Journal of Sport and Kinetic Movement Vol. I I, No. 302017 [608894]

Journal of Sport and Kinetic Movement Vol. I I, No. 30/2017

RECOVERY OF THE TRAUMAS OF THE KNEE WITH THE HELP OF
KINESIOTHERAPY – PHYSICAL EXERCISES

Olteanu Nelu, Negoescu Mihai Cristian
State University of Physical Education and Sport of the Republic of Moldova
email :[anonimizat] , [anonimizat]

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the role and importance of specific kinetic treatment in the sports injuries of the locomotors system
in various martial arts styles, and emphasizes the need for individual rehabilitation programs to be developed for
performance athletes.
The analysis of the obtained results highlights that the obtaining of favorable results is directly proportional to the
precise application of the physical recovery and physical rehabilitation programs, as well as the seriousness of those
who are directly involved in the program.
Key words : sports training, martial arts, sports trauma.

INTRODUCTION
Morbidity, through orthopedic – traumatological
disorders, especially in recent decades, occupies a
position of great importance in sports pathology.
This is not a coincidence, because in order to
increase the sport performance, both the volume
and intensity of the effort, the training and the
competitions increase. There are changes
(improving, upgrading) the environmental factors
in which these training and competitions take
place.
At the same time, the increase in violence in
sports is, unfortunately, a reality of contemporary
sport, sometimes going to a certain fanaticism to
be the best. This fact fully justifies the interest in
sports traumatology in the field of competitive
sport, which makes at least one session of the
congress program at all the specialized scientific
meetings, sports traumatology and the
recuperation of sports injuries.
Martial Arts is a sporting area that can induce
varied traumatic injuries that require a specialized
medical care. In all Martial Arts, the most serious
injuries occur in the gym in trainings and not in
sports competitions because the concentration of
athletes is lower. In addition of the problem of
athletes injuries, does not matter the discipline
practiced, the injuries and their effects are the
same. Only the manner of the athlete injured is
different .
The many forms of trauma that occur during
martial arts practice are generally known, but in
the literature there are no data processing related
to the medical records used for the purpose of
reintegration of the athlete in competition, nor
data related to the means of physical medicine used in the recovery of these athletes.
Any process and method of practicing physical
exercise (bilaterally, in particular or
independently) must have maximum efficiency,
especially in relation to the “investments” that
they assume [1]. In order to achieve this major
objective, it is necessary to organize and carry out
the respective process in accord ance with certain
norms, rules, directives which it obliges.
In today's sports and sports competitions, young
people practice martial arts in an increasing
number and their desire to achieve competitive
sports performance as quickly as possible leads to
a steady increase the number of injured athletes.
These undesirable events determine specialists to
study the evolution of martial arts, the positive
impact and negative consequences transposed into
various traumas.
Among these injuries suffered by the athlete,
characterized by suffering, time interruptions of
sports activities, everyday activities, physical and
psychological sequelae. That is why the athlete
needs rehabilitation, efficient and fast
reintegration into sports and social activity.
Rehabilitation is a form of complex medical –
social assistance, but at the same time unitary in
conception, which is continuously carried out and
has as final goal the recovery of the deficiencies
in the productive society, its means of action
aiming to obtain optimal values of all four vital
parameters of any individual: the morpho –
functional capacity, the mental state, the
vocational training and the social condition [2,3].
For a better rehabilitation of the athlete, it is
possible to act by means of: medical physical
recovery, psychological rehabilitation, vocational
re-education and social rehabilitation.
This research is based on the premise that injuries
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Journal of Sport and Kinetic Movement Vol. I I, No. 30/2017

from a fighting sport and direct contact, as is the
case with different martial arts styles, cannot be
completely eliminated, but knowledge and
understanding of their production can lead to the
establishment of strategies training and sports
behavior, recovery and reduction of trauma.
From the point of biomechanics is an acyclic –
dynamic sport. Fighting takes place in two ways:
“on the ground” and “standing”.
The athlete needs to know “bottleneck”
techniques, “articulated” techniques, “ground
immobilizations” and “ground opponent design”
techniques. The effort is mostly done with the
locked chest (Valsava effect). The normal duration
of the fight is 2 to 4 minutes, during which the
techniques mentioned are used.
Marked demand of the nervous system, analyzers,
and the osteoarticular apparatus is placed between
neuropsychotic, neuromuscular dominant sports.
The major trauma encountered during practicing
combat in the locomotor apparatus is:
● Tibial Periostasis – requires cryotherapy +
analgesics, fibular zone ultrasonication, and xylin
ionizations.
● Enthesis;
● Myositis;
● Quadriceps hematoma – segmental rest, local
cryotherapy, surgical removal. Incorrect treatment
causes calcification with adherent tissue in the
muscle mass.
● Kneel or ankle cramps require immobilization
● Meniscal lesions require immobilization. The
treatment consists in the release of the knee that is
usually surgical, followed by a postoperative
treatment for early functional recovery that can
begin from the immobilization phase through
active physiotherapy with specifically form ulated
targets.
● Fractures – require surgery, followed by
postoperative recovery for functional recovery,
which can start from the immobilization phase.
The aim of the research is to improve the
process of functional recovery of traumatized
athletes, practicing different styles of martial arts
through complex strategies of trauma recovery.
The object of the research is the process of
recovering the sports injuries resulting from the
injuries that occurred during the training and
sports competitions of different styles of martial
arts.
The working hypothesis of research. Martial
arts recovery strategies will help reduce the
recovery period of athletes and optimize the
process if:
– The theoretical and methodical bases on applying methods and means of recovery in the
training of athletes from different martial arts
styles will be realized.
– The structure and content of applying the current
recovery strategies will be analyzed in the training
of athletes practicing different martial arts styles.
– Complex recovery strategies will be developed
for athletes with various injuries of the locomotor
system
– Experimentally, complex recovery strategies will
be approved in the different martial arts styles.
Achieving the goal and verifying the hypothesis
required the following objectives:
1. Elaboration of the theoretical and
methodological bases regarding the application of
methods and means of recovery in the training of
athletes in different martial arts styles
2. Analysis of the structure and content of
applying current strategies for the recovery of
traumas in different martial arts styles.
3. Development of new, complex recovery
strategies, applied to athletes with traumatic
injuries of the locomotive apparatus.

Material and Method
The research methods conformed to the object and
purpose:
1. Analyze specialized literature.
2. Test method.
3. Statistical and mathematical method of
processing and interpreting data.
The sample of the research consisted of 15
athletes, members of the Qwan Ki Do martial arts
section and the traditional Karate Classic CSA
Steaua Sports Club of the STEAUA Army of
Bucharest, aged between 14 and 25 years old.
In the research, the data were collected from the
CSA Medical Section Steaua Sports Club of the
STEAUA Army, the place where some of the
kinetotherapy programs were carried out.
The experimental basis of the work is represented
by the following instruments and instruments:
goniometer, metal band, talimeter, scales, rigid
rod, dynamometer. Also, evaluation and treatment
sheets, tests, questionnaires were used.
Stages of investigation. The present research was
carried out in two phases, as follows:
Phase I (2015- 2016) included studying sources of
literature on martial arts, trauma encountered in
martial arts, classical and kinetic recovery
methods,
Stage II (2016 -2017) consisted in organizing
research, processing and scientific interpretation
of the data obtained and the whole verifying the
effectiveness of the proposed experimental
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Journal of Sport and Kinetic Movement Vol. I I, No. 30/2017

methodology.
Subjects are ages 14 to 25, representing the junior
and (over 18) senior years.
The 15 subjects were followed from May 2016 to
April 2017 (12 calendar months) in the order of
injuries.
The recording of the data was based on the events
during the training and the competitions, then on
the basis of the documents issued by the
specialized medical services.
We watched the post-traumatic evolution of
athletes by compiling them in a rigorous and
complex recovery program to find the most
effective treatment for the early return of athletes
to competitive activity.
In the case of research, it’s been observed both the
performance of athletes (general physical training,
specific technique) as well as the material
conditions of the sports grounds and the protective
equipment of the athletes.
Kinetic program for post traum atic lesions that
interest soft tissues, articular tissue and bone
tissue in the knee joint.
In sports medicine, any recovery program has a
bipolar structure because it must contain distinctly
as objectives:
1. the physical conditioning program (restoring or
maintaining the general physical condition); it is
divided into 4 stages (after the phases that
necessarily pass any post-traumatic lesion of soft
tissue).
– acute phase; sub acute phase; phase of the
program of progressive exercises supervised; the
rebound phase of the comp etition.
– for post traumatic damage of joint and bone
tissue: the preoperative and postoperati ve stage
with very well -formed kinetic programs.
2. the actual rehabilitation program (maximum
recovery of the local functional deficit created by
the trauma).
The tests used for the functional evaluation of the
affected segments were the standard ones:
1. Manual Muscle Manual Test: The active muscle
tonus was assessed by standard manual technique
betwee n 0-5.
2. Joint goniomety: The flexion angle and the
extension gap with the goniometer expressed in
degrees were measured.
3. Pain: He appreciated on a scale of 1-6 as
follows: (without pain, rarely in vigorous
activities, moderate in daily activities, for light
activities, continuous)
4. Edema: Investigated the following qualitative
assessment: no spontaneous joint (osteoarthritis );
moderate but not hemarthrosis: moderate osteoarthritis, with hemarthrosis; severe
hemarthrosis edema with hemarthrosis.
Overall functional evaluation of the affected
segment was made with LYSHOLM SCORES:
1. Instability (0-25 points)
2. Swelling (0 – 10pct.)
3. Lump / travel, walking without aids (0 -5 points)
4. Locking the MI joint from G (0-15 points)
5. Pain (0-25 points)
6. Walking on stairs (0-10 points)
7. Support, your own weight while walking on flat
ground (0 – 5 pct)
8. “Squatting” (flexion Mi in Article G) (0-5pct.)
Interpretation of the Lysholm score (maximum
100 pts):
Excellent> 90 pts.
Good 84 -90 pct.
Moderate 65-83 pct.
“Bad” <65 pct.
Results
Evolution of LYSHOLM general score after
kinetic and hydrokinetic programs is suggestive,
with the proviso that during the kinetic programs
two of the patients abandoned the program at
certain times, lacking in tests and measurements,
which has prolonged the time to return to
competitive activity, and one patient declined the
final tests and measurements.
It is found that: for different traumas of the
locomot or system, the recovery period is longer
and often difficult, suggesting the importance of
trauma prevention, as well as the importance of
the detailed training programs and of the other
factors: equipment, sports material, appropriate
sports base.
Physical therapy along with hydrotherapy and
other physical procedures has a decisive
importance in functional recovery treatment
programs and rehabilitation after locomotor
system sports injuries.
Discussions and Conclusions
The results of this study show that performance
athletes require their own recovery strategy using
personalized kinetic programs using the latest and
most effective means of therapy and recovery, as
well as a diagnosis of sportiness and sport loyalty.
Traumatic prophylaxis has substantial importance
and the effective ways of implementing it are:
good health, psycho -emotional balance and
motivation of competitive activity, superior
psycho- physical training, adequate equipment,
general training, specific and warm -up adapted to
local conditions, sporty lifestyle, and optimal
recovery after effort.

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Journal of Sport and Kinetic Movement Vol. I I, No. 30/2017

References
[1]. Cârstea G. (2000) Teoria și metodica
educației fizice și sportului Editura ANDA
București; pg. 77. [2]. Baciu, C.C. (1981) Aparatul locomotor
Editura Medicală București; pg. 20-28
[3]. Baciu, C. C. (1981) Kinetoterapia pre si post
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