Doug Schaufler, P .E., Ph.D. [607047]

Oil Seed Crops
&
Oil Pressing
Doug Schaufler, P .E., Ph.D.
Farm Services & Operations
The Pennsylvania State University
University Park, PA

Oil Seed Crop Yield
PlantYield (seed)
lbs/acreBiodiesel
gal/acrePlantYield (seed)
lbs/acreBiodiesel
gal/acre
Corn 7800 18 Safflower 1500 83
Oats 3600 23 Rice 6600 88
Cotton 1000 35 Sunflower 1200 100
Soybean 2000 48 Peanut 2800 113
Mustard 1400 61 Rapeseed 2000 127
Camelina 1500 62 Coconut** 3600 287
Crambe 1000 65 Oil palm** 6251 635
** Yield given in lbs of oil/acre
Source: Biofuel Variety Trials Factsheet, USDA -ARS and WSU, Prosser, WA

Various oil crop seeds
Camolina Soybeans Canola

Camolina
SoybeansCanola
Various oil crop seeds

PSU Experience with Canola
Young crop

In flower
PSU Experience with Canola

Ready for harvestPSU Experience with Canola

Harvest
PSU Experience with Canola

Additional cleaningPSU Experience with Canola

Canola seedPSU Experience with Canola

Harvest –spring/summer 2008
~ 40 bushels/acre
~2.25 gallons of oil/bushel
= 90 gallons of oil/acrePSU Experience with Canola

PSU Experience with Sunflowers
2007: 1530 lb/a=612 lb oil/acre=80 gal/acre

PSU (not) Experience with Sunflowers

HarvestPSU Experience with Sunflowers

Methods of extracting oil from oil seeds
•Solvent extraction (hexane extraction)
•Cold pressing (expeller pressed)

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Kern Kraft 40 press

PSU Experience with Seed Press
ExpellerOil
Meal

Cross Section of Komet Expeller

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Expeller with head and barrel removed

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Barrel

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Temperature

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Canola Meal

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Heater band
Heater band on press

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Controls

PSU Experience with Seed Press
100 ml canola oil settled for ~ 5 days

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Initial filtering

PSU Experience with Seed Press
Final filtering
Currently
•25 µ
•5 µ
•1 µ

Fendt vegetable oil
powered tractor –
introduced by OEM
Fall, 2008 in Europe:
option not available
in North America

PSU Experience with SVO machinery
New Holland T7060 tractor
Case 621E front -end loader

Additional oil treatment may be necessary
Clarification -filtering
Degumming –removing phospholipids
Refining –FFA’s stripped with NaOH
Bleaching –color reduction, standardization
Deodorizing -distillation

http://attra.ncat.org/attra -pub/PDF/oilseed.pdfAdditional Information