, some very powerful
and widely recognized by large companies in the
field, and that, at a conceptual level, the big GIS
software manufacturers are prepared to enter the
mining market, to the extent that it is ready for
major changes in organizational management. The
most complete mining computer system was
designed by IBM (Indian Bureau of Mines) at the
order of the Indian government, originally entitled
Mineral Information System (MIS) which contains a
number of databases among which GIS. Niche
information systems in mining or in complementary
areas were created and work very well, for example
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in geology there is GeoGRAFX GDMS, in mining
the Mining Information System, created by
Trimble.There were public exposures, through the
web, of databases such as Web4Based Geotechnical
GIS developed and implemented by the Alabama
Department of Transportation. From the context will
result that, in addition to domestic needs which
caused the computerization of the mining industry,
there were also two collateral causes, the first one
input 4 geological activity , the other output 4
environmental monitoring. In recent years these
areas have seen a strong process of computerization,
especially on GIS, and this can boost the
computerization of the entire mining industry.

2. The new concept of MDB GIS –
Mining Data Bank Geographical
Informational System
MDB GIS is a summary of the author's view on data
making up the 'life'' of a mining company, the way it
collects, selects, handles, manages, updates in order
to computerize its activity as much as possible, in a
permanent action and desire for efficient
management. The new concept, according to the
author, is modulated starting from a trunk which
defines the initiated information system in
minimalist terms. The system will allow the addition
of an infinite number of modules at the "data" level,
relational" level, "programs4software applications",
"processing equipment", but also at the level of the
components in the "database management system"
and last but not least at the "users" level.
The geospatial solution, basic idea of the MDB GIS
concept of georeferencing all information entered
into the system, is the skeleton upon which
specialized interfaces shall be developed for data
loading / consultation and loading / association from
existing applications. This solution is the first step
in a process in which all administrative sectors of
the unit will contribute with local information to the
central database, creating all the prerequisites for an
objective justification of decisions regarding short4
term, medium4term and long4term strategies for
spatial development of the mining institution[3].
The result is a system which provides geospatial
data collection from several perspectives, processing
and organizing thereof into a single database and
provides georeferenced information in a centralized
way that represents the basis for making the most
appropriate decisions in terms of realistic
management for mining.
MDB GIS will be a Geospatial Data Bank (BDG),
the geospatial component of an integrated
information system for an entire mining institution. At the end of implementation, MDB GIS will
exceed, through scope and complexity, the initial
requirements. Thus, through specialized
applications, hundreds of users will be able to
access and manage geospatial information within a
virtually infinite number of distinct workflows. In
building MDB GIS I followed these steps:
/head2right We have identified the components of the
new system (Fig. 1),
/head2right We have determined the distribution of
information in the newly created system
(Fig. 2),
/head2right We have identified the Sources of
information, actors involved and the
meaning of links created in the Mining Data
Bank Geographical Information System,
MDB GIS (Fig. 3),
/head2right We have established the structure of
research in the Mining Data Bank
Geographical Information System, MDB
GIS configuration.
A new computer system was created, defined in the
paper and called Mining Data Bank Geographical
Information System MDB GIS. Creating a mining
database, specifically a new concept of mining
database, the already defined MDB GIS. The four
stages also represent the logistics of configuring the
thesis into chapters, the eight chapters of the thesis
fitting thematically into the four groups of issues.
An important statement should be made here: the
MDB GIS mining database will have two meanings,
the first being the general theme of the thesis: a
database concept in which the structure,
components, the organizational implementation
strategy, modularity, etc. are interesting; the second,
related to the content of the data bank, named
software, information on mining computerization,
centralized and presented unified, strategies and
steps in the construction of the base.

3 Nature, content of geological
information and the integration into
the mdb gis computer system
From a structural point of view, the system can
be represented as a set of two subsystems. The
first records objects obtained by performing
several stages of geological research. The
second subsystem shall record the objects with
right to use of underground sectors, in the form
of geological or mining areas, where geological
research is carried out, useful mineral
substances are extracted, other types of
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underground exploitation is performed, as well
as the beneficiaries of the underground, mining
companies etc. The system should ensure the
basic functions of the standard information
system, set in the effective legislation, and the
specific functions arising from the system
destination and are grouped into the following
functional blocks:

Figure 1. Mining Data Bank Geographical
Informational System components

Figure 2. Distribution of information in MDB
G
IS

Figure 3. Sources of information, actors
i
nvolved and the meaning of links created in
the Mining Data Bank Geographical
Informational System (MDB GIS)

1) The "Underground" functional block which
i
ncludes records of[5]:
A) objects of the geological structure;
B) deposits of useful minerals;
C) hydro4geological data;
D) geological processes and phenomena;
E) geophysical processes and phenomena;
F) geo4environmental data;
G) underground geological research work;
2) The "Underground use" functional block
which includes records of:
A) types of underground use;
B) sectors of the underground assigned for use;
C) natural and technogenic openings;
D) the economic activity of agents who use the
underground.
The functional characteristics of the "underground"
and "underground use" blocks allow service of
providing analytical and statistical information to
different users, depending on their legal status and
the requested information:
1) publication of statements and statistical analysis
on the monitoring of the geological environment;
dangerous geological processes; underground use;
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Figure 4. System’s informational space (Source:
A
utomated Information System „State
Geological Register” of the Republic of
Moldova) 2) presenting analytical information on deposits of
useful minerals;
3) publication of materials on the procedures and
results of contests on the allocation of use of
underground sectors;
4) presentation of registration documents;
5) publication of maps with geological content;
6) other services.
Documents that are the basis for entering data
into the system are the following:
1) geological reports on the geological, hydro
geological, geological engineering, geophysical,
geochemical and geo4regional ecological works
carried out,
2) geological reports on the monitoring of the
geological, hydro geological, geological engineering
and environmental state of the underground;
3) annual statements of the beneficiaries of the
underground;
4) record of works concerning geological research
of the underground.
Technological documents:
1) deposit passport;
2) passport for natural openings and mining
excavations;
3) operating probe and spring file;
4) file for landslides and other dangerous exogenous
processes;
5) claims by beneficiaries of the underground;
6) minutes of the State Committee for useful
mineral reserves on approving useful mineral
reserves;
7) documents for coordination of permits for drilling
mining probes and exploration wells for water and
building underground water inlets;
8) documents to coordinate materials on the special
use of water and design of water probes from
ground water;
9) projects for the award of mining perimeters
(areas);
10) documents for the coordination of construction
objectives;
11) the geological conclusion document;
12) minutes of the contest for the right to use
underground sectors for prospecting and exploration
or for extraction of minerals;
13) state cadastre of deposits and manifestations of
useful mineral substances;
14) cadastre of natural openings and mining
excavations;
15) water cadastre;
16) state balance of useful mineral reserves;
17) register of contracts for the right to use the
underground sector; State
Registe
r of
Legal
State
Registe
r of
popula
State
land
cadastr
e
Real
estate
cadastr
e
GIS
Ecologi
cal
survey
GIS
Industr
ial
objects
GIS
Water
resourc
es
GIS
Emerg
encies Geological
perimeter
Mining
area
Terrain
Geological
document
Mining
excavation
Mining
company
Water inlet
Construction
for water
collection
Acquifer Beneficiary of
the underground
Exogenous
geological
process
Event Geological
structure
Geological
entity
Rock
Useful
mineral
deposit Basic
digital
map State
Registe
r of
Form
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18) register for mining perimeters (mining
objectives);
19) cadastre of landslides and other dangerous
exogenous geological processes;
20) mining perimeter.

T
able 1

Table 2

4 Conclusions
Geological information is a basic component of
the information system of mining companies.
The fact that the first steps in the process of
moving from the information system to the
computerized one, basically the
computerization of mining activities, were done
with geological data results in the formation of
a major foothold in future actions for the long
awaited "digital mine".

R
eferences:
[1] Rădulescu M.V.G., Radulescu A.T.G., Bădescu
G. , (2010), “GIS Applications in the Field of
Maramures Mining” , 2010 ESRI
Survey&Engineering GIS Summit, 10412 IULIE,
2010, San Diego, California, SUA,
[2] Radulescu, M.V.G.(2012), Contributions to the
realization of a concept on creating mining data
bank, PHD Thesys, University of Petrosani, Faculty
of Mines, Scientific Coordinator, Prof. univ. dr. ing.
Nicolae DIMA
[3] Virgil Mihai Rădulescu, Corina Radulescu „
Mining Data Bank GIS as Part of an Efficient
System in Mining „ , 196 de pagini, LAP
LAMBERT Academic Publishing,
No.
MBD GIS
Code
GEOLOGICAL
DOCUMENTATION
Information Content ,
Observations
***Names and classifications
from the computerized
Geological Register of the
Republic of Moldova were
used
1 2 3
1. GEO001 1) geological reports on the
geological, hydro geological,
geological engineering,
geophysical, geochemical and
geo4 ecological regional works
carried out, as well as reports for
prospecting and exploration of
useful mineral deposits,
approved in the established
timeframe
2. GEO002 2) geological reports on the
monitoring of the geological,
hydro geological, geological
engineering and environmental
state of the underground;
3. GEO003 3) annual statements of the
beneficiaries of the underground,
according to forms 54gr and 64
gr, established by Government
Decision no. 418 / April 17,
2007;
4. GEO004 4) recording of works
concerning geological research
of the underground.
5. GEO005 1) deposit passport; No. Information Nature
of Geo
Referen.
3D
T
SSD Informatio
n source MBD GIS
integration
type
Data
base GIS
layer
1 4 5 6 7 8
1. Primary
geological
documents YES COMP. * *
2. ,, YES COMP. * *
3. ,, YES COMP. *
4. ,, YES COMP. * *
5. Technological
documents YES COMP. * *
Recent Researches in Applied Economics and Management – Volume II
ISBN: 978-960-474-324-7
292

AV Akademikerverlag GmbH & Co. KG,
Saarbrücken ,Germania, ISBN 97843465944096844
[4] Rădulescu C., Rădulescu
M.V.G.,(2011),Approaches of the management
informational systems regarding the implementation
of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the
mining basins of Romania, International
Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference & expo
SGEM, the 12th international geoconference SGEM
2011, 17 4 23 june, 2011,. paper 92, Section 7.
"Geodesy and Mine Surveying"
http://www.sgem.org/sche_pub_schedule.php ,
scientific data based indexing ISI Web of Science,
Web of Knowledge, CrossRef and Scopus.
[5] MIS4MINERAL INFORMATION
SYSTEM(2011), Indian Bureau of Mines,
http://ibm.nic.in/reportch7.13.pdf , accesed at
12.02.2012.
[6] http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&v
iew=doc&lang=1&id=336563 , , site accesat la 2
mai 2011
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