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Effect on Characteristic of Alu minu m Metal Matrix Composite by Silicon Carbide
Reinforcement
Conf erence Paper · Januar y 2015
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Char acterization of Aluminum Me tal-Matrix Composit e with SiC and B4C R einf orcement with Diff erent Weight P ercentage View pr oject
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Arun Singh
Madhav Instit ute of T echnolog y & Scienc e Gw alior
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Avadesh K umar Sharma
Maulana Az ad National Instit ute of T echnolog y, Bhop al
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Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME)
Print ISSN: 2393 -9095; Online ISSN: 2393 -9109; Volume 2, Number 1; January -March , 201 5 pp. 1-3
© Krishi Sa nskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jmsme.html

Effect on Characteristic of Aluminum Metal Matrix
Composite by Silicon Carbide Reinforcement
Arun Singh1 and Avadesh Kumar Sharma2
1,2
E-mail: Madhav Institute of Technology & Sciences Gwalior, M.P, India
1, [anonimizat].in2

Abstract —The Metal Matrix Composites are made by dispersing
through reinforcement of material into metal matrix. These are
prepared by casting, although selection by to technical challenge
exists with casting technology. Within the matrix to obtaining such
homogeneous distribution of reinforcement is a challenge itself, and
it affects directly on the quality and property of composite.
In this work the composite material is developed by reinforcing of Silicon carbide in Aluminum metal by different weight percent ratio
and followed by stir casting fabrication technique. Hardness and
Tensile Strength of prepared composite has been evaluated. The
distribution of SiC particl e in the Al matrix revealed by
microstructure observation. [anonimizat]

1. INTRODUCTION
The Metal matrix composites are combination of two or more
than two different materials including metal, intermatallic
compound or next step dispersed phase of metal matrix. To
achiev e optimum combination of properties it has produced by
controlling the morphology of constituent. The properties of
Constituent’s phase, its relative amount, dispersed geometry
including particle shape and size along with orientation in
matrix.[1,2]
The a pplication of Aluminum metal matrix has widely in daily
life. In the case of advantage, rather than unreinforced
material, better to reinforced particle in aluminum containing
Light weight, improved stiffness, greater strength and high specific module, Hig h thermal conductivity, low thermal
expansion coefficient, tailored electrical properties, increasing wear resistance, improved damping capacity and increase in wear resistance. The incorporation of reinforcement
constituents has been formed in mono filame nts or continuous
fiber, short fiber, particles. Now days the strongest exploration
of wide use of AMCs are Automotive application such as
brake disk, engine piston, Aerospace, Thermal management
area and industrial product. [3]
Aluminum can be manufacture d by powder metallurgical
formation, semi solid process and liquid state processes (stir casting, squeeze casting, infiltration etc.). Generally ceramic particle like silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B
4C),
graphite and alumina (Al 2O3) and non metallic particles are used as reinforcement of Aluminum metal matrices. In terms to metal matrix composite, the reinforcement includes
Whisker, fibers as well as particles. In metal matrix composite
to develop fiber commonly used are SiC, B
4C, Al 2O3,
graphite. Ma inly these are used as whiskers. Whiskers and
silicon nitride continuous fibers are under development are potential full candidate for future MMCs. The others whisker
materials include are MgO -Ni, MgO, NiO &TiB
2. Particulates
are considered as common reinf orcement with metal matrices.
The most important role considered under particulate reinforcement include alumina, silicon carbide, Zirconia
(ZrO
2), Titanium carbide & Thoria (ThO 2
2. EXPERIMENTAL CONFIGU RATION ) and boron carbide,
boron nitride, silicon nitride etc.
The aluminum alloy c omposite materials consist of high
stiffness, high strength, and more corrosion and wear resistance, more thermal stability and more fatigue life. The
aluminum alloy material are found unique capacity in field to
design material we required as per own property.
When applying load physically to composite, the load has
been transferred to reinforcement followed to dispersed
reinforcements bounded with matrix. To obtain the high
strength composite the strong interface between matrix and
reinforcement is highl y required. These strong interfaces have
been obtained during casting by mutual dissolution or
reaction. To achieve good wettability, reinforcement is
necessary during casting. [4]
The aim of this study is to observe the effect of silicon carbide
reinforcement in aluminium matrix composites on hardness,
tensile strength and microstructure aspect in different chemical composition.
2.1 Material
Aluminum is used as base material and SiC has been used as reinforcement particle to prepare the composite for this study. The chemical composition of Al used are prepared is given in
table 1.

Arun Singh and Avadesh Kumar Sharma

Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME)
Print ISSN: 2393 -9095; Online ISSN: 2393 -9109; Volume 2, Number 1; January -March, 2015 2
Tab le 1 : Chemical Composition of AMC (wt %)
Element Percentage
(Current) Percentage
Ref[16]
Al 99.7 99.62
Fe 0.115 0.01
Si 0.117 0.19
Cu 0.0007 0.01
Mg

Sn

Ni

Cr

Mn 0.0033
0.0022
0.0041
>>0.0005 0.01

0.01
2.2 Preparation of composites
The fabrication of AMC was done by stir casting process
incorporation to SiC reinforcement. Aluminium was melted in
furnace on temperature of 7600 C. The aluminum containing
all the above chemical specification composition will get melt
on this temperature. On the another hand the SiC particle has
been preheated on temperature of 8000C for two hour has been
mixed with molten liquid of Al. now the st irring has been done
for duration of 10- 13 min. Now the melted material was
poured into mould and keeps it for solidifying. Now the
desired dimension of sample has taken for test performance.
2.3 Experimental testing
To getting better visual impact it is c ompulsory to get better
finishing surface of sample. Samples were polished with
emery paper finest grade of 1,2,3,4 by keeping rotation of 900
in direction of top to bottom, left to right, bottom to top and
followed by right to left. Then now proceed on re volving
wheel for cloth polish with mix of alumina power and water.
The alumina power of 10 µmm were been taken.
Microstructure of composite prepared presence of SiC in Al was observed. Etching agent was used for surface clean vision
and keeping corrosion free surface according to sample.
Optical microscope was been used for visual impact at
magnification of 200X.
Hardness testing has measured in Vickers hardness THV -1M
Automatic testing machine. A diamond indenter which has designed in conic angle of 136
0 , applied load varying from 1
to 100 Kgf. The Vicker’s hardness (H V) is calculated by
HV = P
d2
2sinα/2 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSIO N
= 1.8544 P
d2 Tensile measurement has been performed using by computerized INSTRON 8000 series tensilo meter by
applying tensile force.
3.1 Microstructure
The interface characteristics of grain bonding reflect in
composite material property after reinforced. The visual
interface of microstructure was observed.

Fig. 1: Typical Microstructure of Al -SiC
From Analysis of microstructure, it has been observed that
particle wettability has been increased. This is due to the variation of contact time of SiC in liquid of Aluminum.
3.2 Hardness
The micro hardness of composite material has measured which reflec ts the property of resistance of material against
surface indentation. It shows the interface bonding strength
between composite matrix and reinforced particles.

Fig. 2: Hardness with respect to wt % of SiC
Present, Ref[16],
01020304050607080
Pure Al 5% SiC 10 % SiC 20 %SiCVicker's Hardness (kgf)

Effect on Characteristic of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite by Silicon Carbide Rein forcement 3

Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME)
Print ISSN: 2393 -9095; Online ISSN: 2393 -9109; Volume 2, Number 1; January -March, 2015 The Fig.2 shows the nature of matrix over cont inue increasing
tendency. The increasing of wt % of SiC enhancing the
hardness rather than Pure Al.
3.3 Tensile strength
The Fig. 3 showing the relation between tensile strength with
respect to increasing wt % of SiC of developed composite.

Fig. 3: Tensi le strength with respect to wt % of SiC
From the tensile test result, it is observed that the tensile strength of aluminum matrix composite has been greater than
unreinforced aluminium due to increase of SiC wt % and maximization of strong bond phenomena i n Al matrix. The
continuity increases in tensile strength has been obtained with respect to increasing wt % if SiC.
4. CONCLUSION
This present work fabrication has been successfully done
using stir casting .The effect of SiC contents has analyzed and
extending behavior of mechanical properties and
microstructure. The distribution of SiC in AMC was fairly
homogeneous. The Sic particle’ distribution was observed to be intra granular. It has refined to the grains of alloy matrix
and was properly enhanced in bondation in matrix. Interfacing
of AMC and SiC particle was clean without the presence of pores, voids and reaction products. As well as it has enhance
micro hardness .Increasing in SiC contents shifted the fracture
mode from ductile to brittle. Due to unique composition in
content of weight percent in metal the activeness of hasten
tensile strength has been observed
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