China’s Ascending In The Global Economy

CHINA’S ASCENDING IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

China’s economy does not register in the economical known pattern regarding the developed countries and undeveloped ones the concept ’another development’ shows that the final purpose in the development of a country is not the production and the economic development or the equalization of the PIB for every inhabitant but the satisfacion of the social-human needs.

China is known as People’s Republic of China on the worldwide scene, is a country from the East of Asia the third country regarding the surface after Russia and Canada, it was gifted whith a multitude of natural resources, from the infield to mineral resources. Due to this richness, the country exploited different types of belongings to different parts of the world. If you know something about China you will know that a big part of its income is due to the exports, this making China one of the greatest exporting country in the world.

Being the second state regarding the economy asfter U.S.A. it could flourish in all the areas of activity. The studies made upon the economy of China have prove that the country has registred constant increases regarding the exports fact that lead to the economic development.

Until 2015 China was the world's fastest-growing major economy, with growth rates averaging 10% over 30 years. Due to historical and political facts of China's developing economy, China's public sector accounts for a bigger share of the national economy than the burgeoning private sector.

Due to all the factors I have presented so far ,which, is in fact nothing compared to what the Chinese economy really means I have decided that my paper work will be about the economy of this country. Because in very interesting how in such a short time a country has registered an amazing economic growth and managed to develop itself in almost all known fields worldwide. Is a true miracle the ascending that put The Republic of China in the first top 3 economical power of the world in less than 30 years.

The paper work is structured in 5 chapters.

In the first chapter is the presentation of China’s economy regarding Population, Development rate, Demography Stage of economic development, Types of economy- Public sector versus State-owned sector, Natural resources, Caring for the environment Inflation, Unemployment, Labor market, Rural society versus Urban society. All this things as an introduction in the economy nowadays how is seen by other countries a straight review, the structure. To what economical level has arrived at this moment, the basic notions such as China being the most populated country in the world with a population over 1.35 billions or how the Chinese space program is one of the world’s most active, and a major source of national pride.

The second chapter is about China’s economy 30 years ago, because this is the moment when the economy started to flourish. The beginning of the Chinese miracle, Reforms, Labor force, Communist China or Capitalist China.

China, having been through a long period of economic downturn before 1978, has recently become one of the world's major economic powers, following the implementation of economic reform from 1979. China shows a great development potential from its remarkable economic growth rate in these years. Due to historical and political facts of China's developing economy, China's public sector accounts for a bigger share of the national economy than the burgeoning private sector.

The third chapter Alterative patterns- miracle or illusion, Technological import or technological export, Risks, Competitive environment – Chinese reality, Industrialization by copying. This chapter is about the great achievements of China based on the economy nowadays, due to what it has increased due to what factors and what are the domains in which it has the greatest earnings.

China is a global hub for manufacturing, and is the largest manufacturing economy in the world as well as the largest exporter of goods in the world. China is also the world's fastest growing consumer market and second largest importer of goods in the world. China is a net importer of services products.

China is the largest trading nation in the world and plays a vital role in international trade, and has increasingly engaged in trade organizations and treaties in recent years.

The fourth chapter. Trends, Chinese copies better than the original, The perception of the future. Until where? Total industrialization or environment protection.

This chapter is about how is the ascending seen in the years that are to come. What is the road that the economy will take in the next years. We all know about the Chinese copies and about the fact that they keep getting better and better maybe at some point they will be better than the original itself. For the time being the pollution is a big problem due to the fact that a lot of enterprises are built and China is the biggest exporter of colt and most of the energetic firms have colt as the main product.

The fifth chapter is presenting another China, a China seen through Art, Culture, Sports and The amazing achievements that China has. Everybody knows that this country’s culture and history is one of the oldest that the world have ever known no words are good enough to describe the greatness of Chinese art. In the end the last sub-chapter is China seen through the eyes of a European which will be my own opinion, what I have experienced there and how I see things after I lived there for half a year.

In a few words this is the summary of my paper work, I have tried to put down some of the ideas that will be developed on a larger scale in the paper work itself. As I said before I consider that this ascending is not something to leave aside and I think it should be detailed because it can really be seen as a miracle, the miracle of our age regarding the economy.

At this point nobody can foresee the road that the economy of People’s Republic of China will go for now on. We can only wait to be surprised again by the force of this country

1 Overview of the Chinese economy

1.1 population/development rate/ demography

China as population represents over a fifth of the globe’s population. This shows the dimension of the fantastic effort made by China to develop economically morally and socially, but at the same time explains the impact of their development on the world’s economy. The Chinese civilization is one of the best structuralized and individualized society. China as a country is the third as surface after Russia and Canada, has the biggest population in the entire world. It’s name, Zhongguo 中国, means the middle country, these making a reference to the Chinese belief that said that the country is the geographical center of the earth.

Demographically speaking, China has a population of over 1.3 billion of inhabitants and with the diminutions of the natural resource the Chinese government is extremely worried with the increasing rhythm of the population. That’s why China tried to implement a policy of family planning, named The Policy of the Only Child. Before 2013 this policy limited families to have only one child, excepting the ethnic minorities and in some ways the rural areas. An important changed occurred in 2013 in the way that allowed some families to have two children in the case in which one of the parents was an only child. China’s government will maintain this policy at least until 2020. There are certainness oppositions regarding this policy of the only child mostly in the rural areas due to the necessity of workforce in agriculture but also for the Chinese traditional preference for having a male child. The report between the policy of the only child and the preference for male children constitutes an imbalance in the sex ratio at birth. According to recent statistics the middle class population of China reached more than 300 million people. Despite this, China is thus the second country with the highest number of billionaires in the world.

In recent years, China's fast economic growth has lead to a serious raise of the consumer inflation, leading to an increase in government regulation. China has a high level of economic inequality that has grown in recent decades.

Inflation / unemployment / labor market

Labor market, as the element of the reform, has grown rapidly in ninety years. The development of the private firms facilitated the absorption of the urban labor force and that was affected by collective redundancies, and even rural labor force who migrate to urban areas. The flexibility of employment and practicing differentiation room bio absorbability are significant examples of penetration of the market economic principles.

In the vast majority of its rural origin, China's population was generally a reservoir of cheap labor for coastal regions more industrialized. This migration toward the city can not continue indefinitely, due especially to large metropolitan agglomeration excessive. In addition there is already a phenomenon of migration of private enterprises inwards in search of lower human costs. If this trend continues, we could see a growing contribution from China's significant domestic national GDP, including per inhabitant. Even if the same regions of coastal development will diminish gradually with achieving the full potential given local conditions.

Instead traditional importers will try to absorb the volume of export result, a reason to stimulate the development of domestic demand. China currently struggles to find new markets where financial capital can be invested.

1.2 stage of economic development

China’s economy can not be framed in any of the economical systems known by the Europeans. The vision of the great Deng Xiaoping 邓小平became real. Also Mao Zedong, the great communist leader thought that the big difference between the population of the rural area and the population from the urban society was the cause of the social difference in China. After all these years of reform the artisan of the new republic of China gave the Chinese economy a fast rhythm of development that proved to be one of the biggest in the world. At that time there were no solid premises either for the amazing growth of China nor for the growth of the competitiveness in such a elaborate way. These is the way in which are seen the radical changes form China in every domain of activity until now and the ones that will follow. No political or economical analyst had foreseen China’s advance in social and economical domains. China’s future is tight to the degree cohesion of the total political and moral control of the Chinese country.

The beginning of the economical reform from 1978 that had implemented the national socio-cultural model of the mentality that explains the majority of the reform’s orientations and the specific ways of fixing the specific problems. Also, in the same way, are the perspectives made by the Chinese specialists of the continuation of this process of economic reform and a powerful opening of the Chinese economy towards the exterior in 1978 two years after the stopping of the cultural revolution that had lead the Chinese economy on the edge. That is the moment when the Chinese economy had known a uninterrupted development superior to other countries due to their fast rhythm of their economical growth. The economical growth of China had improved the living standards of the population, fixing the problem of clothes and food.

The main key of solving any problem is that all major changes produced by the reform is first thoroughly experienced in pilot units, then on the base of the results of the successful attempts, the change is distributed with better chances of success throughout the economy.

Deng Xiaoping showed, however, in 1992, that for a country with an underdeveloped economy like that of China is not recommended the adoption of lower growth rhythms, but rather should be identified and valued appropriately all the means and opportunities for the achievement of a high development rate being the only possibility to overcome the condition of backward economy, with low efficiency and competiveness.

The Reform of the Chinese economy started in 1978 and is a process of an outstanding amplitude and complexity, which has profound effects on all the areas of the society, evidenced by radical transformations that have occurred and will occur further and deriving in a coherent and flexible concept regarding the key objectives to be achieved and ways forward to achieve them

The amplitude of the outstanding transformations driven by the reform so far can be assessed realistically if one takes into account the condition of the Chinese economy at the beginning of the reform process, which presented the following features: a high degree of centralization; low efficiency (productivity, profitability) and competitiveness, boosted by significant setback recorded during the Cultural Revolution; unbalanced economic structure, abnormal, away from those specific to a modern economy; very small opening to the world economy.

Chinese impact was made gradually. By opening the Chinese economy to foreign investment, industrial relocations and stimulate private sector development has taken place today. China currently seek to increase domestic demand to make the economy less dependent on exports. China would support an increase in wages lower GDP growth, while the increase as higher earnings and savings. Real wage growth in Chinese industry is due to demography today rather than the economy. Chinese companies find now fewer young people available for intensive chores than 10 years ago.

  Worried by the global crisis, China has decided to support sectors that relied on export and have been flooded with aid and cheap loans. It is needed also to take into consideration the effect on the population while the Chinese are still poor.

Currently Chinese investments have a big advantage that UK, France, USA or countries with a generally functioning democracy: they are not guided by the degree of freedom or human rights.

Chinese industry is in itself a successful story, but full of shadows. Started through statist initiatives is today owned by the state in a significant proportion. Has developed in recent decades due to the influx of foreign capital, particularly Western investment capital and know-how have led to unprecedented growth. But if today there is a competitive industry, the pursuit of new markets, not only by merit or by the state leadership of the working individual quality. According to economic analysts Western constant practice is stealing technology through industrial espionage, but in the last decade and by forming joint ventures with Western companies..

This collaboration, apparently voluntary, is actually the result of taxation. In china a Western company wants to open a branch in China sees its conditional entry by finding a local partner, finally, invariably ends up becoming his rival, a competitor unfairly.

1.3Types of economy- public sector versus state owned

The economic idea is based on classical economic privatization, liberalization, fight against corruption, the promotion of democracy and human rights. The Chinese system focuses on structural development (railways, ports, dams, etc.) and economic (industry, mines, oil). However the state ownership has a fundamental role. According to the Chinese model, only the government is the one that manages the transition, and that only by maintaining control over properties and finances. The private sector develops itself as the result of the economic growth,. Economic analysts say China is perceived as a country that has grown economically without relying substantially on private entrepreneurship and private property. Time has clearly proved that China's resistance to the current economic crisis seems to be an additional argument to support the superiority of this system of control over the authoritarian economy towards the democracies subject to market mechanisms. Despite official statements of the single party, an analysis of the reforms in the 80s, which were the basis of China's spectacular economic growth, it shows that these measures were more conventional than they appear at first glance.

China has evolved according to the reform precisely because of the implementation of very important political changes. The years that followed the Cultural Revolution, after the collective farm system and the strict control by the state over production, Deng Xiaoping, in 1978, began an extensive program of economic reforms. Deng's Chinese strategy was described by the metaphor of "crossing the river by feeling the stones". This metaphor shows a very cautious and slow transition towards the market economy. But in fact were a series of bold steps. In his book Capitalism with Chinese characteristics, it shows that the Chinese had success having as basic ingredients private entrepreneurship, private property, financial and even political reforms

In China the most dynamic entrepreneurs, the ones inclined to take risks and the most talented are in rural areas. One of the interesting innovations that have characterized economic revival in the Chinese economy '80s were "town and village enterprises" These units are considered successors of the communist collective farms were the engine of the Chinese economy until mid 90s

These units were more or less related to the local state administration, practically , the property was mostly private. In the '80s there is a massive and rapid privatization of the communist cooperatives, in a period in which the term privatization itself was considered "subversive". It was another face of local state authorities that saved communist ideology and gave him the financial means to survive.

China Companies have appeared and so rapidly absorbed a significant proportion of the workforce in rural areas, which had as effect a rapid reduction of poverty. In the same period, state financial institutions have credited private activity in rural areas, and private financial institutions were encouraged by China's Central Bank to compete alongside with the state one to reduce the cost of the access to finance. It is interesting that most of these private companies were located in the poorest areas of China

The real Chinese miracle is the poverty reduction: In a few years paradoxically China managed to reduce poverty in a unique in history. Between 1981 and 2004, over 500 million Chinese were out of poverty. And this evolution is maintained, but alongside with this reduction of poverty, income disparities between rural population and the population in urban areas of China have increased in a clearly visible way. The private initiative in China did not limited only to the rural areas. Driven by the dynamics of the rural and small towns, a number of private entrepreneurs have searched business opportunities in the large cities where it was not allowed the establishment of private companies. Thus, there were founded number of "state" companies but behind them being in fact private entrepreneurs who have invested their own capital and that drove these companies after the pure principles of the market

The best example is given by the history of the creation of Lenovo, the Chinese giant who bought the PC division of IBM. The company was founded in 1984 by a group of researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. They have taken loans from banks of about $ 25,000; money that they borrowed for the foundation of what would later be Lenovo. The state institution, was actually a front for a private investment that could not be registered in such a way in urban 80s

Private dynamics of the '80s began, however, to be considered a threat to the maintenance of the status- quo politics. So '90s marked a return to more control, a reversal of the reform that animated the 80s and underpinning Chinese miracle.

Rural areas began to be neglected in favor of the urban ones. Local government in rural areas was becoming more centralized, and access to funding has been drastically restricted. The state apparatus has expanded strongly in the 90s and the 80s liberal policy measures were discontinued and replaced by opposite measures.

The policy of development in that period was based on the encouraging of the foreign investments and exports. The obsession of attracting foreign capital was manifested often in the detriment of the local populations, mainly those in rural areas who were displaced without any compensation to make way for the installation of new corporations. Not even the policy that supports the exports with at all costs has helped the development of the local consumption and the progress made in the fight against poverty has weakened in intensity. These policies have ensured though to maintain the dynamics of the economic growth, however, it was rather beneficial for the consumers in developed countries, which have enjoyed lower prices due to Chinese competition.

The return to reforms was made gradually, starting with the 2000s, which were marked by China's accession to the World Trade Organization and the gradual privatization of major state companies in sectors reserved long state monopoly (banking, oil, telecommunications)

1.4Natural resources/ carrying for the environment

China has a very varied landscape, it has one of the important characteristics of Asia scenery

The climate is varied, influenced the settlement and relief. The specific of China's territory belongs to the excessive temperate continental climate. Talky Makin deserts, Jung aria and the Gobi desert climate has character, and in the mountainous regions of western climate is story. South and southeast China belong tropical monsoon climate. .

Mostly China has a subtropical climate with heavy rains in summer. In Central and S-V, have a continental climate with hot summers, cold winters and dry in west side.

 In deserts and high plateaus, it is arid continental climate with big temperature differences from winter to summer. In the east of China is humid continental climate. In high mountain regions, the climate is alpine winters are long and harsh. In the southern monsoon climate meet, tropical and subtropical. Climate and topography influence the hydrographic network. In China are the largest rivers in Asia: Huanghe, Changjiang, Xijang.

Natural resources are represented by the largest deposits of minerals with a wide distribution across the country. The main mining areas are in northern China, especially in Liaodong peninsula and in the mountainous regions of southern China. The main metal ores include iron, hematite, ore of aluminum, antimony, magnetite , tungsten, graphite Other reserves are, zinc, copper, uranium, mica, phosphates, quartz, salt, talc, silica. China also has energy resources such as coal, oil and natural gas.

China is the world's largest producer of coal, iron ore and tin and a major producer of oil, non-ferrous ores, gold, salt, natural phosphates With large coal resources, China has developed a strong power base. It is the first world producer of coal. China’s manufacturing of coal is one of the strongest and most diversified in the world. China has become the second largest global manufacturer of electric energy; is a major producer of iron and steel and machinery: agricultural machinery, locomotives, trucks, ships of sea and river, electronics and electrical engineering, artificial satellites and cosmic rockets. China is the world's largest maker of TVs, bicycles and toys. Other products of Chinese manufacturing industry are: chemicals and petrochemicals, textiles based on silk and cotton, cement and food. Handicraft traditions are preserved until today embroidery on silk, ceramics, porcelain, glass art, sculpture in ivory and jade, Manufacture of wood and bronze.

It is the third producing electricity. First base steel is China North. China is the world's first producer of iron ore and steel. China has the largest coal reserves in the world, coal provide 80% of the energy consumption in the country ( first place). Most of coals reserves are found in the north. In southern China is 84% ​​of the hydropower resources of the country. Other underground resources are: iron (II place), tungsten (first place), salt, manganese, mercury, lead, tin. China is the fourth largest oil producer in the world, mining resources, the largest reserves of antimony and tungsten in the world.

After 1949 China nationalized all the industries and has implemented a policy of rapid industrialization, that led the state with a particular focus on developing steel industries related to defense. After 1978, new investments were concentrated in textiles and consumer goods durable.

The manufacturing industry is located on seven principal regions. Industry is growing: Iron and Steel (fourth place), machine tools, automobiles, tractors, rail, bicycle, fine mechanics, ships, electronics, chemical industry, nuclear. China has entered the Western markets through strong, handicraft industry, especially through toys. After 1980 the Chinese leadership was oriented towards a market economy directed, creating special economic zones (SEZs) on the coast. From Beijing to Tianjin found an industrial belt which produces coal and its products, especially iron and steel, machine parts, chemicals and textiles. Northwestern region is the main producer of non-ferrous metals. It is the third producing electricity. First base steel is China North. China is the first producer of iron ore and steel.

Chinese agriculture is very diverse. Cultivated lands occupy one-tenth of the country, but more than half of those over 55 mil. Hectares are irrigated. China no.1 in the world in irrigated areas. It became the largest world producer of cereals, bested rice (grown in the central and southern) and wheat (grown in the north and northeast of the country). China also produces cotton and potatoes, tea, hemp, fruit. Large areas are cultivated vines, trees, coffee and cocoa, cane sugar. China ranks the world at one pig growth, especially in the East China Plain, 2nd to 4th raising sheep and cattle; in higher regions are bred horses and cows. South and east of the country is rearing silkworms, China ranks 1 to silk production.

China occupies the first place in fishing , overtaking Japan and Russia. The main crops are barley and rice, wheat and cotton, for each China is no1 the world. In south grows sugarcane, fruit and tea. Among animals are bred pigs, sheep, goats, cattle and camels. Agriculture is intensive, summing up, three harvests per year. Are terracing (terracing land is also a feature of Chinese agriculture in hilly areas, terraces serve both to control soil erosion, and capture the monsoon rains summer paddy flooding from the hills); irrigation, fertilization. China holds first place in world production of wheat and rice, and sweet potatoes, cotton, tobacco, rapeseed, tea (second place after India). To trade the most important crop is cotton.

China is the most populated country in the world, it concentrates a third of Asia’s population and one fifth of the planets’. Due to the huge extent the population density is extremely low 125 inch./km2. The population is not evenly spread across the country, and so there are regions with extremely high densities in the East China Plain, 1000 inch ./km2 and low density regions in the west and north and very small in Tibet plateau, below 2 inch./km2. China is very rich and varied. For protection of the natural elements of flora and fauna, in China there are over 100 parks. Among the protected animals, the best known is the Panda bear. China is very rich and varied. For protection of the natural elements of flora and fauna, in China there are over 100 parks. Among the protected animals, the best known is Panda Bear

Water resources and the soil resources. In China, 15% of the total area is arable, used mainly for cultivation; forested areas are declining: 21% of the total area of the country (forests being used for own consumption, timber or paper production)

  In that crazy race for economic development China spends recklessly the natural resources, food and water twice faster than they can be recharged. China’s ecological "Footprint" has doubled in 60 years, twice requiring far more resources than ecosystems of the country can sustain. "Footprint" means the area of arable land and water resources required to satisfy the needs of the population, calculated per inhabitant .To support the needs of the population, China should double the surface and the water resources either diminish consumption per inhabitant.

2 China's economy 30 years ago

2.1The early Chinese miracle

Today there is no interesting pole for business than China. Doing business in this country can be the difference between the agony and the ecstasy in other words can mean the difference between success and failure of disappointing proportions. Like the myth of the Phoenix, China is and will continue to challenge the political and economic environment of this century. China is turning into a major player, as a global economic and political force.
The new position that China assumes more and more arouses curiosity and deserves a lot of attention being particularly interesting in the way that is managed, in record time, exceed expectations and alter the written rules of the economic sphere. China's development is a natural phenomenon caused by the traits of a people with a history multi millenary.

China has come from a very tortuous path. Beginning the process of economic reform and the strong economic openness to the outside it was produced in 1978.After of the Cultural Revolution’s ending, which brought the country's economy to the brink, there was the starting point for changing of the orientation of the national effort, back on the political track, to the growing economic reforms.

China already presents itself as the second largest economy in the world, and keeps the fastest rhythm of growth for a long period of time, among both developed countries and in those developing.

The soft areas in which the Chinese economy faced serious problems were; banking system broken, an inefficient service sector and significant infringements of basic rights, all these obstacles had only to slow the economic development at that time in China. China's pressure at this time on markets has strongly increased . Companies that until recently were reluctant to transfer their production in this country due to the fear of negative reactions from consumers, begin to realize that there is the possibility of other solutions if they want to keep an honorable position in the international market and not only. The fierce competition on different segments of the market prepares the Chinese companies to face international markets.

When we talk about China, about phenomena that have occurred in this country over time, but especially in the last 30 years, about the spectacular growth that occurred and not least about the position they occupy at this time on the international scene, we are entitled to use the phrase " The Chinese miracle".

China's impact on the world economy is extremely complex. China uses globalization to a large extent, not only co-opting the third world countries but the entire world, especially the regions around it. Thus, China's neighbors change the macro-strategies depending on the relationship with China.

China’s ascending in the 21th century not only expresses an abundance of cheap imports, the decline in certain segments of the manufacturing sector in other states or the transforming of the jobs, but it means a crucial moment; the point that is likely to change the global economical scene, remarkably similar to the rise of the US as political, economic, military with only a century ago

30 years after the proclamation of the Republic of China, the Chinese government put into practice the planned socialist system. The system promoted to some extent a stable development of Chinese economy, but severely limited force and rhythm of the economic growth. In the late 70s, China started reforms on the planned socialist system. In 78, it began to implement the responsibility system in agricultural production. In 84, the economic reforms have moved from village to city. In 92, China established the direction of reforms to the system into socialist market economy.

In October 2003, China has given the objectives and tasks for improving the socialist market economy. Stipulating that on the basis of the coordinating development between rural and urban areas, on the development of different regions, of economical growth with social development, the harmonious development of man and nature and of the development of the internal market with openness, to capitalize on the greater role of fundamental market in the distribution of resources as to raise the vitality and ability competitive businesses. To improve the macroscopic control and functions of the public service and administration of the social government, however the strong security system for the building of a society with a decent life.

Socialist market economy system has been established to a certain extent. Public ownership economy in the farming system was strengthened, while the reform of public enterprises has progressed with sure steps. Private economy, including self-employed workers and other non-public sectors of the economy experienced rapid progress. The introduction of the market’s economy system was generalized. The open economy has grown impetuously as the amplification of the trade in goods and services, as well as the movement of capital, increased appreciably. Foreign exchange reserves have increased considerably.

Since 2005, China tries to control economic sectors that tend to grow too much and too fast. The Chinese experience in regional development has clearly proved that the mechanisms of the market, which began to be functional in the economic environment, especially developed and strengthened after 90 and are governed by the principle of maximizing the economic efficiency, emphasized the same time, gasps in the socio-economical development at a regional level.

While China reserves the exclusive marketing rights of products such as, tobacco, grains, fuels and minerals, mentining certain restrictions of transport and distribution of goods within the country, and many of the restrictions concerning foreign companies in China will be eliminated or diminished considerably after three years. Afrter the admission into the WTO, China has managed to fulfill the duties assumed. Last year, various sectors from central to local levels of governmental institutions and enterprises have worked tirelessly to achieve this goal.

The effective measures adopted by China have contributed to creating favorable circumstances, by continuing the policy of opening agricultural markets, services and cars, soon after its admission into the WTO. The agricultural sector has grown continuously. The opening of certain sectors as the financial, the insurance and securities, telecommunications, logistics and other services, has advanced over time, giving a strong impuls to the reforation and development in these sectors. The rhythm of the reorganization and technological upgrading in the automobile industry was more vivid than in previous years. The reorganization and cooperation between Chinese manufacturers of cars and big foreign enterprises have brought benefits to both sides. After China's adherence to WTO, tourism has become the domain with the fastest rhythm of opening to the exterior. China remains a market difficult to enter, mainly due to the strategies of the Chinese government meant to protect and promote intern industries. These strategies encourages the import of products useful for China's economic development, such as high technology, equipment and raw materials used by export-oriented industries. Goods and services that are not considered of great importance or those in direct competition with domestic companies are subject to a wide range of trade barriers.

China's accession to the WTO has important implications for the world trading system. During 1990-2001, the Far East region, known as the area with the most dynamic growth rates in the world, has made major changes in the leading positions in terms of participation in world trade. Thus, in 1990 China was the fourth largest exporter and the fifth largest importer in Asia.

What caused this?

A transfer of the assembling sectors industries from the new Asian economical industries towards China. China has become the last link of the vast value-added production chain. China's restrictive trade practices, which include a number of barriers to foreign goods and services, are commonly used to protect SOEs. China's participation in the global economy will support the process of economic reform and strengthen China's role in stability and prosperity in East Asia. China's demand for imported goods and services will grow at a very alert rhythm.

2.2 reforms

Internal stability is the priority of the communist government, which rarely yielded to the claims of the population. The reforms introduced by CCP were the result of calculations performed centrally or by a slow evolution, of expediency. The present power structure was not seriously put into question, and the party's major concern was to provide economic opportunities as an outlet for human competitive spirit. State censorship is very careful to details, taking care to block the Internet domains that may suggest hostile positions or subversive thoughts.

China puts pressure on states, that for example, supports public visits from a spiritual figures such as the Dalai Lama, or when Liu Xiaobo, a dissident that was in prison, and receives the Nobel Peace Prize. The vision of human rights is profoundly different in terms of philosophical interpretation of the ONU , the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

From the official Chinese point of view, official rights are not a given objective, indisputable and universally applicable, being just won or earned in a particular historical context. All these rights can not exist without responsibilities, they are the product of social and historical conjunctures. All these rights exist on the base of what the society can offer to the people in a certain period. This requires a system allowing a gradual economic liberalization, but retain strong institutional levers in order to further redistribution.

What is important to note is that for every year that passes the interdependence between China and the world grows. Any large domestic crisis will lead to domino effects on its trading partners, especially those of the emerging economies. About 91% of the Chinese population belongs to ethnic majority Han, the remainder being shared among 55 other officially recognized ethnic groups.

Due to the child policy, initiated in 1979 China has witnessed a change in composition of the population age and a change between the majority and ethnic populations. This policy only covered han groups, and today we witness a doubling of the share of other ethnicities. Also due this program graying population is among the most prominent in the world, which puts great pressure on the national budget of pensions. The disparity between the sexes is very high at birth, with about 1.2 boys for every girl, so today the abortion of female fetuses is banned. But the next 20 years will have its say, further limiting the volume of births. Population distribution has a pronounced unevenness, with 55% of the territory occupied by only 6% of the population. It is the most remote regions of the actual Chinese: Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, regions with significant percentages of unassimilated minorities.

2.3Labor force

It is known that the Chinese economy has a tremendous trade surplus that came largely from the fact that the national currency, the yuan, was much undervalued, mainly in the workforce paid cheaper domestically. But today, as a result of mutations both in terms of relative wages and in terms of decreases in the value of the yuan intervened trade surplus, which had become hits in previous years. To this, it added the contribution, of course, through which the global crisis. So the China's surplus in 2008, has been falling steadily since then, reaching a deficit today.

But the prosperity of China has not changed, proving that not all surplus or trade deficit arrive quickly and can be reflected in the national economy and in the pocket of each man, contrary to most countries of the world, China can export to the everything, because its products are being requested by partners worldwide, wages are still low in the country because they have be super-competitive out of the country. China's competitiveness remained high even in recent years, although exert some pressure on prices Both inflation and exchange rate.

 China's economy markets are have occurred correctly both in inflation and the exchange. Thus the limit inflation, wages were kept constant for a long time, which limits consumption. But the system is not too affected by lower domestic consumption, exports as long as blooming. The effect was quickly reflected in wages. Strong industrialized areas like Beijing, Shenzhen or Shanghai, wages also rose by 22%.

In industrialized areas, Chinese managers began introducing automated technologies. Direct consequence are that such a measure will keep labor costs at a low level, also creating the opportunity for qualifying in China. Today visible contradictions occur.Thus Chinese industry is approaching a increasingly advanced level, but wages remain low.Direct consequence is that now, theoretically, no one can compete exports to this country. In practice, somewhere, the laws of economics can not be circumvented unlimited.

To maintain exports, however neither forced people to work cheap, nor what can be done in a democratic state, but has kept the exchange rate under control. Dollar oscillations are controlled by the Bank, through injections or withdrawals of currency market if needed. China you has to understand that no one can keep control over one billion employees, paid 50 cents per hour. By the time employees will be paid the real value of their work, only then the controlling texchange rate will follow export. The political economy law sais that this is not only possible, but even inevitable, only by its operation, then and only then Chinese export will come to be a strictly competitive, not a dumping as far.

Cheap labor have made China a paradise for world's major companies seeking maximum profit with minimum investment. The huge growth in recent years has, however, changed and the labor market, due to recent events is showing that we are witnessing a new era in which is the Chinese revolution. Working for anything has never ended , and the declaration of a worker is the best evidence "our parents suffered from cheap market, you have to walk in the footsteps of our fathers?".

The largest electronics enterprises in the world have accepted due to the pressure to increase salaries of 800,000 employees in the whole country, and some will even be doubled in the next three month. Substantial increase of salaries will be also received by employees Honda, but they are determined to continue the protests and in the Hyundai factory were the components are made, in Beijing leadership immediately announced a salary increase of 15%, followed by one 10% in May. Workers returned to their jobs the next day. A determining factor is that the government does not want workers to feel poor. Their feeling is doubled by Beijing's new policy, which supports revenue growth and quality of life. Chinese journalists say that multinationals have profited from economic growth and financial policies favorable to business and got rich on the backs of tens of millions of workers who have been forgotten. Beijing local government comes to support the workers and it has increased the minimum wage working here legally. Thus, the minimum wage increased by 20% and reached about $ 140, the measure being taken into account by other 30 provinces or cities.

After decades under’’ the one child policy’’, lower birth rate turns into a shortage of manpower. the number of those under age 40 decreased by 20% and the number of young people between 15 and 24 years will drop by a third in the next 12 years. Fewer workers mean more negotiations in their favor.

Labor scarcity explains itself through the program of 500 billion dollars that had created jobs in rural areas. Rural development has convinced millions of workers to leave the factories of coastal China and return within the country in order to find work. However, these positive changes could also have undesirable effects. These include relocating factories and more expensive electronics.

As wages go up, and local governments raise the minimum wage of factories, costs will also be higher. Even if Chinese workers receive little compared to Europeans or Americans, analysts warn that wage increases will be reflected in product prices worldwide. Thus, everything is going to get expensive, from T-shirts and sneakers to servers and smartphones. Chinese analysts have said that of cheap labor has helped companies to keep prices low and inflation low. There is the possibility that major electronics makers could close their factories in China and go in search of cheap labor in Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia and India. Another possible option would be moving to another poor areas,, Taiwan Electronic Manufacturers Association stated that encourages them to move their operations to poorer countries of Asia due to rising costs in China .Although products’’ made in China’’ will continue to dominate the market in the coming years we should not surprise us if "Made in Vietnam" or "Made in Indonesia" will get just as popular. The only obstacles encountered by enterprises are political instability and lack of skilled workers.

In the long term China may become a victim of its own success. The success it reached being the second economy in the world due to the population that was capable to work but with rising standards of living, the population is aging. And so, China. ‘’ the world's factory’’ becomes expensive. That's because the population is aging, and labor is increasingly rare. Beginning whit the 80s, China's labor force grew by nearly 400 million people. There was a large migration from the countryside to the city has fueled the spectacular growth of Chinese economy. In 2050 it is estimated that people over 60 will represent more than 36% of China's population.

A smaller number of those of working age will increase wages. The end of the era of cheap Chinese labor brings up the big changes in factories around the world, which now heads to China. Ordinary Chinese labor is more expensive and the technology, all of them made it all cheaper. Some manufacturers in China begin to recover higher costs of labor by investing in robots, but for others it is pointless investment. China benefits will disappear if there's cheaper to move other countries.

2.4 Communist China or Capitalist China

It has an economic health, almost insolent, if you compare it with today weakness’ of the West, China start (or restart) to make history. At the moment, it has behind thirty-three years of uninterrupted development, with a gross domestic product whose average growth rate is over the past two decades close to 10% per year and with unemployment rather decreasing. It weight was increased from 1.7% of world GDP in 1980 to 8.6% in 2009, managing to increase more than fivefold. Not in vain was China in 2010 the second economy of the planet, with the prediction of overrunning the United States in 2018. In addition, the workshop of the world, as it was considered until recently, the country seems to have become the world's banker. It has the largest reserves in the world (about 3,200 billion dollars) and is courted to become involved in the recovery of international finance, including the European Union. As for launch in August 2010 initial public offering (shares) of the Agricultural Bank of China, it was the largest event of its kind in history.

However, if the economic data is clear, historical and political meaning of this spectacular development seems elusive. And about today's China are generally two theories circulating that collide.

So , for some, especially the right party , China has been and still is a true embodiment of communist ideas. So the existence of Chinese capitalism – spoken more often in recent years is attributable to the fulminant development of the country – is disregarded or denied altogether. For, we are told, capitalism can not really work in a communist state. Therefore, Chinese capitalism is rigged and not have that authentic. Is China an undemocratic country? And the state does not always mix in the economy? And is not China positioned outside of the current world economic system whenever trying to sneak through free competition rules of the World Trade Organization or undermine the hegemony of the Western world? As so, what other evidence do we need to understand it's a communist regime?

Instead, other observers from the left party say that the same China presents exactly the opposite, namely that a communist country with nothing in it. Private property – we are told this time – here prosper unhindered profit is the sole criterion of economic activity and social inequalities are growing constantly, crying. In addition, China's full integration world almost not worth talking otherwise would run all funds in there, deindustrializing the West. And they also say that not fight with the West, but his imitation seems to prevail in China. And not just technological but also ideological.

Here, therefore simplifying, the rumors circulating around the Chinese phenomenon. And yet that's the truth? And why it was such a misunderstanding, even contradiction, between different views? Finally, what is real or unreal eventually in China, capitalism or communism? Or maybe just the dichotomy that's not right now? Especially the idea of ​​the existence of Chinese capitalism, just incidentally, often requires a historical rift between China today and the reformist former Maoist who does not seem real. And that while theory, wrong in my opinion, that makes China's communist truth, and she deserves taken into account to the extent that states the contrary, there is a continuity between past and present Chinese.

3 China’s economy today

3.1 Alternative patterns- miracle or illusion

“….in the meantime it is imperative that no Eurasian
challenger (to the US) emerges capable of dominating
Eurasia and thus also of challenging America.”

Zbigniew Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard, 1997

When discussing China, there are views that the country could represent the future of the humanity. It has the largest population, is the largest exporter will be the largest economy and the strongest military force of the world . China’s growth is downright spectacular.

The problems of the Chinese system There are many reasons to question the merits of the Chinese system. Each of them could be enough to derail growth Chinese, but gathered all together, it would be more than enough to return China to the situation of a fragmented and vulnerable state. The Government is faced with an economy over-funded, trying to make small steps for the diversify the financial sector, separate from the bank.

The burden of demographic changes in China. The one-child policy (or a single child) is often considered a classic example of what can happen when a government wants to mate with demographic concerns a total violation of individual rights. In a few years, strict enforcement of this policy has reduced the birth rate, preventing approximately 200 to 400 million births and the reduction of the overpopulation that hey feared so much. Only now, the success of the one-child policy means the end of the Chinese system as we know it. There are many legitimate criticisms regarding the one-child policy. Compulsory abortion, the concept that the government can choose who and when to reproduce, massive gender imbalance, due to the culture that prefers boys, all this and more painfully distorted the Chinese society .

China is aging faster than it gets rich. At the beginning of China's international revival in 1990, the average age was 24.9 years, and the country had about 350 million people aged between 15 and 29 years. It was simply a circumstance that allowed China's massive boom production China has become the world's leading source of cheap labor and no other developing country could not compete with China regarding prices.

. By 2050, about 430 million people, a third of current population, will be retired. Hence the so-called problem 4: 2: 1 meaning four grandparents, two parents to one child. China is not rich enough to afford a pension system as in all the advanced countries, so that the burden of care for the elderly lies with their descendants, who are increasingly fewer. In financial terms, the burden of supporting the elderly have a catastrophic impact on the financial and professional development of young people, reducing their educational opportunities, reducing consumption and making savings almost impossible.

For China as a whole, this particular situation will affect the country's efforts to move from an export economy to one of domestic consumption this will slow down strong rise in the scale of added savings accumulation and prevent the necessary change in current financial model. Cheap workforce reduction will have a negative impact on the production of those goods that now are forming China's export base.

'China will never be able to separate from the current economic model based on export. From the economic point of view, young workers generate economic growth through the consumption they produce..

Chinese development model is about to change significantly. Simply the aging of the population from the last decade has already reduced, with over 40 million young and mobile workforce. Because of the one-child policy, this decline will accelerate strongly. Basically, China will not have a surplus of cheap labor. If we extrapolate these trends in 2040 China will face a more difficult financial future demographic than Europe or Japan, for example.

China has to feed 22% of the global population with only 7% of arable land and about 6% of global water resources. Cultivated areas in twenty years fell by 6.4% ; more arable land is designated for other purposes, including constructions. As an example the amount of land allocated to a Chinese farmer is 0.6 ha, while an American farmer possesses average 100 ha. It is said that it the arable land will fall below the 120.6 million hectares, China will not be able to feed. At the same time, China regularly suffers from droughts.

Too much excess housing and weak sales at low prices. The stock of unsold existing homes built and adversely affect the economic recovery, in particular the manufacturing industry and investment.

Huge debts-from 2009, accumulate and continue to grow. In 2014, the ratio of public debt / GDP ratio was over 250%, while the ratio of private debt / GDP ratio was almost 200%.

Debt and deflation overshadow the economic future of China.

Excess industrial capacity, surplus production and under-utilization. They got as far as steel has got to cost almost as cabbage! China Association for Iron and Steel said that in 2013 that the steel production was 822 million tons, 40 million tons higher than the official figures published by the National Bureau of Statistics. If they will proceed to reduce steel production, that will produce serious disruption of mining and transport of ore.

A quarter of the capacity of electrolytic aluminum production,, 60% of the ferroalloy industry, half of the production capacity of calcium carbide, plus other industries excess capacity in cement, glass, coal and textiles are not currently used.

The decrease in labor productivity and growth of the economical rate- Between 1991-2010, annual productivity growth rate in China was between 9-10%. But since 2011, this increase was reduced below 8%.

3.2. Import or export of technology

Within the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Conference, the political advisory body of China. Wang Qishan Chinese Vice Premier said China needs to import more "advanced technology, managerial experience, human resources and top international brands" to improve the quality of the country's industrial development.

 In a speech on international trade and investment, Wang revealed that China is now the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. China should pay more attention to importing advanced technologies, management experience and not to use, simply foreign capital, said Wang.

Chinese Vice Premier also called for "improving the technological content and adding increase value on exported goods" from China. Wang said that efforts should be made to accelerate the implementation of the overall economic strategy on strengthening support given Chinese firms investing abroad, for the prevention of risks and improving the quality of the investment projects of foreign aid delivery.

As an immediate measure Beijing officials hope that by 2020 to replace imported technology from public institutions with products made by domestic companies. The banks, army, state companies and government agencies are covered by the decision of the Chinese government. This, however, is not at all good news for US companies Cisco Systems, IBM, HP and Intel, the leading providers of hardware and software for public institutions in China. "Change is real. It is happening at all levels of technological application: hardware and software," confirms Charlie Dai, an analyst at Forrester Research Office in Beijing.

A first experiment was conducted in Siping City, in northeast China, where Windows programs from public institutions were replaced with operating systems NeoKylin produced in China and the servers with Western provenance were exchanged with certain products of Inspur Group. One special fact is Eward Snowden revelations, a spy, regarding the data collection methods used by NSA that have generated a wave of panic worldwide, but China turns out to be the first country to apply the method of "closed doors" in front of American espionage. Among the information unmasked by Snowden there was the American breaking of the servers at Tsinghua University, the largest research center in China.

As a result, in February, The president Xi called for increasing of the development rhythm of the industry, in its first meeting held by the chief information security state. Windows 8 and iPad were immediately banned. China said the agreement to import American technology can only continue if the full program s and generating their codes are made available to teams of government inspectors.

How serious is the problem, can be seen from the conducted raids on offices in China Microsoft, Windows 8 runtime ban on government computers and iPad devices from the lists of acquisitions. Meanwhile, China's IT investments rose 8.1%, reaching the value of 182 billion dollars, the second largest in the world after the United States with 656 billion dollars.

Central Bank of the Republic of China, announced in a news conference that technological import facilities present in 80% in the banking system in this country, were presented as a potential threat to national security. immediate consequence came close immediately :

Security breach is to be blocked by replacing at least 75% of these components in the near future, said Yan Qingmin, vice chairman of China's Central Bank. There is the possibility that in the near future to foresee a war between the intelligence agencies of the two countries after, in 2012, the report of the US Congress showed that equipment Huawei and ZTE can be used by Chinese spies to break databases American servers institutions.

The war of the cyber spies produces a lot of money for Chinese companies. The replacement of western technology with domestic products has led to an appreciation of the shares on the stock exchange Inspur companies, Huawei and ZTE as direct effect.

The Chinese government has a policy used to limit imports, leading foreign companies to seek for investments rather than exports, if they want to enter this market. When foreign companies submitted their bids for the award of tenders for infrastructure projects, the successful tenderer may be appointed on the basis that ensure transfer of technology to produce much of the equipment in China.

China leads both an import substitution policy, and an export trade development policy . China has pursued a policy of coverage of market needs from our own production, primarily political and cultural reasons. Moreover, it argued that the Chinese economy is potentially so large that can produce locally almost any product.

Although market’s size is the main reason to invest in China, companies have been attracted also by the resources of this country. For example, there have been substantial investment in exploitation and processing of oil and coal, and almost 20 percent of US investment in China were made in the oil industry. In addition, companies regarded China as a source of cheap labor, especially given that in other Asian countries such as Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan, unemployment fell and as a result, these countries have not been considered as providing cheap labor.

3.3Risks. Explosion in the world or implosion as a system

Due to the growing economic weight and successful diplomatic relations, China's influence in Asia is situated on an upward trajectory. China has worked to strengthen bilateral economic and security ties with almost all neighboring countries

Between 2002 – 2003, China became in the detriment of the US, the only major export market for Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. In the northeast and Southeast Asian countries, exports increased due to China's gradual demand for raw materials, machinery and industrial components. At the same time, hand work, investment and production of some economic sectors in the region have been affected by the changing direction of foreign direct investment towards China and its development as a major power producing industries that were once dominated by other Asian countries.

China's regional diplomacy serves the country's overall economic strategy, aimed at maintaining access to an open multilateral trading system, an essential factor for the rapid development. Also supports the country's national security strategy by conditioning the regional actors to peaceful rise, a trend seen positive economic, but political negative by regional actors, especially by South Korea and Asian nations.

Asia is experiencing historical geopolitical changes caused by China's rise. It is obvious that environmental standards, human rights or work cannot be found in China's diplomacy, its regional strategies being mobilized in part by the need to secure energy sources.

Analyzing the Chinese economy and China's relations with countries of the world, we must recognize that despite the outstanding performance of the Chinese economy, there are still a number of problems: the disproportionate economy structure, living conditions still unsatisfactory for the population caused by the slow growth of farmers' income, strong pressure on employment, the heavy task of transforming state enterprises that adapt to difficult market conditions. Currently China’s national product could equal that of America in 2020, beating twice Russia is.

3.4.Competitive environment. Chinese reality

In the future, China will employ millions of American workers and will dominate thousands of small communities throughout the United States. Chinese acquisitions in the US have established businesses last year a new all-time record, as a result, the Chinese are now the largest employer in dozens of rural communities across America. Because the massive trade deficit in relation to China, the Chinese have spent trillions of dollars.

Companies with Chinese capital invested in US companies and in new technologies for vehicles, selling everything from belts to shock absorbers in stores retail, and hire employs experienced engineers and designers in an effort to absorb talent and domestic car expertise and their suppliers. If you recently purchased an American product, almost certainly find in it a large number of Chinese components. China seems particularly interested in the purchase of energy resources in the United States.

China is directly or indirectly responsible for the economic turmoil in the Middle East. The increase of the living standards in China is produced without visible effects for all countries. For example Germans sold more luxury cars in China than in Europe. It is said that China leads one of the most duplicitous of many economic policies are on the globe. This in conjunction with diplomacy as duplicitous.

Technically a single state in the world can be likened with China in this regard, Israel. If Israel makes with extenuating circumstances as it does Israel want to live, China wants to live better in the existing political format.

 The whole Chinese story is the story of energy needed to sustain its economic growth. For everyone Middle East is energy. Here binds interest of China in this geographic region. By size, China remains a tempting market for any company anywhere in the world, but experts fear that partners are not only become stronger through these collaborations. Analysts highlight the vulnerability of major American or European companies who agreed to cooperate in various fields with Chinese partners. For example, Boeing announced a contract for 38 billion dollars to supply aircraft to Chinese airlines. This business was matched by the plan to open an assembly company in the communist country. Assembly and finishing center that the US aerospace company would on opening in China will represent the pillar of cooperation between Boeing and Comac, a corporation imposed by local officials in Beijing. US Aerospace is a symbol of the country's economy, providing a major share of US exports and stoking a significant number of jobs. But in recent years a lot of jobs have been exported from the US market to China, due to the advantage of cheap labor represented. The idea was backed by attraction to strengthen the position of companies in a market in continuous development.

An important role in attracting foreign investment returns tax policy. National People's Congress (China's parliament) in 1993 adopted a tax law that were accepted two levels of taxation: 33% of profits for Chinese entities and 15% for foreign ones. As a result, favoring the foreign entities had obvious consequences, attractive for the investors

Due to its remarkable successes in various fields, especially in recent years, and holding elements maximum tourist attraction world (Great Wall of China, Hong Kong international centers, Macao etc.)

It is obvious that in parallel with the remarkable successes achieved in China, naturally, there are also some problems. Among them are: rising inflation, aging, environmental problems, subsidizing unprofitable state enterprises etc. Overheating economy prompted authorities that since 2007 to restrict exports and encourage imports through a flexible system of customs duties. China is a country under full and rapid modernization

So in a very short period of just three decades, China's leaders have managed to turn their homeland in a modern country on multiple levels, with a hard word and great value, heard by all. Chinese model of development is different than any other meeting in the world. Merit authorities of this country is that they could identify and implement ways and means which correspond to Chinese realities. China is a developing country, apply successful market economy. It combines socialism of the opportunities to concentrate efforts to address the major objectives of market economy advantages of efficient distribution of the resources available at each stage of development.

China today presents itself as a regional power, in process of escalating hierarchy of world economies. It is sufficient to mention that according to expert estimates in the next 10-20 years will exceed the US economy, becoming the first economic power after in 2010 surpassed Japan (currently number two). All Chinese experts shows that China has a window of strategic opportunity, which will expire in 2020 to reach its true potential of his forces. Nothing id neglected in this respect, leading to a massive rise in exports, which already reached first place worldwide in 2010. Many of the products present on the domestic market, either their own or foreign brands have a much higher price in China than in the US. It has come to the paradoxical situation where a Chinese tourist purchases a product from the US market to a value of one third compared to similar back home. This is because imports are discouraged as much as possible, as well as "luxury goods", which can be labeled with name any goods that the state does not want, for reasons of competition.

3.5 Industrialization by copying

For everyone it is an undeniable fact that today China is the homeland of plagiarism and reproduction, imitation Western firms often had problems because of the counterfeit of Chinese products. The new trend coming from the great Chinese economic space is plagiarism Western or American cars automakers in Europe or the United States discovers how their models appear in "Chinese version".

 In the beginning, Chinese companies took elements from several models and assembled them, now they got to do virtually exact copies of Western models, so in some cases you can not distinguish the original version.

Shuanghuan Auto are accused copying BMW X5 or for the limousine Hongqi's, Lincoln Town copies. The clearest copy is SMA Shanghai Maple, Audi S4 convertible virtually identical. CMEC Chinese manufacturer has created a clone for Smart Fortwo. Chinese intention to use Western brand image is clear in this case. Chinese company representatives said the front and the trunk have different elements, which means that Smart City is not a copy. It should be mentioned that this model is already sold on the markets of Hungary and the UK. General Motors had found an exact copy of the Chevrolet Spark signature company Chery.

But all these things have a positive side.

Stopping the Chinese car market invasion in the West can start from the fact that manufacturers only build Oriental counterfeit models. The great problem in emerging markets, where potential customers might lean towards the Chinese plagiarisms, much cheaper and questionable quality.

The Chinese have built a copy of a town in Austria, being in the UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city Hallstatt was rebuilt in China as a luxury destination for wealthy citizens of the country, and the Chinese have arranged even an artificial lake, which is but 50 times smaller than the original city was reproduced in its entirety, including Protestant cathedral there are plans to bring in new city with horses and carriages white doves, to give the place an authentic feel. In addition, authentic vegetation that is in place in the city that was built was removed to make way for imported trees. A home for living in the new city could be sold for amounts between 250 000 and 600 000 euros more expensive than in the urban original that dates back hundreds of years. Investors who built this city intend to sell it as what it is – a copy of Austrian village. "You will not find anything like it anywhere. This is the only authentic Austrian city across China," said a Chinese developer who expects Americans living in China to appreciate this building.

There is still a topic in today's economic news, that is not encountered and that is the Chinese Management. No one believes that Westerners going there wards masters, engineers, economists, production managers, heads of selling products and sometimes even corporate executives. We must understand that they are Chinese and are trained in China, all by management and some of the rules of which they are taught in Chinese educational institutions.

First, we must say that these Chinese, like the Japanese after the Second World War, have made a science of inventions and innovations "under the radar" Westerners have copied and copy the increasingly better products Western

Secondly, the Chinese are becoming more creative, they seek to solve the problems of design and production in synchronism with the speed of a savings for a customer wants the product as soon as possible, in fierce competition to seize the interest of customers and prospects.

Chinese firms use techniques increase the speed not only in production but also in product development. The most interesting thing is that they structured the innovation process in several organizational steps that generally a large number of steps while corporations of western software, launch version primary "beta" of the product on the market, only a select group of consumers, Chinese firms are launching directly on the market and consumers use as co-creators of the product, they see the reaction, then adjusts and adapts product to their requests.

Chinese management success depends on its ability to be a fast follower of Western industrial processes and management, the Chinese focus on fast speed and their desire to launch products on the market as soon as possible. Everything works according to a predetermined plan and create both a consumer-controlled cadence different qualities as well as the production of various products, leading to fluency of the economic process. This is hardly feasible in the West, even in large companies, there is a distribution of authority for maintaining the production flexibility.

Another aspect , could be the creation of small companies in onef scale. Chinese develop management techniques that lead to the fast achievement of the product and at the same time, they react very quickly to market changes, considering consumer co-producer, involving them directly, but in a disguised form, in process production, with favorable economic effects for Asians, according to a regional competition.

All this indicates a management training that will help the Chinese to develop more quickly a middle class and not only to serve the poor and wage increasingly smaller and structured poverty induced by the capitalist system. In this way, they will conquer markets not only management but also by offering a type of organization that will raise production in developing economies, especially those of developing countries.

4.1 trends. Chinese copies better then the original

Unquestionably, China will be a great power. The question is how big. Currently, no country can develop outside the reality of globalization and international networks.Nothing seems to stop the growth of the Chinese economy (8% annually on average between 1999 and 2003); even the efforts of the party and state, trying to slow down the rate of expansion,

By the assertion that great regional power or planetary, China still has major internal problems to solve. The apparence of its vitality hides a potentially devastating social bomb. The fruits of the development have not reached everyone: equal almost general poverty, the days of Mao, gave way to a more pronounced and striking polarization of incomes. Along with most astute entrepreneurs who were able to take advantage of the chaos and transition to build up colossal fortunes.The middle class with enough income to aspire to the level of Western life, grows in large urban centers and especially in "special economic areas", where concentrated economic development.

In contrast, the rural world seems forever condemned to poverty. Arable land shrinks steadily against surging urbanization, purchase prices for agricultural products remain low and peasants are, in addition, crushed under the burden of absurd taxes. Many of them – millions – can not stand dirt and seek their fortune in the city, but even there they can not find happiness. Usually they heve to resign to humble and poorly paid jobs and can always be removed with brutality and sent home or admitted to "centers of detention and repatriation" if local authorities feel they are too numerous or spoil the city's image .

4.2 The perception of the future

China has come to exercise a great influence in unimaginable places beginning just a few years ago. China did business with countries like Iran and Sudan, bypassed by the tradition of democratic countries, China has recently become extremely an important trading partner of the closest US allies. During the recession, when Europe and the United States were devastated by the economic crisis, China has won billions of dollars from contracts with the UK and France. China has become the largest trading partner of Japan and Brazil. Moreover, the Chinese have managed to overcome 100 billion dollars in transactions annually with Middle East and Africa, according to Forbes magazine.

Chinese companies during the crisis were able to turn their attention to the big Western brands, hit by the crisis that can be purchased at low prices. That happened with Volvo and Hummer and things have not only stopped here. The crisis was properly understood by Chinese companies that have decided to take advantage of the financial crisis in order to expand internationally, particularly in the US and Western Europe through new acquisitions or major investments in existing businesses in other words, economic analysts warn those who spoke of China as a global power which is still developing, the country has already achieved superpower status, and surprises the Chinese are far from over.

In these current economic conditions, doing business with partners from China has become a required reality .But it represents a great challenge. After an objective analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of such collaboration, one can make a correct development partnerships. The main advantage of cooperation with China is the low purchase prices, the main problems that may arise, we can mention: times long haul, blocking money during transport, cultural differences (holidays, weekends different from Europe), the time difference (issues discussed on day to day, and an understanding on e-mail four times spanning four days), communication difficulties due to language (English, of course).

It must be made clear and understood another aspect of the price paid for the ,,Chinese stuff ,, the weak point of such collaboration is the quality of products. Products "Made in China" are available at the price you're willing to pay.

Now, on the market you can find very cheap products of poor quality, but also good quality products at higher prices. But the principle according to which you get what you pay for must be taken into account . The myth of "poor quality products from China" is fueled and perpetuated the trend of optimizing and maximizing the profits of importers and traders (buy goods cheap and bad, and sell high that good stuff). This is true both for consumer goods and technologies

The attribute of being careful and selective with who is working and who spends money, it is the buyer’s, and for businessmen in China, the main concern is to have money and to pay for goods exit the factory, not who you are and from what continent. Such ways of working with Chinese producers are found all over the world, transferring small amounts of production in Chinese factories, no longer a secret to anyone. China can offer the products they want at the price you offer him. If for an umbrella, for example, provide 50 cents, the price of normal quality umbrella will be offered. If you order the umbrella that can be worth $ 100, its quality will be up to the amount paid.

All the "Chinese stuff" that we find on the market are by definition of poor quality because the offered price of the production was small, turnover and quality before quantity prevailing trader in a business relationship with Chinese manufacturers. China, a communist country has come to emulate the great capitalist powers business turnover, proving beyond a conceptual malleability of political dogmas and doctrines.

4.3 Until where. Total industrialization or environment protection

In the contrary Chinese leaders shows that at least one third of the gas production is due to multinational companies such developed countries kept clean at the expense of China. But all local factories have a much higher energy consumption per unit of finished product compared with Western countries, which made necessary the search for clean energy sources.

Today China is witnessing the highest increase in the production of solar panels worldwide, while reforestation program is led admirably in this country traditionally exporting large timber. At present, China is among the few countries whose forested area grows annually. Serious problems are linked to serious increase of the water pollution that threatens an even more rapid depletion of drinking water supplies or agriculture. More energy from the hydropower centrals will lead to a lower consumption of fossil material and more efficient irrigation.

Over 10 million hectares, or about 10% of China's arable land is ruined by pollution. The same phenomenon affects the water resources. One fifth of the country's rivers are toxic, while two fifths are populated seriously. In 2012, more than half of China's cities had water classified as "poor" or "bad drilled".

Almost two thirds of groundwater is contaminated . Pollution has become a real brake in China’s development. The environmental industry has skyrocketed in the last 5 years. Energy efficiency, along with environmental protection has become a key policy for China. Meanwhile, China will close all coal fired power, which, in total, a capacity of 50,000 MW. Currently, power generators, which have desulphurization technology, represents 30% of all power plants, compared to the 12% recorded in 2005.

With the efforts made by China in terms of combating pollution, surface covered by forests has increased steadily in the last two decades, improving the country's contribution to the absorption of CO2 worldwide. China has an area of ​​174.9 million hectares covered by forests, according to the same study. Between 2003 and 2006 planted area of ​​forests was 29.01 million hectares

Ecological security is a sensitive topic in China. The figures are alarming, though there are some areas where they made adequate progress. The emission of carbon dioxide is at a historic high, holding an unwanted first place, since four years ago when it exceeded America.

In the last decade, the work of environmental protection in China has achieved remarkable results. During the process of economic restructuring and also by expanding domestic demand, the Chinese government had increased efforts to protect the environment.Thus lessened trend of worsening environmental pollution nationally. In this context environmental the quality of the air in some cities and areas have improved, fact that contributed to the strategy for sustainable development.

      Since 1997, every year the Chinese government has organized conferences with policy makers to take note of reports on environmental protection and to make recommendations for actions in the field. China believes that environmental protection is a major element for the development of the state.

For this to happen they must strengthen the environmental monitoring unit, to increase the investment in environmental protection and encourage public participation. The main measure to be taken is to pay equal attention to the prevention, the pollution control and environmental protection of life. Their mission is to identify priorities in environmental protection, pollution prevention and control speeding in major cities, watersheds, regions and maritime areas.

 As a first step of taking recourse environmental pollution in the past few years the Chinese government has closed more than 84,000 small highly polluting. 90% of the 238,000 that were polluting industrial enterprises. Thus they managed to evacuate key pollutants in conformty to the established standards.

Pollution control in the areas of national importance has obtained partial results. The pollution situation on the main course of the river has improved noticeably, the pollution of water courses has decreased, and the trend of worsening the water’s quality in lakes began to be stopped. In the control areas of sulfur dioxide and acid rain the volume decreased. The air in the city was cleaned.. But all the smog persists in big cities. The layout of new measures in environment protection and ecologic onstruction in China pays attention to pollution and environmental protection, simultaneously depositing efforts to protect and build ecological, accelerating the construction process and protecting the environment.

 To demonstrate China's willingness to protect the environment, lately 1757 nature reserves were built, covering an area of ​​132.95 million hectares, 13.2% of the country. Moreover there were established 4 ecological provinces and more than 200 experimental ecological zones as a model nationally. In these areas, in some mountainous blocks the acces was banned for growth forestso on an area of ​​almost 5.2 million ha. The percentage of forest cover has increased to 16.5%. China also made progress in the legal arrangement in environment protection.

In this context a number of laws in the field of environmental protection have been amended. The policy regarding the combat of air pollution, water pollution control Law and the Law on Protection of Marine Environment and Pollution Control Act were implemented. Detailed rules for applying the law on combating water pollution regulations for environmental protection objectives provice construction and other regulations designed to protect the environment.

China also ordered the increase of the investment for environmental protection. In recent years, were obtained funds for environmental protection funds raised by issuing bonds on the long term wich have been used to combat pollution and construction of ecological environment which actively contributed to improving the environment, encouraging domestic demand and boost economic growth .

A key element followed by China is raising the population’s information about the environmental protection. Through the taken measures they managed to stimulate the interest of people and made them support and participate in environmental protection wich has become increasingly high. In institutional education, environmental protection was already included in compulsory education of nine years. Creating schools and residential districts organic produces social influences. Chinese government encourages the masses to participate in environmental protection.

Greenpeace's point of view on the issue of environmental protection in China is quite different from the one government official.China's economic development in recent years has made the country the most polluted place in the world, and any attempt by health organizations, protecting the environment is overlooked to foster economic expansion and especially in acesst context of the textile industry. According to a Greenpeace report, many cities in China are hidden under clouds of smoke and hundreds of millions of Chinese have no access to drinking water. According to the same report they do not benefit from a clean environment. Chinese textile industry pollute the most rivers of the country. Heavy metal pollution of rivers in China is due to the high demand for clothing from external partners. Thus, China's textile industry produces clothing at full capacity and therefore the degree of pollution has reached alarming levels. Water quality has deteriorated considerably and the main rivers are covered with toxic foam. Garment factories annual discharges into waterways, hundreds of tons of harmful chemicals and heavy metals. However for people to enjoy low prices of clothes exported from this country around the world. Greenpeace collected water samples and sediments from China and towns and arrived there laconcluzia industrialized areas where citizens can not use domestic water. While environmental degradation is a real problem, remains to be seen if Chinese companies, local governments and consumers will sacrifice economic success, for a healthier life and a much cleaner environment.

Pro arguments

It goes without saying that any economic development depends directly on good environmental protection. Any economic activity is related to the exploitation of the environment, even if it is about the exploitation of subsoil resources, and calls for heavy industries and processing, or flora and fauna exploitation for tourism. Therefore any imbalance in the environment can lead to huge losses in that economic area, sometimes even economic collapse of that industry. It is clear that in any point of the globe's economic development depends on environmental protection. In these conditions it is imperative to say that the latter is more important because on the first condition.  It can not be denied that the economic activity directly affects environment. If the main source is the environment and the economy is affected drastically, then not only the economy will suffer, but there will be negative effects on the population and famine, diseases caused by pollution. They will thereby lead to the conclusion that living standards of the population will suffer so much because of a low economic level, and because of degraded and polluted environment.

Without sustainable development, living standards will drop drastically. The term sustainable development is based on the idea that you have satisfied the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to satisfy their needs. The default condition is the efficient use of resources and environmental pollution prevention measures. The danger is that if these measures are not implemented and the economy keeps the same level of pollution as before or the change is not fast enough or effective, the consequences can be drastic global warming, with effects both short-term (climate change, the emergence of diseases, mutations, disappearance of species or habitats) and long term (global warming beyond endurance, disastrous economy, lives lost).

Counterarguments

We can not stop economic development to protect the environment. Although environmental protection is important it can not be impose a quick change of the technical systems. For a reorganization of technology, be it slow or fast, requires capital that can not be provided. The immediate effect would be economic collapse, gaps between different areas or economic regions, with effects on both the population and the economic agents. This collapse could worsen the environment due to the chaotic economic recovery efforts, which will take into account pollution standards. While the economy will be much less polluting. In time, the technological means by themselves will be improved with the progress of science, both commercial interests and performance and environmental protection. Logically and normally will not reach the point where pollution quotas to reach a level drastically, but will decrease with the passage of time. The economic progress won’t be stopped because is essential in terms of ensuring quality and standards of life of the population that needs to be constantly supplied with quantities of increasingly larger products of all kinds

Another China

5.1 Culture and history

Chinese culture is considered to be one of the oldest ones in the world’s history how Chinese people like to say 五千年的历史 meaning five thousand years of history. It’s a culture that survived throughout the history regardless the intrusions and invasions and continued it’s development and it flourished until nowadays. The Chinese culture like any other culture in the history was born and developed in natural and social conditions.

The huge geographical space that is in some way like a natural fortress, in which this organic and unitary culture developed as a style influenced them in a certain way and sometimes even conditioned their history evolved during time. Even the difficulties encountered when trying to reach the Chinese territory allowed the country to develop a civilization in which it was very easy to assimilate the nomad people. In the west mountain ranges, one of the highest in the world, that separated but at the same time bound it with Tibet. In the north another mountain range that couldn’t protect it from the invasion of the Huns so they had to build the Great Wall. In the Yellow Sea and in some part of the south the South China Sea isolates the Chinese territory.

What is important is the fact that the phenomenon of civilization and culture attests and proves archeologically and historically the fact that they managed to incorporate, assimilate and slowly absorb the cultures of other civilizations, native or the ones that had entered on the territory of China. Another important phenomenon is the fact that despite the fact that China occupies one of the biggest territories in the entire world; being the third one after Russia and Canada; the homogeneity and the unity of the Chinese people has remained like that since the beginning, the way in which they respect the patrimony of the past is maybe the secret of their longevity and their unity as a country.

The tradition situates at the beginning of the Chinese history a number of legendary emperors, but despite that fact the names of this fictive characters records successively certain inventions or some phases of the founding of the culture. As China is the country of the most beautiful and various stories and legends more than any other country, there are a lot of stories regarding the way the beginning of the world and the appearance of the first human being or the appearance of the Chinese civilization occurred. For the creation of the world in the Chinese version there are two famous legends that circulate all around the world the one of Nuwa and the one of Pangwu that are supposed to have created the universe and also the first human being. The legend that refers to the appearance of the Chinese people and the Chinese culture dates for over five hundred years ago and it’s about a tribal settlement that was lead by Huan Di the Yellow Emperor, who was a promoter of the Tao or The Way one of the most respected and important leader in the region of the Yellow River but we also have remarkable people like Cangjie who created Chinese characters, or Shennong imparted agriculture, and Suiren revealed the uses of fire.

The first epoch in the history of China that has archeological proves and sure information regarding it’s existence is Xia or Hia dynasty . it is the first dynasty recognized, even by Confucius, he was sure about their existence . This civilization was a Neolithic one and it was characterized by black unpainted ceramics. After that followed a dynasty named Shang that was better known for the first inscriptions on bones and also on turtle’s shell, besides that the continued the previous interest in ceramics whit the difference that they were the first ones that started fabricating and casting bronze. They were also the first to establish a political physiognomy and the emperor also had political economic, administrative, religious and military functions. It was a dynasty that started the ascending of Chinese culture. These are one of the first dynasties in the history of China, the first who was the starting point of the Chinese culture but it is not so well known and the second one that was the one that had given the start of the development.

China it is well known for the old history that it has dating from ancient times. Regarding the Chinese dynasties is something extremely hard to define because it depends what you understand in the term of dynasty, depending on the period of time in which a reign was at power, some of them were for a short period and some don’t recognize that as a dynasty in the exact meaning of the word. These is a theme extremely debated by the historians and not all of them agree to one certain number that can say precisely the number of dynasties that had ruled China. If we consider a dynasty a kingdom that unite most of Ancient China we can have about 12 dynasties. But for sure all the historians agree to some dynasties that were extremely important in the history of the country. The periods of time can be divided for a easier understanding as; Ancient China dynasties, Early Imperial China, Period of Disorder, Mid Imperial China and Later Imperial China. The thing that we know for sure is the fact that the history of China started with Xia dynasty and ended with Qing dynasty until 1911 because after that it became the Republic of China until 1949 when it became People’s Republic of China, name that was kept until today.

All of the Chinese culture developed under the intensive care and guidance of the religious beliefs that were based on the philosophy of three religions that are encountered until nowadays in the Chinese culture and life; Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism and after that Christianity and Islamism appeared as recognized religions in China but the first three ones were the important ones in the development of Chinese culture. These are the three pylons of the Chinese culture, the ones that helped China develop as a community and that established the ethics and the moral values of the society and it’s traditions. The cultural concepts of a nation can be illustrated throughout it’s system of values, it constitutes the integral part of the culture. The three philosophies were the ones that established the system of values of the Chinese people for thousands of years. Confucianism became the main thinking movement due to a long evolution, the name was given due to it’s promoter Confucius 孔子 who never considered himself as a fonder of a religion or a religious institution but as a transmitter of the tradition. The fundamental concept of this belief was the human being as the center of the universe, that could only live in society. Totally opposite to Confucianism is Daoism that has believes that contradict totally the Confucians way of thinking. As Confucius wrote The Analects 论语， Lao Z老子, the promoter of Daoism wrote "The Classic of the Way's Virtues" or "The Book of the Way of Virtue" 道德经 these two were the books that were at the basis of the two beliefs. Buddhism was introduced in China from India during the Han dynasty and is the most important foreign influence introduced in China before the contacts with the European world. The process of assimilation was a long one but Buddhism adapted and harmonized itself until it had rooted in the Chinese culture.

5.2 Art

Due to the fact that China has a history of over five thousand years the Chinese art has developed for a long time, beginning with the ceramic pots and ending with one of the most beautiful creations of the entire world from buildings to paintings and literature. China has developed in all the domains of the art and put an amazing fingerprint on the world’s inheritance.

The Chinese legacy regarding art is one of the greatest in the world end it contain calligraphy 书法, picture 图画, literature 文学, music 音乐, sculpture俄雕塑 and architecture建筑学. These were admired in in the Chinese world but also in the entire world due their beauty but also due to their rich cultural connotation. Because the Chinese culture has a large history that is divided in dynasties that lasted for hundreds of years each one of them have particular features and at some point extremely different characteristics form one another.

It is known the fact that calligraphy and picture have the same origin. The Chinese writing is exclusively a ideographical writing with important historical and cultural implications. The usage of ink brush, ink, paper, and ink stone are important and essential implements of the Chinese calligraphy. These four elements are known as the Four Treasures of the Study. The used signs cannot be translated through letters because they represent in a stylish way concrete images or concepts. The Chinese characters, ideograms in their early stage resembled whit what they meant, what they represented. Because of the similarity between the usage of lines to write characters and the lines used for painting calligraphy became an artistically creation. In their artistic form they stop being just symbols used for social communication and they became a way of expressing the feelings, emotions aspirations and esthetic orientations of the calligrapher. The Chinese style of writing is the only ideographical writing used even nowadays after four millenniums by a huge population. It’s a writing that proved itself able to express the most subtle shade of the human way of thinking and the human feeling and it was able to create great philosophical works of rare profoundness and also one of the history’s most refined literature. On paper calligraphy creates a sensation of harmonious beauty through the black lines and the white spaces, the calligrapher state of mind is expressed through the rhythm and the force of the writing.

Chinese picture has a history of 5-6.000 when the ancestors of the Chinese people drew with mineral paintings the first images of the human being and those of the animals on the cliff’s surfaces and painted marvelous pieces of ceramics. In the primitive period picture served to practical purposes, the ancient Chinese people painted their clothes, furniture, houses and their tools. With the time, painting slowly became regarding decorations and also something for enjoyment. Somewhere around the 18th century the European picture was introduced in China so the begin to use the term Chinese traditional painting to distinguish between them. The esthetics of the Chinese painting, the principles, the cannons and the procedures are fundamentally different from the European ones, it just resembles with the Japanese painting that was born from the Chinese painting. Depending on the subject of the painting, it could be divided into figurative painting, landscape painting, flowers and birds, and Buddhist painting, every one of them proving a ideological influence in the Chinese culture.

The Chinese literature has a millenary history, throughout the history of China, writing was considered a benefic action for the country’s administration and a way of purification for the manners, habits of the society. The prolific creations in China’s literature are the poetry from the Tang dynasty, the poetry from Song dynasty, the Yuan Theater from the Yuan dynasty and the novels from Qing and Ming dynasty. Their literature begin with five fundamental work supposedly collected by Confucius making an anthology of writings, of the wised ones transmitted orally. The Five Classics of Confucianism are as follows; Book of Songs 诗经, Book of History 书经, Classic of Rites 礼记, Book of Changes, 易经 Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋。

The Chinese traditional architecture constitutes a master piece of one of the oldest architectural systems known in the world. Its achievements have changed along the time the society and the culture; apparently without life they create history in their unique way resisting the time and transmitting to the future generations the essence of the Chinese culture. The importance given in time to the esthetics is pointed out in the plan of a Chinese traditional building. The Chinese architecture gives a n extremely big importance to the traditional concept of harmony between the sky, nature and the human beings. The unity between nature and humans constitutes a rule of the Chinese architectural design.

5.3. The amazing achievements of China

China doesn’t mean only those discoveries that have changed the fate of humankind and also the world. Compass, gunpowder, paper, printing, silk maid, fireworks, kite, seismograph the matches, cast iron plow iron propeller, Suspension Bridge, toilet paper, tea bags, banknote paper, porcelain, parachute, pasta and Alcohol glider.

 Will sent the first space probe to explore the dark side of the moon. China based on new ideas of developing and conquering the space has already launched a number of programs for the exploring of the Moon. China wants to send the first space probe in history that will go down on the dark side of the Moon in 2018, marking a milestone in the evolution of the ambitious space program. Many other space probes have reached over unseen face of the Moon, so named because it is never visible from Earth, but no country has placed a probe on the area of ​​the Earth's natural satellite .A Chinese space probe, Chang-4, which can carry a larger load, analyze the geological conditions on the dark side of the moon, said Liu Jizhong .China's space program development has been a priority for political leaders and Chinese President Xi Jinping has publicly called his country to mobilize and become a world power in the field of space exploration. China insists that its space program is based on peaceful objectives. China has announced that it will open the Chinese space exploration program for private companies and no longer rely solely on the public sector as in the past, hoping in this way to stimulate production of new technological breakthroughs. According to the agency Xinhua, China has sent several foreign countries in 2015, "a letter of intent for cooperation" for a space mission.

The Chinese presented at the CES fair a large autonomous drone that can carry a person on a distance of about 16 km. Called Ehang184 drone can be used as a helicopter over a distance of up to 16 km, about 23 minute flight. This drone, Ehang 184 should be able to detect very small obstacles such as power lines or cables scattered thunderstorms. What is interesting is that the person inside them, which should be a maximum weight of 100 kg, doesn’t have to fly, just enter the destination and enjoy the flight. In addition, propellers which can be folded enable the drone can be "parked" safely in one place, like a car.  The producing company says that in this way the vehicle is safer because it eliminates the 'most dangerous part of the standard modes – human error' '. This means also that the passenger is helpless if the system fails, but company representatives say they have a backup system for such situations. Also, it is considered that Ehang 184 can be used in emergency situations where the intervention by other means would take a long time because of busy roads. 184 drone is the future of personal transportation.

Counting all imports and exports, China is now the number one nation in trading across the planet.

China has more foreign reserves than any other country on the planet.

China currently has the largest market for new cars worldwide.

China now produces twice more cars than the United States.

China is the no.1 producer of gold in the world.

The vast majority of artificial Christmas trees from around the world are made in China.

China now consumes more energy than the United States.

China is now the largest producer of goods worldwide.

China uses more cement than the rest of the world combined.

China now produces 3 times more coal and 11 times more steel than the United States.

China produces more than 90 percent of the global supply of rare earths.

China is now no. one supplier of components that are critical to the operation of any system of national defense.

5.4China seen through the eyes of a European

There aren’t enough words and even if there were; it still wouldn’t be enough to help me describe my feelings and my thoughts regarding the time that I spend in China and the Chinese experience. I can say without any second thought that this I by far the most important experience of my life and the one that had the biggest influence upon my life was the time have that I spend in China. It was a drastically change that occurred in my life and it changed my perspective in a way that I couldn’t imagine, it helped me improve the way I see things and the expectations I have for my life and also for my career. Maybe the impact that China had upon me was bigger because I came from a European country and the culture was extremely different. I grew up in a European country and I visited another European countries but never more than Europe; our culture is extremely different, our way of behaving, mentality, food, buildings, fashion it is a whole other world.

It was the first time I travelled out of Europe, and it was towards Asia. After I enrolled in the university to study Chinese language I developed an interest towards everything that is related to China without even realizing. I had the opportunity to study there for one semester as a change of experience. Since the moment I arrive there I felt like I had entered another dimension beginning with the food and further to culture, and also the language because the Chinese I had learnt in school was extremely different from what I had encountered in china, I felt like I didn’t knew any Chinese word like I had never ever studied this language , habits almost everything but even though everything was different I got used to extremely quick maybe because of the people that were very kind and willing to help you integrate. I felt like I had entered another dimension one of fairytale because even though I have seen movies I had read about Chinese life I did not expect things to be so authentic the buildings you see the people on the streets have another impact on you when you see the in real life. Is like everything you known is erased and a new meaning I given something that you have never expected .

I can say that China has the ability to make one fall in love with it, with the things it has to offer the new part of China meaning the technological devices, the cities with their skyscrapers and everything that the new age has to offer but also the historic sites of China the ones that are building a history for over 5000 years, one of the oldest civilization in the world’s history. China is a country that despite everything has kept its traditions and values intact through time. From my personal experience once you have tasted the sweetness of China’s culture, tradition you can only hope for more and more. Even if I didn’t stay there too much it was enough for me to want even more maybe because I’m European and this whole culture is something new to me and is very interesting