Canine gastritis [627356]
Canine gastritis
Craig Webb, DVM, PhD*, David C. Twedt, DVM
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University,
Fort Collins, CO 80523–1601, USA
Gastritis—inflammation of the stomach—is a frequently cited differential
yet rarely characterized diagnosis in cases of canine anorexia and vomit-ing. Although the list of rule-outs for acute or chronic gastritis is extensive(Box 1) [1], a review of the veterinary literature reveals fewer than 15 articles
that have focused on clinical cases of canine gastritis over the last 25 years
[2–14]. The dog frequently appears in the human literature as an ex-perimentally manipulated model for the study of endoscopic techniques orthe effect of medications on gastric mucosa [15–20]. In the veterinarypatient, cases of acute gastritis are rarely pursued with the complete di-agnostic armamentarium, and cases of chronic gastritis are rarely found tooccur as an entity isolated from the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. Thisarticle focuses on those findings most clinically relevant to cases of canine
gastritis in veterinary medicine.
Pathophysiology
The mucosal lining of the stomach normally acts as an effective defensive
barrier against acidity, detergents, bacteria, and changes in temperature.That mucosal defense consists of secretions, cells, and blood. Normal gastricsecretions represent the first line of defense and include acid, mucus,bicarbonate, and antibacterial substances. The gastric epithelium serves as
a barrier to the back-diffusion of acid and is quickly repaired by restitution
after injury. The gastric microvasculature is exquisitely responsive to neu-ronal, hormonal, and inflammatory signals. This blood supply is central tothe maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity, the elimination of noxioussubstances, and gastric epithelial turnover [21–23]. Macrophages and mastcells are part of the innate immune system that coordinates the gastricVet Clin Small Anim
33 (2003) 969–985
* Clinical Sciences Department, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort
Collins, CO 80523, USA.
E-mail address: [anonimizat] (C. Webb).
0195-5616/03/$ – see front matter /C2112003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/S0195-5616(03)00052-4
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